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1、新人教版高中英语必修二课文原文及翻译Unit 1CULTURAL HERITAGE 文化遗产Unit 1CULTURAL HERITAGE 文化遗产Reading and thinkingFROM PROBLEMS TO SOLUTIONS从问题重重到迎刃而解Economic development is necessary if we want to improve society.There comes a time whenthe old must give way to the new,and it is not possible to preserve everything from
2、 our pastas we move towards the future.Finding and keeping the right balance between progress andthe protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.社会进步需要经济发展。新旧更替的时代已经到来,在走向未来的过程中,我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。在发展与文化遗址保护之间找到恰当的平衡点,并加以保持，这可能是一项巨大的挑战。Big challenges,however,can sometimes lead to great solutio
3、ns.In the 1950s,the Egyptiangovernment wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order to control floods,produceelectricity,and supply water to more farmers in the area.But the proposal led to protests.Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relicsthat were
4、 an important part of Egypts cultural heritage.Af ter listening to the scientists whohad studied the problem,and citizens who lived near the dam,the government turned to theUnited Nations for help in 1959.然而，巨大的挑战有时候会带来伟大的解决方案。二十世纪五十年代,埃及政府打算在尼罗河上新建一座大坝,可以防洪、发电,并为该地区更多的农民供水。但是,该提案引发了抗议。因为大坝泄流可能会损坏许多
5、寺庙,摧毁一批文物,而这些文物是埃及文化遗产的重要组成部分。埃及政府在听取了研究该问题的科学家以及大坝附近居民的意见后,于 1959 年向联合国寻求帮助。A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the lossof cultural relics.The group asked for contributions from different departments and raisedfunds within the international community.Ex
6、perts investigated the issue,conducted severaltests,and then made a proposal for how the buildings could be saved.Finally,a documentwas signed,and the work began in 1960.委员会成立了,旨在减少对那些建筑物的破坏,并防止文物损失。该委员会请求各个部门予以支持,并在国际范围内筹集资金。专家们经过调查研究,多次试验,提出了一个保住那些建筑的方案。最终,(埃及政府)签署了一份文件,于 1960 年开始动工。The project br
7、ought together governments and environmentalists from around the world.Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece,and then moved and putback together again in a place where they were safe from the water.In 1961,Germanengineers moved the first temple.Over the next 20 years,thousa
8、nds of engineers andworkers rescued 22 temples and countless cultural relics.Fifty countries donated nearly$80million to the project.该项目集聚了来自世界各地的政府机构和环保人士。人们将寺庙和其他文化遗址逐块拆解，运至一个不受河水侵袭的安全地带,再按原样复原。1961 年,德国工程师搬迁了第一座寺庙。在随后的二十年里,数千名工程师和工人拯救了 22 座寺庙和不计其数的文物。50 个国家向1该项目捐赠了近 8 千万美元。When the project ended
9、in 1980,it was considered a great success.Not only had thecountries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past,but they hadalso learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.1980 年该项目完工时,被视为一个巨大的成功。这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路,而且明白了
10、多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today.Perhaps the best example is shown byUNESCO,which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around theworld from disappearing.If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation,the globalcommunity can somet
11、imes provide a solution.阿斯旺大坝工程的精神今日尚存。能体现这种精神的最好的例子或许就是联合国教科文组织;该组织有一项计划,旨在防止全球各地世界文化遗产的消失。如果一个问题对某一个国家来说难度太大,那么国际社会有时可为其提供一个解决方案。Reading for writingPROMOTING CULTURE THROUGH DIGITAL IMAGES 通过数码图像推广文化Lanzhou,9 August 2017.A group of researchers and scientists from China and othercountries are worki
12、ng together to help increase knowledge and appreciation of Chinasancient cultural heritage.They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relicsfrom the Mogao Caves,which were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout Chinasancient history.Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photograph
13、s have been produced sincethe international project started in 1994.(兰州,2017 年 8 月 9 日)一支由中国及其他国家的研究人员和科学家组成的科研团队,正在通力合作,旨在加强人们对中国古代文化遗产方面的认识与鉴赏力。团队成员正在记录和收集莫高窟文物的数码图像;莫高窟在中国古代历史上是丝绸之路上的一个关键站点。1994 年该国际项目启动以来,团队已经制作了近 50 万张高质量的数码照片。The Mogao Caves have long been a meeting point for different culture
14、s and are part of thehistory of many countries.Today,the caves are just as international as they were at the timewhen people travelled the Silk Road.Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to seethe caves,and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the cavesand painting
15、s for people to admire in America.长期以来,莫高窟一直是多元文化的交汇点,反映着不同国家的历史文化。今天,这些洞窟的国际地位可与当年人们在丝绸之路上跋涉的时候相提并论。来自世界各地的游客纷纷造访敦煌、欣赏洞窟;位于洛杉矶的盖蒂博物馆甚至复制了这些洞窟和壁画的照片,供人们在美国欣赏。By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet,the group hopes to promote even widerinterest around the world in Chinas ancient history,c
16、ulture,and traditions.They also hope tofurther educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics forfuture generations to understand and appreciate.As one researcher who is working on theprojectexplains,“Appreciatingonesownculturalheritageisveryimportantforunderstandin
17、g oneself.Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is veryimportant for international communication and understanding.”这些科学家和研究者在网络上分享了大量(有关莫高窟的)电子照片,希望在世界范围内使人2们对中国古代历史和文化习俗产生更广泛的兴趣。团队还希望进一步教育大众认识保护历史和文化遗产以供后代了解和欣赏的重要性。正如一位从事该项目的研究人员所解释的:“欣赏本国文化遗产,有助于了解我们自己;欣赏他国文化遗产,有助于增进国际交流和理解。”Unit
18、2Unit 2 WILD PROTECTIONWILD PROTECTION 野生动物保护野生动物保护Reading and thinkingA DAY IN THE CLOUDS在云间度过的一天The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp.To our left,snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch.Onthe plain in front of us,w
19、e can just make out a herd of graceful animals.This is whywerehereto observe Tibetan antelopes.由于空气稀薄，在离开营地的短途徒步旅行中，我们不得不多次休息。在我们的左边，白雪皑皑的山脉消失在似乎触手可及的云层中。放眼平原，我们隐约看到一群体形优美的动物。这就是我们来这里的原因-观察藏羚羊。Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet,Xinjiang,and Qinghai.Watching them moveslowly across the gree
20、n grass.I m struck by their beauty.Im also reminded of the dangerthey are in.They are being hunted,illegally,for their valuable fur.藏羚羊生活在西藏、新疆和青海的平原上。看着它们缓缓穿过绿色的草，。我被它们的美丽所震撼，也想起了它们所处的险境。因其珍贵的羊毛，它们正遭受非法猎杀。My guide is Zhaxi,a village from Changtang.He works at the Changtang National NatureReserve.Th
21、e reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet.To Zhaxi,the land is sacred and protecting the wildlife is a way of life.“Were not trying to save theanimals,”he says.“Actually,were trying to save ourselves.”我的向导是羌塘的一位村民扎西。他在羌塘国家级自然保护区工作。该保护区是西藏西北地区动植物的庇护所。对于扎西来说，这片土地是神圣的，保护野生
22、动植物是一种生活方式。“我们不是在拯救动物。”他说到，“事实上，我们是在拯救自己。”The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope.The population dropped bymore than 50 percent.Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits.Their habitats werebecoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.对于藏羚羊来说，上个世纪 80 年代和 90 年代是一个悲惨的
23、时代。藏羚羊的数量减少了 50以上。猎人为了赚钱而射杀羚羊。随着新公路和铁路的修建，它们的栖息地也不断缩小。In order to save this species from extinction,the Chinese government placed it undernational protection.Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night tokeep them safe from attacks.Bridges and gates were added to let the ante
24、lopes move easilyand keep them safe from cars and trains.为了使这个物种免于灭绝，中国政府将其置于国家保护之下。扎西和其他志愿者昼夜守卫着羚羊，保护它们免受攻击。新增的一些桥梁和涵洞，便于藏羚羊自由穿行，防止他们撞上汽车和火车。The measures were effective.The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015,theTibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list.The govern
25、ment,however,does not intend to stop the protection programmes,since the threats to the Tibetanantelope have not yet disappeared.这些措施效果明显。藏羚羊的数量已经恢复。2015 年 6 月，藏羚羊从濒危物种名单中被剔3除。然而，政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目，因为对藏羚羊的威胁依然存在。In the evening,I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars.I think about the antelopes and wha
26、tZhaxi told me.Much is being done to protect wildlife,but if we really want to save the planet,we must change our way of life.Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can westop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.夜晚时分，我喝着茶，仰望星空。我想起了藏羚羊以及扎西对我说的那番话。为了保护野生动物，我们已经做了很多工作，但是如果我们真想拯救地球，
27、就必须改变我们的生活方式。只有学会与大自然和睦共处，我们才不会成为野生动植物和地球的威胁。Reading for writingGive Ugly a Chance!给难看的动物一个机会！When it comes to wildlife protection,all species the good,the bad,and the ugly shouldbe treated equally.Pandas,dolphins,and other cute wildlife are important,but we must payattention to less cute animals,to
28、o.The world needs all kindswithout variety,our planetcannot survive.So if you want the future to be beautiful,you have to give ugly a chance.谈到野生动物保护，所有物种好的、坏的、丑的都应得到平等对待。熊猫、海豚和其他可爱的野生动物固然很重要，但我们也必须关注那些不那么可爱的动物。世界需要万物没有多样性，我们的地球就无法生存。所以如果你想让未来变得美丽，你必须给难看的动物一个机会。Dont Make Paper with My Home!不要用我的家来造纸
29、！Billions of trees are being cut down every year to make paper for humans.Every tree that iscut down is a part of the habitat of animals such as these koalas.In this way a lot of animalhomes are being destroyed!Is it right to make animals homeless so that humans can havemore paper?每年,数十亿棵树木遭到砍伐,用于人类
30、造纸。每棵被砍伐的树木都是诸如考拉等动物栖息地的一部分。砍树造纸推毁了众多动物的家园!为了让人类有更多的纸张,就让动物无家可归,这样做对吗?Unit 3 THE INTERNETUnit 3 THE INTERNET互联网互联网Reading and thinkingSTRONGER TOGETHER:HOW WE HAVE BEEN CHANGEDBY THE INTERNET团结起来力量大:互联网如何改变了我们Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.There are countlessarticles t
31、elling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient.We no longer haveto wait in line or carry cash around when we go shopping.We can get the most updatedinformation from large databases.We can download software,documents,and imageswhenever we need them.But the Internet has done much more f
32、or people than simply make4life more convenient.Peoples lives have been changed by online communities and socialnetworks.关于万维网奇妙之处的著述浩如烟海。讲述互联网如何使我们的生活变得更加方便的文章数不胜数。购物的时候,我们不再需要排队等候,也不需要随身携带现金。我们可以从大型数据库中获得最新的信息。在任何需要的时候,我们可以下载软件、文档和图片。然而,互联网为人们做的事情还很多,并不仅仅是让生活变得更加方便而已。在线社区和社交网络已改变了人们的生活。Jan Tchaman
33、i,an English teacher in Birmingham,UK,suddenly developed a serious illnessand had to quit her job.At age 50,she found herself out of work and stuck at home withonly her computer to keep her company.After a while,she discovered that surfing theInternet could help her feel less lonely and bored.She co
34、uld listen to music,watch films,playgames,and explore the world.She also joined an online group where she could talk abouther problems and get support and advice from others.She realised that one of the greatestbenefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance that usually exists betwe
35、enpeople.英国伯明翰的一位英语教师简夏曼尼突然身患重病,被迫辞去工作。50 岁时,她发觉自己失业了,困在家里,只有电脑相伴。过了一阵子,她发现上网可以帮助她减轻孤独和无聊。她可以听音乐,看电影,玩游戏,探索世界。她还加入了一个在线群组;在群里,她可以谈论自己的问题,获得其他人的支持和建议。她意识到互联网的最大好处之一就是能够消除通常存在于人和人之间的距离感。She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club toteach older people how to us
36、e computers and the Internet.She and her friends noworganise events and collect money to pay for private teachers.Many people have beenhelped by the club.A 59-year-old man learnt how to apply for work online and found agreat job.Now that he works and can take care of himself,his daughter has time to
37、 study atuniversity.A 61-year-old woman who was living alone has started a small online companytogether with two friends.She no longer feels lonely,and her company has become quitesuccessful.她受到网友的启发,决定成立一个俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。如今,她与朋友们一起组织各种活动,并为(俱乐部)私人教师的工资筹集资金。许多人得到了俱乐部的帮助。一位59 岁的男子学会了如何在网上申请工作,
38、而且找到了一份不错的工作。由于他有事情可做,并能够照顾好自己,他的女儿就有时间上大学了。一位 61 岁的独居妇女与两位朋友一起创办了一家小型网络公司。她不再感到孤独,而且她的公司也相当成功。Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to makesociety better.She believes that it is highly important to bridge the digital divide and makesure that everyone has
39、access to the Internet and knows how to use new technology.Hernext goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.简开始参加网络课程,更多地学习如何利用互联网让社会变得更加美好。她认为,消除数字鸿沟、确保每个人都能使用互联网并且知晓如何运用新技术,是非常重要的。她的下一个目标是创建一个慈善网站,为贫穷国家的儿童募捐。Jans life has been greatly improved by the Interne
40、t.“When you go through tough times,youmeet others who are facing similar challenges,”Jan says.“Thinking about other peoplessituations inspired me to offer help.”简的生活因互联网而得到了极大的改善。“当你身处逆境时,你会遇到面临相似挑战的人。”5简说道,“想到别人的处境,我就会受到激励,伸出援助之手。”Reading for writingToday I thought Id blog about a question that has
41、 been asked many timeshow do youstay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?Im not an expert,but manyyears as a blogger have taught me a thing or two.今天,我想写篇博客谈谈一个多次被问到的问题如何才能安全上网,避免在互联网上遇到不愉快呢?我并非专家,但身为博主多年,我已学会了一两招。First of all,theres the golden rule of the Internet:If you see or re
42、ad something that makesyou feel uncomfortable,leave the site immediately.Dont post comments or click onanything.Second,protect your privacy.Dont give out your address or phone number.Someone might use the information to steal your identity.Identity theft is a common andserious problem.Third,be polit
43、e.Being online is no excuse for beingrude,and you dontwant to become a target for a troll or cyberbully.A troll is a person who posts comments orquestions in order to stir up trouble online.Trolls often use several false names so that theycan stay on a site.A cyberbully uses the Internet to be mean
44、to others.Like a troll,acyberbully will also write something mean but it is usually directed at particular people.He orshe may also post embarrassing photos and information about those people.However,themore polite you are,the less likely it is you will be attacked.首先,互联网的黄金法则是:如果你的所见所读让你反感,立即退出该网站。
45、不要发表评论,也不要点击任何东西。其次,保护你的隐私。不要透露你的地址或电话号码。有人可能会利用这些信息来窃取你的身份。身份盗窃是一个普遍而严重的问题。最后,要有礼貌。上网不是行为粗鲁的借口,而且你也不想成为网络挑事者或网络恶霸的目标。网络挑事者就是在网上张贴评论或问题以挑起事端的人。为了长期待在一个网站上,网络挑事者经常使用多个假名。网络恶霸使用互联网来欺负别人。与网络挑事者一样,网络恶霸也会写一些恶意的东西,但通常是针对特定的人。网络恶霸也可能在网上发一些照片和信息,让这些人感到尴尬。然而,你越有礼貌,你被攻击的可能性就越小。Have you had any bad experiences
46、 online,or do you have some good advice for staying safe?Post your comments below!你在网上有过不愉快的经历吗?或是你有什么安全上网的好建议?请在下面发表你的评论！Boy579Last year,we were having problems in our chat room.Mean comments were being postedby someone we didnt know.I think he or she was only trying to make trouble.男孩 57去年,我们聊天室出了
47、一些问题。有个我们不认识的人发了一些恶意的评论。我觉得这家伙是想捣乱。AmyA girl at my school had a very bad experience online.A photo of her had been posted onlineand she was being made fun of.It seemed like a joke at first,but the girl was very upset.艾米我们学校的一个女生在网上有过不愉快经历。她的一张照片被传到网上,被人嘲弄。刚开始虽然像是在开玩笑,但是这个女生十分不快。6Unit 4 HISTORY AND T
48、RADITIONSUnit 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS 历史与传统历史与传统Reading and thinkingWHATS IN A NAME?名为何物？The United Kingdom,Great Britain,Britain,Englandmany people are confused by whatthese different names mean.So what is the difference between them,if any?Getting to knowa little bit about British history will he
49、lp you solve this puzzle.联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰这些不同的名称是何意思、许多人感到困惑。那么如果这些名称有区別的话,区别何在?稍微了解一下英国历史,就可以帮助你解开这个谜题。In the 16th century,the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.Later,in the 18th century,the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of GreatBritain.In the 19th cen
50、tury,the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdomof Great Britain and Ireland.Finally,in the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland brokeaway from the UK,which resulted in the full name we have today:the United Kingdom ofGreat Britain and Northern Ireland.Most people just use the