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1、lln itlEnjoy the colorful campus life!II.Basic Listening PracticeKeys:1.C 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.AIII.Listening InTask 1:On the first dayKeys:(1)the first day(2)changing(3)really good(4)hard workers(5)went over her head(6)explained(7)notes(8)Wednesday(9)participation(10)educationTask 2:How to select elective
2、 courses?Keys:(1)extra training(2)chemistry(3)accounting(4)many fields of study(5)better potential(6)business degree(7)challenging(8)how to learn(9)better understanding(10)narrow-mindedTask3:How to get straight As?Keys:1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.DIV.Speaking OutMODEMMODEL2MODEL3V.Let?s TalkTask 1:Maintaining
3、 the quality or increasing the intake?Keys:(1)quality(2)young(3)25(4)difficult(5)government(6)quality(7)cut(8)extra-cautious(9)afford(10)experience(11)more(12)blame(13)budget(14)puzzled(15)serviceTask 2:Whats your answer?According to the interviewee,its difficult to strike a balance between maintain
4、ing the educationalquality and making sure as many people as possible receive universityeducation.In the past years,China has been confronted with the same problem.The university enrollment has been on the increase and someinstitutions of higher learning do not have enough teachers andteaching facil
5、ities,thus affecting the educational quality.Task 3:Lets group work!VI.Further Listening and SpeakingListening Task:Taskl:Problems with our educational systemScript:Hi,everybody.My topic today is Problems with our educationalsystem.I disagree on a lot of the ways that things have happened for a long
6、time in our educational system.It seems that educators just want to give standardized tests,which focus only on academic performance and neglect studentsabilities and interest in other areas.I think there are a lot of people who are very intelligent,but havent had the opportunities they could have h
7、ad if they hadlearned in a broader-minded educational system.I feel that a lot of courses that students are required to take in highschool are too academic,and,as a result,many kids have lost their interest in learning.Educators often fail torecognize various kinds of intelligence.They simply exert
8、a lot of pressure on students to be as well-roundedas possible.I think being well-rounded isnt really possible.And as a consequence,some students I believe to be intelligent cantget into good colleges if they,you know,havent scored well on the math section,even if they arebrilliant writers.Another t
9、hing that disturbs me is that the so-called weak students areseparated from the rest of the school.Some kids are kept in a separate class if their grades are lower thanothers.And theyre very aware of their social position,you know.I think it causes them to act in a way that is not really positive.Th
10、eyre just acting in a way they are expected.Often their grades gofrom bad to worse.And thats pretty sad.I think that many of the kids in those classes are intelligent,but they never actually realize their potential because of the way theyare treated early on in their education.Keys:(1)standardized t
11、ests(2)abilities and interest(3)interest(4)pressure(5)well-rounded(6)get into good colleges(7)the rest of the school(8)from bad to worseTask 2:The final examScriptAt a university,there were four sophomores taking a chemistrycourse.They were doing so well on all the quizzes,midterms,labs,etc.thateach
12、 had an A so far for the semester.These four friends were so confident that on the weekend before thefinal,they decided to go up to the University of Virginia and party withsome friends there.They had a great time and didnt make it back to school until earlyMonday morning.Rather than taking the fina
13、l then,they decided to find their professor after the final and explain to himwhy they missed it.They explained that they had planned to come back in time for thefinal exam,but,unfortunately,they had a flat tire on the way back and didnt have aspare.As a result,they missed the final.The professor th
14、ought it over and then agreed they could make up thefinal the following day.The guys were relieved and elated.The next day,the professor placed them in separate rooms,handedeach of them a paper,and told them to begin.They looked at the first problem,worth five points.It was a simple question on a ch
15、emical reaction.Cool,they all thought at the same time,each one in his separateroom,this is going to be easy.Each finished the problem and then turned the page.On the second page was a question worth 95 points:Which of thetires was flat?Keys:(1)course(2)quizzes(3)semester(4)confident(5)party(6)make(
16、7)missed(8)they had a flat tire on the way back and didnt have a spare(9)placed them in separate rooms,handed each of them a paper(10)On the second page was a question worthTask3:Harvard UniversityScriptHarvard University is the oldest institute of higher learning in theUnited States.Founded 1 6 yea
17、rs after the arrival of the Pilgrims at Plymouth,the university has grown from nine students with a single master tothe present enrollment of more than 21,000 students,including undergraduates and students in 10 graduate andprofessional schools.Over 14,000 people work at Harvard,including more than
18、2,100faculty members.Harvard has produced eight American presidents and many NobelPrize winners.During its early years,Harvard offered a classic academic coursebased on the model of English universities,but consistent with the prevailing Puritan philosophy.Although many of its early graduates became
19、 ministers in Puritanchurches throughout New England,the university was never formally affiliated with a specific religiousgroup.Under President Pusey,Harvard started what was then the largestfundraising campaign in the history of American higher education.It was an 82.5-million-dollar program for t
20、he university.The program increased faculty salaries,broadened student aid,created new professorships,and expanded Harvards physical facilities.Neil L.Rudenstine took office as Harvards 26th president in 1991.As part of an overall effort to achieve greater coordination among theuniversitys schools a
21、nd faculties,Rudenstine encouraged academic planning and identified some ofHarvards main intellectual priorities.He also stressed the importance of the universitys excellence inundergraduate education,the significance of keeping Harvards doors open to students fromfamilies of different economic back
22、grounds,and the task of adapting the research university to an era of bothrapid information growth and serious fund shortage.Keys:1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.DViewing and speaking:Task 1:University budget cutsScriptHost:Well,David Lam my,the University Minister,joins mefrom Westminster.Now thanks for joining
23、us this lunchtime,Mr.Lam my.How do these cuts.tie in with your much trum petedcommitment to increasing higher education?Interviewee:Well,I think its important to remind viewers that we willspend well over 12 billion pounds on higher education this year and toalso say that there will be more students
24、 at university next year thanever before in our history.But what is important is that when they get to university,is that theyhave good facilities,good buildings,that they have good contact with their lecturers and,for studentsfrom poorer backgrounds that they receive a grant.And you know 40 percent
25、 of students who are going to university arein receipt of some grants.So we have to plan.Host:But theres going to be less money next year.Thats the bottomline,isnt it?Interviewee:Er,we are asking universities to make a one percent cutin their teaching grant.Thats 51 million out of a total budget of
26、over five billion.Look,I think there are families across the country preparing forChristmas spending a bit less and theyre,you know,its a lot more than one percent that theyre,theyrefeeling.So I think this is reasonable to ask universities if we are to ensure thatwe can continue to send more young p
27、eople to university and weremain committed to that.Host:And briefly,what about these two-year degrees?This is areduction in standards,isnt it?Interviewee:Well,we,we,we.Its important in this country that weremember that students arent just the classic 18-to 21-year-oldundergraduates.We want mature st
28、udents.We want more parttime students and overthe last few years weve been growing the number of foundationdegree,two-year degrees that ensure that transition into high university andhigh level skills.Thats what we want to support and thats what were indicating in thegrant letter that weve sent to u
29、niversities over the last few days.Host:OK.David Lam my,thank you so much for joining us.lnterviewee:Thank you.Keys:(1)increasing(2)12/twelve(3)more(4)facilities(5)lecturers(6)poorer(7)grant(8)one(9)budget(10)less(11)young(12)classic(13)part-time(14)growing(15)two-yearTask 2:Talk after viewingScript
30、There will be more students at universities next year than ever beforein our history.When they get to university,they have good facilities,good buildings,as well as good contact with their lecturers.Students from poorer backgrounds receive a grant.40 percent of students who are going to university w
31、ill receive somesort of grant.Unit 1 testPart IKeys:1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.DPart II for(2)with(3)opportunity(4)tuition(5)explore(6)encounter(7)adventure(8)As with any country,it is not advisable to carry large amounts ofcash around with you(9)Travelers checks are one of the safest and easiest ways totran
32、sport money,because you may have them replaced if they getlost or stolen(10)It is wise to bring about$100 with you in U.S.cash,so you will beable to manage upon your arrival in the StatesPart III1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.APart IV1.C 2.A 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.CUint2Our globe is in danger!I.Lead inTa
33、sk 1:sandstorm;air pollution;deforestationwater pollution;melting polar ice cap;light pollutiondrought;desertification;litteringII.Basic Listening PracticeKeys:1.B 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.CIII.Listening InTask 1:We should have proper respect for nature!Script:Martha:Do you think most people in your culture re
34、spect nature?Ed:I think so.Um.more now than before.Martha:What do you think is the most serious environmental problemin the world today?Ed:Today.I think damage to the ozone layer is a big problem,andanother problem is pollution in big cities and things like that.Martha:How do you learn about environ
35、mental problems?Ed:Um.through school.A lot of clubs promote environmental safety,and some TV programs,too.They talk about environmental safetyand stuff like that.Martha:Do you think students should learn more about theenvironment at school?Ed:I think so.So,as they grow older,they can be more aware o
36、f allthe problems that are going on,and also to prevent more problemsfrom occurring.Martha:If you could create a new law to help the environment,whatwould it be?Ed:A new law for the environment?Um.Id probably say that whenpeople throw away their cigarette butts,they have to throw them intothe garbag
37、e bin,not just throw them everywhere because its justlittering and I hate that.So they should be fined if they throw them onthe floor or on the ground.Martha:Thats a good idea.What do you personally do to help protectthe environment?Ed:Im so against littering.I never litter.If I see somebody litter,
38、Iget really angry.So I always throw my trash into the garbage bin.Keys:(1)nature(2)environmental problem(3)pollution(4)promote(5)aware of(6)from occurring(7)law(8)throw away(9)fined(10)trashTask 2:River pollutionScript:If you see dead fish floating on the river or notice that the water isdiscolored
39、and smelly,you know the river has been polluted,and there are four mainpossible causes for it.First,fertilizer.If large amounts of fertilizer or farm waste drain into ariver,the concentrations of nitrate and phosphate in the waterincrease considerably.Algae use these substances to grow rapidly,turni
40、ng the water green.This massive growth of algae leads to pollution.When the algae die,they are broken down by the action of the bacteria,which quicklymultiply,using up all the oxygen in the water and therefore causingthe death of fish.Second,industrial waste.Factories sometimes discharge chemicalwas
41、te into rivers.Examples of such pollutants include cyanide,lead,copper,and mercury.These substances may enter the water in suchhigh concentrations that fish and other animals are killed im mediately.Sometimes the pollutants enter the food chain and accumulate untilthey reach toxic levels,eventually
42、killing fish and other animals.Third,oil pollution.If oil enters a slow-moving river,it forms arainbow-colored film over the entire surface,preventing oxygen fromentering the water.Fourth,warm water.Industry often uses water for cooling processes,sometimes discharging large quantities of warm water
43、back intorivers.A higher temperature of the water lowers the level of dissolvedoxygen and upsets the balance of life in the water.Keys:1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.DTask3:Curbing carbon emissionsScript:Although it is not an easy task,China is striving to fulfill the promiseto cut its carbon dioxide emissions p
44、er unit of GDP by 40 to 45 percentin the next 1 0 years.Zhang Guobao,Director of the National Energy Administration,said,The government puts great emphasis on seeking harmoniousdevelopment between cities and the environment,and is readjustingthe energy structure by giving priority to the development
45、 of cleanand low-carbon energies,including hydroelectric,nuclear,wind,andsolar power.Government authorities have closed small,coal-fired plants with atotal capacity of 60.06 million kilowatts in the past four years.Thisyears target of closing 1 0 million kilowatts of capacity will beachieved by Augu
46、st.We have promised to the international community that 15 percent ofour power will be generated from nonfossil sources by 2020,DirectorZhang said.At present,non-fossil energy accounts for only 7.8percent.China is making efforts to increase the proportion of clean energy inits total energy consumpti
47、on.Statistics show that China investedUS$34.6 billion in clean energy last year,exceeding the United Stateswhich invested US$18.6 billion.Thus,China has become the worldleader in generating clean energy.Five years earlier,Chinasinvestment in clean energy was only US$2.5 billion.However,Chinas carbon
48、 em ission reduction target cannot beachieved easily.The shift to a low-carbon economy might be met at acost to society.For instance,more than 400,000 people were laid offas a result of the shutdown of small coal-fired power plants in the pastfour years.Many studies indicate that the effort to curb
49、greenhousegas em issions may delay Chinas development,affect peoples income,and lead to unemployment.Keys:1.D 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.CIV.Speaking OutMODEMMODEL2MODELSV.Let?-s TalkTask 1:Disappointment over climate negotiationsKeys:1)doesnt really actually com mit anyone to doing anything,2)the atmosphere sim
50、ple cant take the kind of emissions weve beenseeing in the business-as-usual scenario and theres no realcommitment to change that.3)Theres no real commitment to put serious money on the table4)Its not backed by action,5)It does not constitute a.a deal.6)Its a hollow shell7)it lacks anything on emiss