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1、名词性从句高考考点透视 名词性从句几乎每年高考都要考,在各种题目中也经常出现,它也是复合句中比较难以掌握的语法内容之一,因此应切实掌握这一考点。其中名词性从句的连接词的考查是重中之重,考生如何正确理解句子的含义,选取正确的连接词,是把握好这一类题目的关键。名词性从句包括表语从句、宾语从句、主语从句和同位语从句.其关联词有that,if,whether,who,what,which,when,where,why等。一、对表语从句的考查 表语从句在句子中作表语,位于主句中的系动词之后。考例1-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?-Oh,that
2、s_.(2003北京春季)A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited 解析:上文的关键词语still thinking about yesterdays game决定必然用表语从句what makes me feel excited,表示比赛留下久久不能忘怀的印象,豪情激发,现在还在thinking;B项是泛泛而指,当然不行;C和D项内容与上下文问题无关。故答案为A.考例2-I drove to Zhuhai for the ai
3、r show last week.-Is that_ you had a few days off?(NMET1999)A.why B.when C.what D.where 解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因.这句话的意思是这就是你离开的原因吗?。故答案为A。考例3 Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats_ it takes to do anything well.(2002上海春季)A.what B.that C.which D.why 解析:what在表语从句中作takes的宾语,构成It takes sth.to do sth
4、.的句型。答案为A。二、对宾语从句的考查宾语从句在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语.如果主句的谓语动词是及物动词make,find,see,hear等,则把宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后,用it作形式宾语.另外,某些作表语的形容词,如sure,happy,glad,certain等之后也可以带宾语从句。考例4 Mr.Hall understands that_maths has always been easy for him,it is not easy for the students.(2003安徽春季)A.unless B.since C.although D.when 解析:该题考查连词在宾
5、语从句中的用法.观察题干Mr.Hall understands是主句,其后有that引导的宾语从句,可将该句简化为:_maths has always been easy for him,it is not easy for the students.分析简化后的句子可知,maths has always been easy for him与it is not easy for the students之间含有转折关系,其他选项不合题干逻辑。故答案为C。考例5 When you answer questions in a job interview,please remember the go
6、lden rule:Always give the m onkey exactly_ he wants.(2002上海春季)A.what B.which C.when D.that 解析:这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语,Always give the m onkey exactly what he wants是一句谚语,意思是永远给予他人他确实想要的东西。故答案为A。三、对主语从句的考查主语从句在从句中作主语,它可以放在主句谓语动词之前,但多数情况下由it作形式主语,而把主语从句放在主句之后。考例6 _fashion differs from country to country m
7、ay reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.(2002上海春季)A.What B.That C.This D.Which 解析:这是含有一个主语从句的句子。因为主语从句是一个完整的句子,所以要填写that。这句话的意思是国与国之间的时装差异可以从一个方面反映出其文化的差异。答案为B。考例7 _ she couldnt understand was_ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.(2000上海)A.What;why B.That;what C.What;
8、because D.Why;that 解析:答案为A。主语从句she couldnt understand缺少宾语,要用what引导。表语从句fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons是一个完整的句子,要用why引导,意思是为什么越来越少的学生对她的课感兴趣。四、对同位语从句的考查同位语从句一般跟在某些抽象名词概念的名词后面,用以说明名词所表示的具体内容,常跟同位语从句的名词主要有:idea,news,promise,answer,belief,condition,doubt,fear,hope,problem,proof,q
9、uestion,reply,report,suggestion,thought,truth等。考例8 Information has been put forward_ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.(2001上海)A.while B.that C.when D.as 解析:that引导从句作information的同位语,解释information的具体内容.这句话的意思是有消息说,有更多的中学毕业生将进入大学。由于information与同位语从句被has been put forward分隔
10、开来,增加了试题的难度。巩固练习1.Go and get your coat.Its_you left it.A.there B.where C.there were D.where there 2._he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A.What B.That C.The fact D.The manner3._ the sports meet will be held depends on the weather.A.When ever B.If C.Whether D.That 4.The problem is_ he
11、 has enough time.A.if B.whether C./D.that 5.The fact_ he didnt see Lao Li yesterday is true.A.which B.that C.when D.what6.He made a promise_ he would help me.A.what B.when C.that_ D.which 7.I remember_ this used to be a quiet village.A.how B.when C.where D.what 8._ beat Xiao Wang black and blue is n
12、ot known.A.Whom_ B.Whoever C.Who D.What9.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever10._we cant get seems better than_we have.A.What;what B.What;that C.That;that D.That;what 答案与简析:1.B.where引导表语从句,在从句中作状语,表示放东西的地点.there不能引导表语从句。2.A.wh
13、at引导主语从句,作said的宾语。3.C.whether引导主语从句,if不能引导位于句首的主语从句,A、D不合题意。4.B.whether引导表语从句,而不用if。5.B.同位语从句说明fact的具体内容,只用that引导,不能省略.不用which引导,that只起连接作用,不作句子成分。6.C.that引导同位语从句,说明promise的具体内容。7.B.when引导宾语从句,表示那时,这是个僻静的村庄。village已有quiet修饰,不能再用how引导从句,C、D不合题意。8.C.首先排除D,who引导主语从句并作从句的主语,whom不能作主语,whoever则表示无论谁,与句意不符。9.B.whatever引导宾语从句,在从句中作wants的宾语。用whichever引导,则表示任何一个,与题意不符,A、D都只能作状语。10.A.what引导主语、宾语从句,可作从句中的主语或宾语,而that引导名词性从句时在句子中不作成分。