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1、The Present Perfect Tense一.Form:1.肯定句肯定句:S(主语主语)+have/has+PP(过去过去分词分词)2.否定句否定句:S(主语主语)+have/has+not+PP(过去分词过去分词)3.疑问句疑问句Have/has+S(主语主语)+PP(过去分词过去分词)?Yes,S+have/has.No,S+have/hasnt.说明说明：助动词助动词have和和has可前面可前面的主语缩略为的主语缩略为ve,s.如如 theyve,weve,hes,its;has not=hasnthave not=havent二、二、过去过去分词的构成分词的构成1.+ed w
2、ork,plant,call2.e+d live,change,like,love,agree,save hate,move,arrive,skate,hope,use3.以重读闭音节结尾，以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字末尾只有一个辅音字母的母的 双写双写ed.如：如：plan,stop,drop,fit(适适合合),prefer(更喜欢更喜欢),travel。以。以辅音字母辅音字母y，结尾结尾，变，变y为为iedtry,study,carry,hurry,cry,worry,copy三、特征词三、特征词already(肯定句肯定句)yet(否定句和疑问句否定句和疑问句)never，ev
3、er(疑问句疑问句)just(谓语动词之前谓语动词之前)before(句末）句末）in the past/last few years,(过去几年来过去几年来)so far=up to now,till now,by nowthese dayssince/ever sincefor+时间段时间段 四、用法四、用法1.表示过去发生的某一动表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或作对现在造成的影响或结果。结果。I have already seen the film.Jim has just lost his book.四、四、2.常和表示从过去某一时刻常和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的
4、状语连延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用用.如：如：for+时间段时间段 for12 weeks/three minutessince+时间点时间点(起点起点)since 9 oclock this morningsince一段时间一段时间agofor时间时间段段;since two weeks ago=for two weeks;for a year=since a year ago;since 2000=for 4 years since+从句从句(常常用一般过用一般过去时去时)The Greens have lived in Beijing since they moved to Beiji
5、ng from Paris.时态填空：时态填空：1.-Are you sure you _(lose)the book?-Yes,I _(look)for it everywhere,but I still cant find it.have losthave looked2.We _ already _(copy)these words.havecopied3.Jim _(just,watch)a football match.He is so tired and hungry.has just watched4._you ever _(travel)on a train?Havetrave
6、lled5.-_ they _(see)the film yet?-Yes.They_(see)it already.-When_they_(see)it?-They _(see)it just now.-Haveseenhave seendidseesaw6.-_ her sister _(be)to Nanning?-No,she_(never,be)there before.Hasbeenhas never been五。瞬间动词和延续性五。瞬间动词和延续性动词的转换动词的转换open-be open;close-be closed;begin-be on;finish,end-be overbecome-be;join-be a member of be in;die-be dead;get up-be up;comearrivereachget to-be in/be here;catch a cold-have a cold,come backbe backsleep/fall asleep-be asleep;buy-have;borrow-keep;leave-be away;