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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 Module 1 Unit 1 Friendship 1.add up(把两个或以上的数或量）加起来 add up to 共计（指加起来总和是）add to 把 加到中 add to=increase 增加，增添 2.without+n./v-ing There is no smoke without fire.He went out without speaking He slipped into the room without being notice.by+doing 借助于，靠 3.upset adj.心烦意乱，不舒服的，不适的 disturbed/sick vt
2、.vi 使不安，使心烦，打乱，打翻 (upset-upset-upsetting)nervous(rather afraid):在事情发展过程中有一种害怕的感觉 紧张 anxious(worried):由于害怕某种事情会发生而感到焦急 upset(rather unhappy):由于某事的发生而感到心烦意乱 4.ignore vt.不理睬，忽视，对装作不知sb/sth 5.calm down vt.Vi.平静下来，使平静 6.concern vt 涉及 n.关心，关注，（利害）关系 be concerned about/for 关心，挂念 7.reason 理由,动机（explain why
3、it happens or what causes it happen）决定做某事或 采取某一行动的理由，由此而得出结论或解释,具有主观性。(conclusion)+for cause 原因(引起某事的后果或起因,usually a bad event)具有客观性(effect)+of 8.While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.=While you were walking the dog 当 When,while,before,after,once,if,unless,eve
4、n if等引导的状语从句的主语与句子的主语一致时，可将从句的主语和 be 动词省去.While living in England,he picked up some English.While asked about her family,she began to cry.9.share vt.分享，分担 sharein sth(with sb.)share(in)sth among/between sb.10.,like your deepest feelings(feeling)and thoughts.like=such as a feeling of have a feeling t
5、hat.show much feeling for(对的感情，同情，体谅 u.n.)11.go through vt.experience,经历，遭受 look at carefully,finish sth.or complete sth.,use up 穿过，通过 12.hide (hides-hiding-hid-hidden)hide away+地点状语 hide away +宾语 躲藏，隐藏 hide+宾语+away 13.set down=write down=put down 14.a series of=a set of 一连串的，一系列，一套 Two series of ne
6、w stamps have come out.15.crazy adj.be/grow crazy about/of sth.be crazy to do sth.16.stay awake (remain/keep)17.on purpose 故意 for(the)purpose of 为的是;为了.起见;为了.的目的 with the purpose of 以(有).的目的.18.in order to+do 为了起见；以便 in order that+从句 In order to catch the early bus,she got up early.She got up early
7、so as to/in order to catch the early bus.in order not to so as not to 19.dare 情态 mod.v dare do(多用于否定句，疑问句，条件状语从句)学习必备 欢迎下载 dared do（过去时）dare not do=daren t do eg.I daren t speak to him.No one dared ask him.实义 vt.dare(s)(to)do don t/doesn t/didn t dare(to)do eg.he will dare any danger.He didn t dare(
8、to)go.20.happen to do sth.碰巧做.21.It is/was the first time(second time)that have/had done（时态用完成时）某人第几次干某事 22.face to face adv.face-to-face adj.23.put away 把关起来，收拾，把放在一边 24.according to+n./代词 25.outdoors-indoors adv.n.outdoor-indoor adj.26.get along(well)with sb.=get on with 与相处，进展 27.fall in love wit
9、h(表示动作)be in love with(表示状态)28.have got to=have to 29.habit 习惯 have/be in the habit of 有.的习惯 get into/form the habit of 养成.的习惯 30.Your friend can t go until he/she finishes claening the bicycle.a.not.until.b.It is not until he/she finishes claening the bicycle that your friend can go.c.Not until he/
10、she finishes claening the bicycle can your friend go.31.There is/was a time when.有段时间怎么了.Module 1 Unit 2 English around the world 1.more than more than+数词=over .以上,超过，多于，.有余 By then he was more than fifty years old.more than+名词 不只，不仅仅，超过，远不止(not only)Helen and Mary are more than classmates.They are
11、close friends.more than+动词 十分，大大地，远远地，极大地 (much)He more than smiled;he laughed outright.What he did more than satisfied me.more than+adj./adv.非常，十分，更加，深为(very)I m more than happy to hear that.He is more than selfish.When I asked them for help,they were more than glad to come.more than one 名词单数，后面的谓语
12、动词用单数 “不止一个，不只一个”More than one person has known it.no more than 只是,仅仅，只不过 not more than 至多，最多，不超过 2.in(some important)way(s)/by means 在方面 3.one another=each other 彼此，相互之间 4.include including sth.sth included contain 1）用作及物动词，意为“包括；包含”，不能用于进行时态。2）include 还可作“包含于里面；算入”讲，常与 in,on,among 介词等连用。5.play a r
13、ole/part(in)意为“在中担任角色；在中起作用”。某事的发生而感到心烦意乱不理睬忽视对装作不知平静下来使平静涉及语从句的主语与句的主语一致时可将从句的主语和动词省去分享分担对定句疑问句条件状语从句学习必备欢迎下载过去时实义碰巧做时态用完学习必备 欢迎下载 take(on)/perform a role 扮演角色 a leading/starting role 主角 6.Because of+sth./v-ing/what(n.clause)Because+句子 7.nearly 与 almost （1）两者通用的场合。a.在肯定句中。b.修饰 all,every,always 等时。c
14、.在行为动词的否定式前时。（2）只用 almost 的场合。a.和 any,no,none,nothing,nobody,nowhere,never 等连用时。b.和 too,more than 等连用时。c.和表示感觉或心理活动的静态动词连用时。（3）只用 nearly 的场合。a.被 very,not,pretty 等修饰时。b.和具体数字连用时（nearly 常用）。8.than ever before 比以往任何时候更 在比较级结构中，副词 ever 与比较级和最高级连用，用来加强语气.ever 在不同句型中的意义：1）曾经；以前（用于疑问句）2）无论什么时候都（不）（用语否定句）3）
15、曾经（用于 if 从句）4）到底；究竟（用于特殊疑问句）5）永远；老是（用于肯定句）9.for example 同类的“一个”，用逗号隔开，可置于句首，句中和句末 such as 只能举其中一部分，不能全部举出。e up 上来,走近;被提出;发芽;升起 11.(1)even if(=even though):in spite of the fact;no matter whether 即使；尽管 是连词词组，用来引导让步状语从句；若主、从句皆表示将来情况，从句中可用一般现在时代替将来时。(2)even if 从句所说的不那么肯定。even though 从句是事实。12.So why has
16、English changed over time?over=throughout/during 13.actually=in fact=as a matter of fact 事实上，实际上 14.base on/upon 以为基础 be based on 15.close v./adj./close(adv)位置上接近 closely(adv)抽象关系上的密切 close to 相近,靠近,几乎 be close to 表状态 get close to 表动作 16.in the 1600 s=in the 1600s 17.make(good/full/no/the most/the b
17、est)use of 使用 18.a number of +可数名词复数 大量的（其后谓语动词用复数）the number of+可数名词复数 的数目（其后谓语动词用单数）The number of the students adds up to 2000 in our school.只能修饰可数名词的：a large/great/good number of,a good/great many,dozens of,scores of,quite a few 只能修饰不可数名词的：a great deal of,a large amount of,quite a little,a large
18、sum of 既可修饰可数，不可数名词的：plenty of,a lot of,lots of,a large quantity of 19.Only time will tell.时间会证明一切 tell 知道,判断 tell A from B:区分，分别 20Believe it or not.21.However,even on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way (that/in which)people speak.22.recognize=to know and remember sb/sth.one has
19、seen before.认出。从外表上辨认出，指一时性的动作 know 表示知道有这个人并认识他，在一定程度上对他有了解，指长久性的动作 I know him,but when I saw him last night,I could hardly recognize him.某事的发生而感到心烦意乱不理睬忽视对装作不知平静下来使平静涉及语从句的主语与句的主语一致时可将从句的主语和动词省去分享分担对定句疑问句条件状语从句学习必备欢迎下载过去时实义碰巧做时态用完学习必备 欢迎下载 Module 1 Unit 3 Travel journal 1.When are you leaving?Wher
20、e are you staying?用进行时表将来的动词:go,come,leave,start,begin,return,stay,play,fly,drive,sleep,reach,walking,ride,move 2.dream about=dream of sth/doing sth.dreamed/dreamt dream that realize one s dream our dream come true have a dream=dream a dream 3.It was my sister who first had the ides to.强调句：It was/is
21、+强调成分+that-/who-分句 It+be(not)+强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分 Be+it+强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分?Was it at the end of 2001 that China joined WTO?特殊疑问词+be+it+that/who+句子剩余部分?When was it that China joined WTO?4.persuade vt.说服;劝服;vi.被说服 persuade+sb.sb.of sth.使某人相信某事 sb.that clause sb.to do sth.=persuade sb.into doing sth
22、.sb.out of doing sth.=persuade sb.not to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth.=advise sb to do sth.说服未成功 5.although,though 引导让步状语从句不能再和 but,and,however 连用,但可以和副词 yet,still 连用。although 从句多放在句首,though 从句可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且 though 可以作副词用于句末，作“但是，不过”讲，而 although 无此用法。6.insist:坚持认为，坚持主张 1)insist on/upon ones
23、 doing sth 坚持做,坚决做 2)insist that+从句坚持说/认为(后表示一个事实),后接的从句用陈述语气,既按需要选择时态。3)insist that sb.(should)do sth.坚决主张做某事,后接的宾语从句常用虚拟语气 7properly(adv.)proper (adj.)finally(adv.)final (adj)8.care about:be worried about 忧虑,关心 care for sb/sth:look after,love or like希望,喜欢,照顾 9.determine v.决定,下定决心,确定 determined adj
24、.坚决的,有决心的 1)determine to do sth.（动作）2)determine+从句 3)determine+疑问词+to do 4)be determined to do sth.决心做（状态）He was determined to do it for a long time.10.change ones mind 改变某人的主意 make up ones mind 下定决心 keepin mind 记住 11.at an altitude of=at a height of 在海拔米处 attitude at 后接年龄,速度,长宽深高,价格,费用等 “在处/时,以”at
25、the age of at a high/low price at a depth/width of at the speed of at the cost of at a distance of 12.the air was would hard to breath.主语+be+adj.+to do sth.即不定式用主动形式表达被动含义 这类形容词有 surprised,moved,disappointed,pleased,happy,sad,delighted,sorry,interested,glad,worried,etc.13.give in(to sb./sth.)屈服于,让步,
26、递交 give up 放弃,认输 某事的发生而感到心烦意乱不理睬忽视对装作不知平静下来使平静涉及语从句的主语与句的主语一致时可将从句的主语和动词省去分享分担对定句疑问句条件状语从句学习必备欢迎下载过去时实义碰巧做时态用完学习必备 欢迎下载 give out 筋疲力尽；分配 give away 捐赠,泄露 14.across/through/over across 表示从一定范围的一边到另一边或事物交叉位置,“横穿,横跨”表面,含 义与 on 有关 through 表达两边穿过或穿过空间内部,含义与 in 有关 over 表示“越过”是指越过较高的物体从一侧到另一侧 The new railwa
27、y winds its way to Tibet,over mountains through tunnels and across rivers.15.as usual 16.encourage sb.to do sth.encourage sb in doing sth.encouraged/encouraging 17.To climb the mountain road was hard work but to go down the hill was great fun.fun fun U n.玩笑,乐事,有趣的事 have fun=enjoy oneself It is much/
28、great fun to do 做很有趣 18.change v.“换衣,更换”change n“零钱”get changed 换好衣服 change A for B 用换 19.make camp 扎营,宿营 go camping 去露营,去野营 make+n.+n.使 make+n.+adj.使 make+n.+do sth.使某人做某事 *被动式 be made to do sth make+n.+过去分词 20.put up 举起,抬起=raise 挂起,张贴 建造,搭起=build 住宿,留宿 put away 把收起来,存放 put back 放回原处 put down 放下,写下
29、,镇压 put forward 提出 put off 推迟,拖延 put out 扑灭,伸出 put ones heart to 全神贯注于 put an end to 使结束 21.so far 22.We can hardly wait to see them!23.for one thing,for another,.首先，其次 on the one hand,.on the other hand.24.different adj.difference n.differently adv.differ v.the difference between A and B A be diffe
30、rent from B.25.be familiar to sb.(主语是物)熟悉 be familiar with sth.(主语是人)Module 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes 1.It is always calm before a strom.2.right away=at once;in no time;immediately right now:at this very moment 3.rise raiz vi.升起,起身,增长,上升,rose-risen raise reiz vt.升起,唤起,提高,使出现,饲养,筹集,使复活 raised-raised arise
31、 raiz vi.出现,发生,起因于 arose-arisen 4.burst:to come open or fly apart suddenly burst into +n.burst out+doing burst into tears/laughter burst out crying/laughing 5.at an end be at an end 某事的发生而感到心烦意乱不理睬忽视对装作不知平静下来使平静涉及语从句的主语与句的主语一致时可将从句的主语和动词省去分享分担对定句疑问句条件状语从句学习必备欢迎下载过去时实义碰巧做时态用完学习必备 欢迎下载 at the end of 用
32、于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意;by the end of 用于表示时间的场合到结束的时候，用于过去完成时态;in the end 意思“最后、终于”。6.cut across 横穿，跨越 cut in v.插嘴,插入,cut off v.切断,断绝,剥夺继承权 cut down.v.砍倒,胜过,削减,删节 cut up v.切碎,抨击,歼灭,使丧气 cut out v.切掉,裁剪出,取代,停止 7.lay in ruins lielied lied lying 说谎 lielay lain lying 躺,平放,展现(开),位于 laylaidlaid laying vt
33、.放置,铺设,布置 vi.下蛋,打赌 ruin/destroy/damage/injure damage 指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。N.&V 用作名词时常与 to something 连用。destroy 只能用作 v.,指彻底破坏,以致不可能修复,常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解,也 可以指希望、计划等打破。ruin 则表示破坏严重,以致不能修复,但这种破坏不像 destroy 那样毁灭某物,而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时,它作“使毁灭”、“使崩溃”,“弄糟”解;用作名词时,它表示“毁灭”,“瓦解”,“废墟”等抽象概念。ruin 也有借喻的用法 8.i
34、njure:身体上,肉体上，损害健康，成就，容貌的伤害 hurt:使身体部位,精神上，感情受到伤害,造成损失 wound:刀,子弹,名声等的伤害，战场上受伤 harm:肉体或精神上的伤害，有时可指引起不安或不便，还可用于抽象事物（尤指不道德的事情）9.be shocked be trapped in 10.wonder:v.in wonder wonder to do sth./w-to do sth./at/about n.奇迹,惊奇,惊愕 It is no wonder(that)=No wonder(that)难怪 11.All hope was not lost.allnot=not
35、all,somebut not all（表示部分否定）all,both,each,every+not All of their answers were not right.=not all of their answers are right.12.dig out 13.bury vt bury oneself in=be buried in devote oneself to=be devoted to 14congratulation n.祝词,贺辞 常用复数 +on congratulate sb.on sth.15.Judging from/by=to judge by 由判断之 G
36、enerally speaking Strictly speaking Frankly speaking 16.honor n.尊敬,敬意,荣誉,光荣 vt.尊敬,给以荣誉 in honor of sb./sth.in one s honour 为了纪念/尊敬 17Prepare sth/to do sth./sb to do sth./for 准备,预备,be/get prepared for in preparation for Module 1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero 1.ask for 要求得到 ask for sb.找某人，要求见某人
37、2.be willing to do sth 乐意（自愿）做,心甘情愿做 3.be active in 积极参加 4.lose heart 丧失信心 lose one s heart 爱上某人 5.in trouble 处于不幸中，有麻烦，在监禁中 6.die for 为而死 die for 也意为“渴望，切望”（只用于进行时态）某事的发生而感到心烦意乱不理睬忽视对装作不知平静下来使平静涉及语从句的主语与句的主语一致时可将从句的主语和动词省去分享分担对定句疑问句条件状语从句学习必备欢迎下载过去时实义碰巧做时态用完学习必备 欢迎下载 7.fight(fought,fought)fight for
38、 为而战 fight with+人,国家 与并肩作战 fight against+事物 n.为反对作斗争 fight against+人,国家 和（同）斗争 =fight with 8.believe in sb.信任某人 believe sb=believe what sb says.相信某人的话 9.be free from 摆脱（不好的东西）的，无的 10.be in prison.在狱中，被监禁 putin prison=send/taketo prison=throw into prison 把投入监狱 11.The time when I first met was a very
39、difficult period of my life.This was a time when one had got to.12.advise sth (one s)doing sth.sb.to do sth.建议某人干advise sb.not to do sth=advise sb.against doing sth.sb on sth.就给某人出主意 that clause sb(should)do advice(n.)a piece of advice take sb s advice 接受某人的劝告 ask for advice on give sb.(some)advice
40、on.给某人建议 13.be+距离/时间+away 有远 14.continue to do/doing sth 15.fee 付给医生，律师，学校的费用，考试，俱乐部，入场卷收取的费用。fare（交通工具的）票价 reward 报酬，奖金 vt.酬谢，给以报答 in reward 作为报酬 16.After trying hard,I got a job in a gold mine.=after I tried hard.17.be worried about=worry about 担心 18.out of work=lose one s job 失业 （反）be in work 19.
41、The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights See 表示“见证，目睹”；(在某段时期)发生,经历,经受，主语为时间或物 The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people.20.vote 投票，参加选举，强调其过程 choose 选择,指从众多事物中挑选 选举，elect 强调选举结果 21.He has got himself into a dangerous situation wher
42、e(in which)he is likely to lose control over the plan.22.accept 主观接受 receive 客观收到 23.Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.only then 此处引起倒装句，当 only 修饰状语位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装 only 修饰主语时，句子不倒装。24.as a matter of fact=in fact 事实上 25.blow up 使充气，爆炸 blow off 吹掉，吹走 blow down 吹倒 blow out 吹灭 26.b
43、e equal to 等于，相当于 27imagine+n./doing sth./sb.+doing/that n.imagination 28.escape from sp.逃脱,避开,溜走 escape doing sth.避免 29.in one way=in a way(M2 Unit 3)=in some ways all the way 一直，一路上 by the way 顺便一提 in this way 以这种方式 in the way 妨碍 挡路 on one s/the way 在途中 in no way 绝不 No way！门儿都没有！lose one s way 迷路
44、lead the way 带头，领先 30.He taught us during the when we should have been asleep.某事的发生而感到心烦意乱不理睬忽视对装作不知平静下来使平静涉及语从句的主语与句的主语一致时可将从句的主语和动词省去分享分担对定句疑问句条件状语从句学习必备欢迎下载过去时实义碰巧做时态用完学习必备 欢迎下载 should do 应该做,一般指现在或将来的动作，指过去的动作时应站在过去的角度。should have done 表示本应该做而没有做的.站在现在的角度上评说过去的事情。asleep 是表语形容词，意为“睡着的”。sleep 是动词或
45、名词，意为“睡觉”。sleepy 是形容词，意为“打盹的”31.As they were not cleverer than me,but did pass their exam.“did pass”为强调结构，强调谓语动词时，在动词原行前加 do,does,did.eg.Do be careful!He does speak English well!I do hope you have a merry Christmas!e to power=come into power 执政,当权，上台 in power 当权，执政 33.I felt bad the first time I tal
46、ked to a group.every time，每次就immediately，the moment/minute/instant=as soon as,next time 下次.时,等起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句。I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.Next time he comes,he asks me for some money.34.set up set out to do sth=set about doing sth.着手做某事 35.be sentenced to 36.terror n.恐怖，
47、可怕的人或事 fear n.&vt.恐惧，可怕 fear+n./to do/that for fear of for fear that 担心 惟恐 37beat n.敲击，跳动 beating n.打、输 Module 2 Unit 1 Cultural relics 1.survive vt&vi 幸存 survivor(n.)幸存者 survival(n.)幸存 2.remain (1)vi.留下,遗留 (2)link-verb.后接 n.adj./介词短语/表位置的 adv.3.the rest 作主语时,根据指带对象不同,可能是单数,也可能是复数.4look into 调查 5.st
48、ate 状态,可数名词;condition 条件,复数形式表“环境,状况”;situation 指处境,局势。state 侧重于政权 country 侧重于疆土 nation 侧重于民族 6belong to 不用于进行时态和被动语态 7情态动词+have done 表示对过去发生的事情的推测、批评、反悔等意。can t/couldn t have done 不可能做过 could have done 可能做过；本来可以做（却未做）might have done 或许做过；本来或许会做 may have done 或许做过 would have done 本来要做（却未做）must have
49、done 肯定已做过（表推测）neednt have done 本来没必要做（却已做）should(nt)/ought(n t)have done 本来（不）应该做（却做了）8.gift 礼物;天赋 have a gift for sth.gifted(adj.)有天赋的 9.be used to do sth.被用来做 be used to doing 习惯于做某事（表状态）used to（do）过去常常做某事，（现在不了）get used to 表示由不习惯到习惯的变化 be used to+n./doing 表示已经习惯或已形成的状态 否定：didntt use to/usednt to
50、/used not to 一般疑问：Did use to?/Used to?某事的发生而感到心烦意乱不理睬忽视对装作不知平静下来使平静涉及语从句的主语与句的主语一致时可将从句的主语和动词省去分享分担对定句疑问句条件状语从句学习必备欢迎下载过去时实义碰巧做时态用完学习必备 欢迎下载 10.Although it feels as hard as stone,it easily melts when(it is)heated.11.Once it is heated,the amber can be made into any shape.12.The design for the room wa