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1、山东省部分市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编语法填空山东省聊城市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末教学质量抽测英语试题第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。From rags to riches is a common phrase in English. Its often used to describe either people or 56 (story) about people who begin their lives in extreme poverty and end up b
2、eing _57 (wealth), often through hard work or talent.The phrase is thought to have come from the writings of Horatio Alger, 58 American writer. His most popular 19th-century works 59 (write) for children, and described extremely poor boys 60 hard work won them a change to improve their lives.Though
3、going from rags to riches 61 (be) likely to be an expression without a long history, the concept of moving from being poor to being rich is 62 (actual) not new. Its a common theme in fairy tales. Cinderella moves from wearing rags and doing all the housework to 63_ (marry) the prince, her kind heart
4、 finally bringing her happiness.The phrase is also often thought to have a 64 (connect) to the American dream. In the past, many foreigners viewed America 65 a place where they could end poverty and have a chance to do wonderful things.山东省德州市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在题后
5、空白处填入适当的内容(每空一词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The English translations of poems by four renowned Tang Dynasty (618一907) poets have recently been published, allowing these literary masterpieces 36 (appreciate) in lands beyond China.So far, Zhao 37 (translate) 1,052 poems by Li, more than 1,500 poems by Du, and 400 poe
6、ms by Wang. Translations of Bai,s 3, 000 poems are still a work 38 progress.Zhao says Wangs poems were famous for his 39 (describe) of nature and界上唯列仍在运营的高速磁悬浮列车。in operation在实施中,为固定搭配,故填in.本文讲述了上周日,一辆设计时速600公里的高速磁悬浮测试车在上海同济大学的一条磁悬 浮线路上成功进行了首次测试。中国的目标是到2025年建成一条500公里长的高速磁悬浮 线路。介绍了高速磁悬浮列车的优点。山东省枣庄市20
7、20-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题who 57. for 58. to solve 59. the 60. was61. importantly 62. is being planted/ has been planted 63. countries 64. giving 65. as【解析】(56) who.考查定语从句。句意:他目睹了被赶出家乡的人们和失去赖以生存的土地的人 们的绝望。先行词为those,指人,在定语从句中作主语,故填who.(57) for.考查介词。句意:因此,当他申请大学时,他决定学习农业,认为”有足够的食 物是人们的首要任务”。apply for申请,为固
8、定搭配,故填for.(58) to solve.考查不定式。句意袁世凯着手解决这个问题,1964年开始研究杂交水稻, 1973年成功培育出世界上第一个高产杂交水稻品系,他继续努力,取得了新的突破。set out to do sth.着手做某事,故填to solve.(59) the.考查冠词。句意 袁世凯着手解决这个问题,1964年开始研究杂交水稻,1973年 成功培育出世界上第一个高产杂交水稻品系,他继续努力,取得了新的突破。后面有序数词, 所以用定冠词,故填the.(60) was.考查时态和主谓一致。句意2017年,中国杂交水稻平均每公顷产量达到7. 5吨, 全球为4. 61吨。根据时间
9、状语in2017,可知描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时态,故填was.(61) importantly.考查副词。句意:更重要的是,当谈到分享他的研究成果以造福全世界 人民时,他是无私的。修饰句子,所以用副词,故填importantly.(62) is being planted/has been planted.考查时态语态。句意:如今,他的杂交水稻已在印度、 孟加拉国、印度尼西亚、越南、美国和巴西的大片地区种植。plant和句子主语之间是被动 关系,所以用被动语态,描述正在发生的申请,所以用现在进行时态,也可以表示已经发生 的申请,所以用现在完成时态,主语为不可数名词,故填is being
10、 planted/has been planted.(63) countries.考查名词复数。句意 亚洲水稻生产国(不包括中国)450万公顷的土地上 正在种植杂交水稻种子。country为可数名词,表示不止一个,所以用复数名词,故填countries.(64) giving.考查现在分词。句意:通过在国家研究中心的研究和试验,袁继续培育出产 量越来越高的超级杂交稻,其穗部长满了谷粒,弯成了“水稻瀑布, 指代前面句子的直接结 果,所以用现在分词作结果主语,故填giving.(65) as.考查连词。句意:为了仔细观察他的植物,袁花在田里的时间比在办公室的时间 要多,就像农民一样。表示“正如”,
11、所以用just as,故填as.本文介绍了水稻之父袁隆平, 介绍了它的杂交水稻对世界的贡献。landscapes; however, Li 40 (skillful) inserted his sentiments into romantic poetic lines. Du was known for his poetry that featured his worries about the nation and wars, 41 Bai often expressed concerns of his friends and homeland in his works.Zhao 42 is
12、 also president of the International Sinological Studies and EducationAssociation, says that China 43 (boast) a long history of poetry. Chinese poetry goes back to 44 age of the legendary Yellow Emperor, or Huangdi,45(date) back to around 2600 BC.The Tang Dynasty is the golden age in Chinese literat
13、ure, and poems by the four poets are like the jewels on the crown of Tang poetry,* says Zhao.山东省济南市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题第二节(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A 语法填空During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was 36 (teach) people about Christianity, but painters in the Rena
14、issance concentrated less on 37 (religion) themes. They 38 (adopt) a more humanistic attitude to life. An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective. Some of 39 greatest art that Europe had ever seen was produced by influential painters such as Da Vinci, Giotto and Masaccio
15、.B 语法填空Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result 40 further warming and long-lasting changes to the climate. Governments need to consider 41 (take) appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon fbotprint” by restricting the am
16、ount of carbon dioxide that our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, because this is the most serious issue 42 affects all of us on this planet.语法填空Located to the south of the equator, below many other 43 (country) on the g
17、lobe, Australia is often 44(informal) referred to as “down under”. After being there for sometime, my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures. Although the main cultural influence 45 (be) Western culture since 1788, minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the u
18、nique Australian culture.山东省日照市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末英语试题第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A high-speed maglev test vehicle, with a designed speed of 600km/h36 (successful)conducted its first test run on a maglev line at Tongji University in Shanghai last Sunday.Air travel of passe
19、nger planes usually has 37 average of 800km/h, while high-speed trains in China now run at a speed of up to 350km/h. Researchers expect the 600km/h maglev train to fill the gap between the two and help to establish a more 38 (reason), efficient and flexible transport network 39 (meet) the travel nee
20、ds of different groups.China aims to put a 500-kilometer-long high-speed maglev line to use by 2025. People in Zhejiang are especially excited about the news. Once completed, the project 40 (enable) Hangzhou citizens to reach Shanghai in 20 minutes.The high-speed maglev train features high speed, sa
21、fety, reliability, large passenger capacity, on-time 41 (perform), environmental protection and low maintenance-cost. Take the 1200km Beijing-to-Shanghai trip as an example. It 42 (take) about 4.5 hours by plane including preparation time; about 5.5 hours by high-peed rail, and only about 3.5 hours
22、by maglev.The Shanghai maglev train, 43 (launch) in 2002, is the worlds third high-speed maglev train 44 has been put into commercial operation after the Air Rail Link in London in 1984 and M-Bahn line in Berlin in 1989. Its also the only one still 45 operationworldwide.山东省枣庄市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试
23、题第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing, and raised in an era of war and hunger. He witnessed the despair of people driven away from their hometowns and those 56 lost the land that they lived on. So when he applied 57 university, he decided to
24、study agriculture, believing that Having enough food is peoples first priority”.Yuan set out 58 (solve) the problem. He began researching hybrid rice in 1964, and succeeded in cultivating 59 worlds first high-yielding hybrid rice strain in 1973. He continued to work and made new breakthroughs. In 20
25、17, the average output of hybrid rice per hectare (公顷)in China reached 7.5 tons, while globally it 60 (be) 4.61 tons.More 61 (important), he was selfless when it came to sharing his research to benefit people all over the world. Today, his hybrid rice 62 (plant) in large areas of India, Bangladesh,
26、Indonesia, Vietnam, the US and Brazil. Hybrid rice seeds are being cultivated on 4.5 million hectares of land in Asian rice-producing 63 (country), excluding China.By research and trials at his national center, Yuan continued to produce increasingly higher-yielding super-hybrid plants, with panicles
27、 (穗型)so full of grain that they bent, 64 (give) the appearance of a waterfall of rice”. To observe his plants closely, Yuan spent more time in a field than in an office, just 65 farmers do.答案:山东省聊城市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末教学质量抽测英语试题56. stories 57. wealthy58. an 59. were written 50. whose61. is 62. Actuall
28、y63. marrying 64. Connection 65. as【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了英文中的习语“由穷至富”的含义、历史来源及人 们的对它的使用。56 .考查名词的数。句意:这个成语经常被用来描述那些开始过着赤贫的生活,后来通过艰 苦工作或者才干最终过上富裕生活的那些人或者他们的故事。句中people是指人们,用的 复数,所以story相应的也要变成复数。故填stories。57 .考查形容词。句意:这个成语经常被用来描述那些开始过着赤贫的生活,后来通过艰苦 工作或者才干最终过上富裕生活的那些人或者他们的故事。being是系动词,后面用形容词 作表语,表示状态,所以需要
29、把名词wealth变成形容词形式。故填wealthy。58 .考查冠词。句意:通常认为这个成语是来自美国作家霍雷肖阿尔杰的作品。American writer是Horatio Alger的同位语,表明Horatio Alger的身份,writer是可数名词,前面又有以元音音素开头的American修饰,用不定冠词an表泛指。故填an。59 .考查时态和语态。句意:他在19世纪最受欢迎的作品是写给孩子们的,描述了那些赤 贫的男孩们通过辛勤的劳动赢得了生活的改善。这个句子是and连接两个并列的谓语,由此 判断write是做谓语,主语His most popular 19th-century wor
30、ks和谓语动词write是被动关系, 根据句意这些作品应该是于过去的时间被写,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是复数, 谓语也用复数形式。故填were writteno.考查定语从句的关系词。句意:他在19世纪最受欢迎的作品是写给孩子们的,描述了 那些赤贫的男孩们通过辛勤的劳动赢得了生活的改善。先行词boys后接定语从句( hard work won them a change to improve their lives), 先行词 boys 和从句 主语hard work形成所属关系,构成“boys,hard work ”,用关系代词whose作定语修饰从句 主语 hard worko 故
31、填 whose o.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:虽然由穷至富有可能是一个没有悠久历史的成语,但是由 穷至富的理念实际上并不是一个新概念。though引导的让步状语从句中动名词going做主语 可以判断谓语动词be应该用单数,主句中的谓语动词is决定了从句也应该用一般现在时。 故填iso60 .考查副词。句意:虽然由穷至富有可能是一个没有悠久历史的成语,但是由穷至富的理 念实际上并不是一个新概念。此处is后面已经有形容词new做表语,结合句意此处actual 应该变成副词形式作状语来修饰形容词newo故填actually o.考查动名词。句意:灰姑娘从一个穿着破烂、整天做家务的姑娘成为一个嫁给王子
32、成为 王妃的姑娘,是因为她那颗善良的心最终给她带来了幸福。介词词组fromto的介词后面 接名词或者动名词,由from后面用的动名词wearing也可以判断出to后面也应该用marry 的动名词形式。故填marrying。61 .考查名词的数。句意:人们也认为这个成语和美国梦有一定的联系。由前面的a,再结 合句意可以判断出此处应该用单数名词做动词have的宾语。故填connectiono.考查介词。句意:在过去,很多外国人把美国看作一个可以结束贫穷和有机会成功的地 方。根据动词词组view . as(把看做),并结合句意可知此处应填介词aso故填as。山东省德州市2020-2021学年高二下学
33、期期末考试英语试题【答案】36. to be appreciatedhas translated37. in 39. description#descriptionsskillfully40. while#butwho 43. boasts44. the 45. dating【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了唐代四位著名诗人诗歌英译本出版,描述了他们诗 歌的风格。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:最近,四位唐代(618-907)著名诗人的诗歌英译本出版,让这些文学 名著在中国以外的地方得到欣赏。固定短语allow sb to do,且名词literary masterpieces与
34、动 词 appreciate 是被动关系。故填 to be appreciatedo37题详解】考查时态。句意:到目前为止,赵已经翻译了李贽的1052首诗歌,杜甫的1500多首,王羲之的400多首。根据句中的So far,可知,动词应用现在完成时。故填has translated0【38题详解】考查介词。句意:白居易的3000首诗的翻译工作仍在进行中。固定短语in progress正在进 行中。故填in。【39题详解】考查名词。句意:赵说,王羲之的诗以描写自然和风景而闻名。形容词物主代词his后接名 词。故填 description/descriptions。【40题详解】考查副词。句意:而李
35、羲之却将自己的情感巧妙地融入到浪漫的诗行中。动词inserted前用 副词修饰。故填skillfullyo41题详解】考查连词。句意:杜甫因其对国家和战争的担忧而闻名,而白居易则经常在他的作品中表达 对朋友和祖国的担忧。空格前后描述的是两位诗人表达方式的不同,所以用转折连词。故填 while/buto【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意:赵也是国际汉学研究与教育协会的主席,他说中国拥有悠久的诗歌历 史。句中先行词为Zhao,指人,在非限定性定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who。故 填 whOo【43题详解】考查谓语动词。句意:赵也是国际汉学研究与教育协会的主席,他说中国拥有悠久的诗歌历 史。陈
36、述客观事实,用一般现在时。主语是China,所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。 故填 boasts o【44题详解】考查冠词。句意:中国诗歌可以追溯到传奇的黄帝时代,大约可以追溯到公元前2600年。 这里特指the legendary Yellow Emperor,所以用定冠词the。故填the。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国诗歌可以追溯到传奇的黄帝时代,大约可以追溯到公元前2600 年。逻辑主语Chinese poetry与动词date是主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填dating。山东省济南市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题【答案】36. to teach 3
37、7. religious 38. adopted 39. theA.这是一篇说明文。在中世纪,西方艺术的目的是让人们了解基督教,但文艺复兴时期 的画家不太关注宗教主题。他们对生活采取了更人性化的态度。这一时期的一个重要突破是 透视法的使用。欧洲历史上一些最伟大的艺术作品是由达芬奇、乔托和马萨乔等有影响力的 画家创作的。【解析】(36) to teach.考查不定式。句意:在中世纪,西方艺术的目的是让人们了解基督教,但文 艺复兴时期的画家不太关注宗教主题。此处说明主语的内容,应用不定式作表语。故填to teach o(37) religious.考查形容词。句意:在中世纪,西方艺术的目的是让人们
38、了解基督教,但 文艺复兴时期的画家不太关注宗教主题。修饰后文名词themes应用形容词religious,作定 语。故填 religious。(38) adopted.考查时态。句意:他们对生活采取了更人性化的态度。此处描述过去发生的 事情应用一般过去时。故填adoptedo(39) the.考查冠词。句意:欧洲历史上一些最伟大的艺术作品是由达芬奇、乔托和马萨乔 等有影响力的画家创作的。greatest为形容词最高级,前面需用定冠词the。故填the。【答案】40. in 41. taking 42. thatB.这是一篇说明文。温室气体的持续排放将导致气候进一步变暖和长期变化。各国政府需 要
39、考虑采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体的排放。作为个人,我们也可以通过限制生活 方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的碳足迹。我们有责任抓住每一个机会教育大家关于全 球变暖的知识,因为这是影响地球上所有人的最严重的问题。(40) in.考查介词。句意:温室气体的持续排放将导致气候进一步变暖和长期变化。结合 句意表示“导致”可知短语为result in。故填in。(41) taking.考查动名词。句意:各国政府需要考虑采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气 体的排放。结合句意表示考虑做某事”可知短语为consider doing sth.。故填takingo(42) that.考查定语从句。句意:我们有责
40、任抓住每一个机会教育大家关于全球变暖的知 识,因为这是影响地球上所有人的最严重的问题。此处为定语从句修饰先行词issue,先行 词在从句中作主语,指物,且由最高级修饰只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。【答案】43. countries 44. informally 45. has beenC.本文是说明文,介绍了澳大利亚文化的多样性。语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时,要在理解文章的基础上,灵活运用语法知 识,如词性,时态,名词单复数,连接词,代词,冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容。答完后, 还要通读全文,核对所填单词形式是否正确,是否符合语境。(43) countries.考查名
41、词复数。句意:澳大利亚位于赤道以南,在地球上许多其他国家的 下面,它经常被非正式地称为“在下面”。根据前文的many,可知此处名词应用复数形式, 故填 countrieso(44) informally.考查副词。句意:澳大利亚位于赤道以南,在地球上许多其他国家的下面, 它经常被非正式地称为“在下面。此处应用副词,修饰动词refer,故填informally。(45) has been.考查时态。句意:虽然从1788年起主要的文化影响是西方文化,少数民族 文化也在形成独特的澳大利亚文化中发挥了作用。根据时间状语since 1788,可知此处应用 现在完成时,主语the main cultura
42、l influence是第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has been。山东省日照市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末英语试题【答案】36. successfully 37. an 38. reasonable39. to meet40. will enableperformance 42. takes 43. launched 44. that 45. in【解析】(36) successfully.考查副词。句意:上周日,一辆设计时速600公里的高速磁悬浮测试车 在上海同济大学的一条磁悬浮线路上成功进行了首次测试。修饰动词,所以用副词,故填 successfully,(37) an.
43、考查冠词。句意:民航客机的平均飞行速度通常为800公里/小时,而中国高铁的 运行速度现在高达350公里/小时。an average of.平均为,故填an.(38) reasonable.考查形容词。句意:研究人员预计,时速600公里的磁悬浮列车将填补两 者之间的差距,并有助于建立一个更合理、更高效、更灵活的交通网络,以满足不同群体的 出行需求。作定语修饰名词,所以用形容词,故填reasonable.(39) to meet.考查不定式。句意:研究人员预计,时速600公里的磁悬浮列车将填补两者 之间的差距,并有助于建立一个更合理、更高效、更灵活的交通网络,以满足不同群体的出 行需求。不定式作目
44、的状语,故填t。meet.(40) will enable.考查时态。句意:一旦建成,杭州市民将在20分钟内到达上海。描述将 来的申请,所以用一般将来时态,故填will enable.(41) performance,考查名词。句意:高速磁浮列车具有速度快、安全可靠、载客量大、准 时、环保、维护成本低等特点。作宾语,所以用名词,表示抽象概念,为不可数名词,故填 performance.(42) takes.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:以1200公里的北京到上海的旅行为例。包括准 备时间在内,坐飞机大约需要4. 5小时;坐高铁大约需要5. 5小时,坐磁悬浮大约只 需要3. 5小时。描述事实,所以用
45、一般现在时态,主语为it,故填takes.(43) launched.考查过去分词。句意:上海磁悬浮列车于2002年推出,是继1984年伦敦 空中铁路(Air RailLink)和1989年柏林M-Balm线(M-Bahn line)之后,世界上第三条投 入商业运营的高速磁悬浮列车。故launch和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系,所以用过去分 词作后置定语,填launched.(44) that.考查定语从句。句意:上海磁悬浮列车于2002年投入运营,是继1984年伦敦 空铁联运、1989年柏林M-Bahn线之后,世界上第三列投入商业运营的高速磁悬浮列车, 也是世界上唯一一列仍在运营的高速磁悬浮列车。先行词为物,在定语从句中作主语,前面 有序数词,所以用that引导,故填that.(45) in.考查介词。句意:上海磁悬浮列车于2002年投入运营,是继1984年伦敦空铁联 运、1989年柏林M-Bahn线之后,世界上第三列投入商业运营的高速磁悬浮列车,也是世