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1、写作高分必备（亲，衔接词是考研高分必备，是文章层次分明，逻辑性强的体现，请亲们一定记得要用在自己的作文练习中,并在写作中练习使用暑期强化班曹其军老师作文高分句型：并列，分词，独立主格，强调，形式主语，倒装，插入语等）A.衔接词一、表列举first of all 第一点 to begin with 首先 in the first（second）place 第一（二）点 last but not least（最后）for one thing,for another 首先，其次二.表举例for instance 例如 for example 例如 such as 例如take.as example
2、把.当成例子 a case in point 例证namely 即 a case in point 个 彳 列 子 是 consider,考虑下 to illustrate my point ,为说明我的观点三.表增补furthermore此外，而且 moreover而且 beyond that除此之外in addition 另 夕 卜 what is more 并且 besides 而且，另外四、表原因since+句子因为 because+句子 因为 because of+短语/名词for+句子/短语 因为 owing t o 归因于 result from 归因于due to 因为 on
3、account of 因为 as a result of 因为on the ground of 基于此 in that 因为 in view of 由于五、表时间at the same time 同时 as soon as.就.lately 最近 meanwhile 同时 in the meantime 同时 eventually 最终finally 最后 from this time on 从此刻开始 all of a sudden 突然in the end 最后 at present目前,现在六、表空间close to 临近 close at hand 在附近 in the middle
4、of 在中间in the centre of 中间 in the distance 在远处 at the bottom 在远处on the left（right）在左（右）边 beyond 在远处 next to 紧挨着 opposite to 在对面/on the opposite side of beneath 在 下面七、表重复in other words 换句话说 to put it another way,换句话说 no doubt 无疑even worse更糟糕的是as is mentioned above正如上文所说as I have said above 正如我之前说过的 as
5、 has been pointed out(noted)正像指出的那样八、表结果therefore因此,所以as a consequence 结果hence因此，所以as a result 结果 accordingly 因此consequently 因 止 匕 in consequence 结果thus因此 under these conditions在这种情况下九、表总结to sum u p 总结一下 in summary总之 in short简单地说in brief简言之 in conclusion总结来说 all in a ll总之the conclusion can be drawn
6、that 可得出这个结论 in a word 总之十、表对比unlike 不同于,whereas 相 反 on the contrary 相 反 different from与.不同 by contrast with 与.相反 instead(of).相反on the other hand(不是递进关系，eg On the one hand theyd love to have kids,but on the other,they doiTt want to give up their freedom一方面他们想要孩子，但另一方面，他们又不想放弃自由自在的生活。)十一、表比较similarly
7、/likewise 同样地 in the same vein 相同地 in the same way 同样的方式 compared with 与.相比 in comparison with 与.相比like(prep.)像 equally important同等重要的是in a like manner以同样的方式十二.表强调especially尤其，特别 particularly尤其，特 别 地 certainly当然indeed确 实 without d o u b t不容置疑surely无 疑 above a ll最重要的是most important of all 最重要的是 but f
8、or 要不是 as a matter of fact 事实上actually 实际上 in fact in particularly 特别是 undoubtedly 无疑 needless to say十 三、表转折however然 而 nevertheless然而，不过 nonetheless虽然如此，但 是 except除T十四、表让步although(conj.+句 子)despite/in spite of(prep.+短语/名词)尽管 after all 毕竟even if 即使 for all that+句子尽管 even though 即使 while 即使B.词汇通用同义词增强
9、表达的多样性admitV.承认confess;acknowledge;concedeboomV.兴旺，繁荣flourish;thrive;prosperbuildV.建立establish;erectcauseV.导致lead to;bring about;result in;spark off;conduce to;induce;generateclaimV.宣称allege;assert;declareclearV.消除eliminate;remove,take away,smooth awaycompleteV.实现，获得accomplish;achieve;obtain;attain;
10、acquire;gain;reach;fulfillconsistV.构成，组建，占 comprise;constitute;compose;occupy;hold;take up;account for;make upcoverV.掩盖mask;veil;conceal;obscurecultivateV.培养foster;nurturedevelopV.发展advance;progresseaseV.减轻alleviate;relieve;decrease;reduce;lessen;releaseenlargeV.扩大enrich;increase;broaden;expand;wide
11、nexaggerateV.夸大overstate;overrate;overestimateexpressV.表达convey;voicefallV.下降decline;decrease;drop;go down;reduce;slumpforeseeV.预见forecast;foretell;predict;anticipategrowV.增长，提高rise;raise;increase;go up;climb;ascend;boostharmV.损害hurt;damage;impair;undermineheightenV.增强enhance;reinforce;strengthen;in
12、crease;enforcehinderV.阻碍hamper;stunt;impedeimproveV.加强，提高enhance;promote;strengthenlimitV.限制，约束ban;bar;curb;restrict;restrain;constrict;constrainmeetV.满足satisfy;suit;fill;fulfill;accommodateperformV.开展，进行conduct;undertakepreserveV.保护conserve,protect,shield;shelter;safeguardregardV.看作consider,view;co
13、nceive;perceiverejectV.反对disapprove;disagree;object;opposeruinV.毁坏devastate;destroy通用同义词短语增强表达的多样性thinkV.认为hold,believe,maintaintriggerV.引起arouse;stimulate;spark;provoke;generate;fuel;inspireunderstandV.理解appreciate;comprehend;apprehenduseV.利用employ;utilize;exploit;harness;capitalize;applyadvantagen
14、.优点，好处merit;superiority;virtue;strengthdisadvantagen.缺点，不利条件defect;fault;drawback;downside;weaknessdutyn,责任obligation;responsibility;liabilityeducationn.教育schoolingjobn.职业career;profession;vocationkidn.孩子child;offspring;descendantopinionn.观点，视角view;standpoint;perspectivereasonn.原因factor;causerelatio
15、nshipn.联系connection;association;linkrivaln.对手competitor;opponentaboutad.大约，大概around;approximately;almost;nearly;roughly;dramaticallyad.急剧地drastically;sharply;steeplyhugelyad.巨大地enormously;vastly;considerably;substantially;radically;significantlymarkedlyad.显著地remarkably;noticeably;strikinglytherefore
16、ad.因此thus;hence;consequently;accordinglyabundanta.丰富的plentiful;ample;well-suppliedattractivea.吸引人的appealing;charming;magneticbiga。大的large;massive;enormous;tremendous;considerabledifficulta.艰巨的arduous;heavyhardworkinga.勤奋的diligent;industriousimportanta.重要的significant;crucial;vital;necessaiya.必须的indis
17、pensable;irreplaceableobviousa.明显的clear;evident;manifest;apparent;self-evidentpoora.贫穷的impoverished;poverty-strickenpopulara.流行的，普遍的prevailing;prevalent;widespreadricha.富裕的wealthy;affluent;well-offusefula.有益的helpful;beneficial;rewarding;advantageous许多，大量a wide range of;a variety of;a host of;the vas
18、t majorityof;a considerable proportion of;an enormous numberof除之 外（不包括在内）except for,with the exception of;other than;nothing but除之 外（包括在内）besides;beyond,in addition to;apart from相当于，实际上是amount to;be equivalent to越来越be increasingly/progressively.;more and more;be onthe rise因为，由于as a result of,by virt
19、ue of;on the grounds of;due to;owing to;thanks to来自于，产生于arise from,come from;evolve from,spring from,resultform,be derived from;stem from;grow out of必定be doomed to sth,be bound to do sth无论，不管regardless of;irrespective of;without regard of只要as(so)long as;provided与其说.不如说；是.而不是more.th an;not so much.as
20、;less.than;rather than;as opposed to;instead of;in place of更不用说much less;let alone;not to mention更糟的是to make.worse;worse still于.相比compared with;as against;in comparison to关于，对于with regard to;with respect to;with reference to;asregards;in the case of;when it comes to;as far as.beconcerned;as to;in te
21、rms of以办法in a.fashion;in a.manner;in a.way变成change.into;con vert.into;turn.into;translate.into产生影响exert.influence on.;wield a great influence over;have an effect on;have a great impact on参加join in;get involved in;engage in;participate in,takepart in强调，重视place great emphasis on;put much stress on;und
22、erlinethe importance;attach much significance to;givesufficient weight to;place an enormous premium to吸引attract ones attention to sth;bring sth to ones notice;absorb ones attention发生，出现come about;set in,;spring up给予，提供provide sb with sth;furnish sb with sth;present sb withsth;supply sb with sth致力于de
23、dicate oneself to sth;devote oneself to sth;applyoneself to sth;commit oneself to sth增加show an increase in sth;there is an enormous increase;experience the growth of渴望aspire to sth;long for sth;crave for sth;be hunger forsth;be thirsty for sth;have an appetite for sth;沉溺于be addicted to sth,;be caugh
24、t up in sth全神贯注put ones mind to sth;give ones mind to sth;be absorbed通用句型和词汇的替换增强表达的多样性in sth;deeply immerse oneself in sth目的是for the purpose of doing;aim at sth;be intend to;bemeant to;be designed to;be calculated to;be oriented to尽力，努力try ones best to do sth;do everything one can;spare nopains to
25、do;take great pains to do;make every effort todo sth;make determined attempts to do sth取得进步make a great advance in sth;make huge progress in;make enormous strides in;make significant gains in;make a big step in就某人来看in ones view;in ones opinion;in ones mind;in oneseyes;it seems to one that;on the par
26、t of sb;from thestandpoint of;from the perspective of;from theviewpoint of起作用play an essential role in;take a great role in缺少be devoid of;be lacking in;there be a shortage of;beshort of充满be littered with;be filled with;be riddled with;becrowded with;be thronged with;be flooded with认识到be aware of;be
27、conscious of;be cognizant of;come to arealization of扎根于，牢记etch in;be firmly rooted in,be ingrained in,beembedded in;be implanted in;take root in斗争fight for;strive for;battle for;struggle against;wage afight付出代价pay a heavy price for;at the cost of;at the expense of同样适用于the same is true of;the same ap
28、plies to so it goes with多样表达“可能”(1)用形容词表达probable,likely,possible(2)用副词表达probably,possible,perhaps(3)用句型表达.may well do./There is a possibilitythat.不肯定语气(1)用动词表达seem,appear,wonder(2)用短语表达or so,more or less(3)用句型表达Its hard to say./According to sbsestimate.“反对”(1)用动词表达oppose,object(2)用短语表达be opposed to
29、 sth(3)用句型表达There is an oppositionobjection to doing sth用词的灵活性词语普通名词含义活用动词含义例句address地址v t.设 法 解It is time we addressed ourselves to the main决，处理item on the agenda.现在我们该把注意力集中到议事日程上的主要项目上来了。air空气vt.公开表明to air ones view fully 充分发表意见attack攻击v t.奋 力 处理，全力对付to attack the unemployment problem 充 分 由 星决失业问
30、题back后背vt.支持to back a plan支持-一 项计划balance平衡，天平vt.比较，权衡to balance the agonies against the advantages权衡痛苦和好处（2）vt.同等重视to balance home life and career 兼顾家庭生活和事业beat（动词的 过 去 式beat,过去分词敲击 vt.（在比赛 或 竞 赛中）打败（某人）He beat me at chess.他下棋赢了我(2)vt.控制The governments main aim is to beatinflation.政府的主要目标是抑制通货膨胀bit
31、e咬vt.产生不良影响The recession is beginning to bite.经济衰退开始产生不良的影响。black黑色vt.抵制，拒绝The unions have blacked all imports from thecountry.工会拒绝处理从这个国家进所有的货物。blow猛击，打击v t挥 霍（金钱）.to blow all the money on drink and gambling.把钱全部挥霍在饮酒和赌博上。,Vt.浪 费（机会）to blow ones chance 错过机会boss老板v t.发 号 施令，控制Hes always bossing his
32、wife about.彳 也,总 是呼来唤去的指使他的妻子brace筛，支架vt.做准备，防备to brace oneself for a long battle 为漫长的斗争做准备bridge桥梁vt.连接，沟通The difference between our two cultures canbe brigade if we continue to communicate.如果我们继续交流，那么我们两种文化的差异就会消融brook小溪vt.允许，容忍to brook no delay 刻不容缓bubble气泡v t.洋 溢 着（某 种 感情）to bubble over with exc
33、itement 兴奋不 已budget预算vt.（为某种）存钱，编预算If we budget carefully,well be able to afforda new car.我们精打细算就能买辆新汽车了。cake蛋糕Vt.覆盖His shoes were caked with mud.她的鞋上沾满厚厚的泥。cap帽子vt.限额、约束Even the state television channels have seentheir spending capped by the government.至连国家电视频道也被政府限制了花销。cement水泥，胶合剂vt.加强,巩固Egypts l
34、eadership in the Arab world wascemented.埃及巩固了在阿拉伯世界的领导地位。chill寒冷vt.使恐惧，吓唬His words chilled her.他的话是他不寒而栗。colour颜色v t.（尤指负面地）影响This incident coloured her while life.这件事影响她的一生。corner角落vt.使走投无路The escaped prisoner was cornered at last.逃犯最终走投无路。court法庭vt.招致，导致court failure/defeat/death 导致挫折/失败/死亡crack裂缝
35、，爆裂严v t.找到解决的方法to crack the enemys code破译敌人的密码vt.阻止，战胜to crack all opposition 冲破一切反对crown王冠vt.使圆满，使完美Their efforts were finally crowned withsuccess.他们的努力最终取得圆满成功。dawn黎明vt.变 得 明朗，开始清楚Slowly the awful truth dawned.可怕的事实慢慢地清晰起来。dog狗vt.困扰，纠缠be dogged by bad health 受疾病折磨edge边缘vt.略为增加Prices edged up 2%in
36、the year to December.到十二月份为止的年度价格上涨了 2%esteem尊重vt.把 看作，认为She was esteemed the perfect novelist.他被认为是最完美的小说家。exercise活动，练习vt.行使,运用to exercise the right to remain silent 行使保持沉默的权力eye眼睛vt.注视，审视，细看To eye sb curiously好奇的注视着某人filter过滤器v t.（消息，信息）慢慢传开，走漏More details about the crash are filteringthrough.困难的
37、进一步详情慢慢传开了。fire火vt.激发激励to fire ones imagination 激发想象力flag旗帜vt.疲乏,热情，衰减My strength/interest/enthusiasm is flagging.我的力气/兴趣/热情等正在消减。flesh肉，皮肤vt.以信息.充实These points were flesh out in the later partsof the speech.这点在演讲的最后部分已得到充实。float漂浮物vt.提出to float the idea of increased taxes o alcohol建议提高酒税frame框架v t.
38、（以某种方式）表达Youll have to be careful how you frame thequestion.如果提出这个问题，你得慎重。fuel燃料vt.增加，刺激to fuel speculation 引起猜测glimpse一撇,-看vt.开始领悟She glimpsed the truth about her sister.她开始了解她姐姐的事实情况。goose鹅vt.推动,促进，鼓励to goose newsstand sales 刺激报摊销售green绿色vt.使重视环保问题an attempt to green industry bosses 使企业老板重视环保的努力。h
39、arbour港口vt.怀 有（反面感情）To harbour a grudge against sb 对某人，怀有怨恨 inch英寸vt.谨慎移动He inched the car forward.他开着车小心地缓缓前行。He inched through the narrowpassage.他慢慢地穿过狭窄的通道。lock锁vt.陷入，卷入to be locked into a bitter dispute 陷入激烈的争论map地图vt.了解/提供信息to map the functions of brain 了 解大脑的功能mushroom蘑菇vt.迅速增长Demand mushroome
40、d overnight.要求在一夜之间猛增。nail指甲vt.揭露，揭发to nail to lie揭穿谎言nurse护士vt.怀有，心藏to nurse to ambition 心怀壮志ring戒指vt.充满His words rang with pride.他的话充满了骄傲。shore海岸vt.支撑，稳住The measures were aimed at shoring up theeconomy.采取这些行动，目的在于稳定经济。shoulder肩膀vt.承担,肩负She wont shoulder all the blame for themistake.他不应为此错误承担所有指责。s
41、ock短袜vt.损害The banks are socking customers with highercharges.银行提高手续费，损害了客户的利nil osolider士兵v t.（不畏苦难）勇往直前地工作等The walkers soldiered on although theweather was terrible.尽管天气恶劣，但竞走运动员还是勇敢地继续前行。stamp邮票vt.显不，表明Their faces were stamped with hostility.他们的神情充满敌意。英语作文中必备的替换精髓词汇top顶端（1）vt.多出Worldwide sales loo
42、k set to top$1 billion.全球销售额看起来和可能要超过10亿元。（2）vt.居之首The band topped the charts for five weekswith their best single.这支乐队的第一张单曲唱片有五个星期高居排行榜榜首。(3)vt.胜于，优于He topped his previous-best performance,coming second in the 100 meters.他超过了以往最好的表现，在百米赛跑中获得第二名。1.important（crucial,significant 重要的）mon（universal,ubi
43、quitous 普遍的）3.abundant（ample,plentiful 丰富的）4.stick to（adhere to,cling to 坚持）5.accurate（precise,exact 精确的）6.vague（obscure 模糊的）7.top（peak,summit 达到最高点）petitor（rival,opponent 对手）9.blame（condemn 责备）10.opinon（perspective,standpoint 观点）11.fame（prestige,reputation 名声）12.build（erect,establish 建 立）13.insult（
44、humiliate 羞辱）14.primary（radical,fundamental 基本的）15.relieve（alleviate 缓解）16.force（compel 强 迫）17.enlarge（magnify 扩大）plex（intricate 复杂的）19.lonely（solitary 孤独的）2O.smaH（minute 微小的）21.praise（extol,compliment 赞美）22.hard-working（assiduous 勤勉的）23.fragile（brittle,vulnerable 脆 弱 的）24.show（demonstrate 显示）25.big
45、（massive,tremendous 巨大的）26.avoid（shun 避免）27.fair（impartial 公平的）28.attack（assault 攻击）29.ruin（devastate 毁 坏）3O.always（invariably 总是）31.forever（perpetual 永远）32.surprise（startle,astound,astonish 使震惊）33.enthusiasm（zeal 热情）34.boring（tedious 乏味的）35.respect（esteem 尊敬）36.cold（chilly,icy）37.nowadays（currently
46、）38.only（unique,distinctive 独一无二的）39.stop（cease 停止）4O.part（component 成分）41.result（consequence 结果）42.obvious（apparent,manifest 明显的）43.appear（emerge 浮现）44.whole（entire 整体的）45.ability（capacity,capability 能力）46.rich（affluent 富裕的）47.use（utilize 利用）48.dubious（skeptical 怀疑的）49.attractive（appealing,absorbin
47、g 吸引人的，有趣的）5O.unbelievable（inconceivable 不可思议的）51.puzzle=perplex（使困惑）52.method（avenue 途径）53.famous（distinguished 著名的）54.so（consequently,accordingly 结果，所以）55.rare（infrequent 稀少的）热点话题词汇一、人类永恒话题（成功和失败）人类永恒话题（情感）1.accomplish v.实现、完成2.accomplishment n.完成，成就3.achieve v.完成，实现4.acquire v.取得、获得5.advance提高6.b
48、ear full responsibility for承担全部责任7.conquer v.攻克，征服8.draw a lesson吸取教训9.fruit n.成果10.reverse the trend扭转局势11.setback n.挫折12.shift the blame onto推卸责任13.surmount v.战胜解决1.admire v.欣赏、赞赏2.affection n.喜爱、情谊3.antipathy n.憎恶4.anxiety n.焦虑5.appreciate v.感激6.attached to依恋7.cherish v.珍惜8.convey v.抒发，表达9.despis
49、e v.鄙视10.disturbed a.不安11.enthusiasm n.热情12.endure v.忍受13.envious a.羡慕14.esteem n./v.尊敬，敬重15.express v.表达16.favorable impression好感17.grieved a.伤心、痛心18.indifferent a.冷漠、漠不关心19.indulge v.沉溺于、纵容20.inspire v.激励21.mood n.情绪22.peaceful a.恬静、平静23.restrain v.克制24.stimulate v.激励25.suppress v.抑制26.tolerate v.
50、忍受27.treasure v.珍爱28.zeal n.热心，热情29.touch v.使感动30.uncertain a.不安人类永恒话题（愿望和幸彳得）人类永恒话题（修养品行）1.ambition n.抱负，野心2.aspiration n.志向、抱负3.circumstantial factors环境因素4.contribute to有助于5.desire v./n.渴望，愿望6.despair n./v.绝望7.great expectation厚望8.greedy a.贪心9.increase ones happiness levels增加幸福感10.long-cherished w