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1、2023新课标版英语高考第二轮复习第四部分阅读补全（七选五）专题十三阅读补全（七选五）Passage 1（2021 北京）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people.The mental healthbenefits from music cant be argued.Music could also be helping you with many other health problemsbehind
2、the scenes.2 However,for the same reason,music can be very beneficial if one is in pain.By distracting（分心）the mind from the pain,music,people say,can lower stress and anxiety levels.This,of course,can lead to lesspain.Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed.3 While the
3、validity of theidea is still being assessed,the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure.Similarly,according toresearchers,listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels,through the lowering of stress and anxiety.When it comes to heart hea
4、lth,there is speculation（推测）that its not the style of music,but rather thetempo that makes it so good for your heart health.In one European study,participants listened to music as theresearchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure.4 On the other hand,when the music slowed,the participants
5、9 stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit.5 But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for,which is what makes music so valuable.A.This feeling can also result in many other health problems.B.S
6、ome experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud.C.This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing.D.They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep.E.The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive.F.It is also highly popular
7、 due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety.G.Interestingly,the more cheerful the music was,the faster their heart rates were.第1页 共3 7页答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与社会，主题语境内容为音乐。文章介绍了音乐对于健康的益处。1.F 解题指导设题在段中,考查过渡句。解析 空格前说“音乐对很多人来说是一种消遣娱乐的方式 ，空格后说“The mental health benefits frommusic cant be argu
8、ed”（音乐对心理健康的益处是毋庸置疑的），可推断空格处应说明音乐对人精神健康的作用 这与 F 选项中的also highly popular和the individualized effects on stress and anxiety”照应。故选F 项。2.B 解题指导设题在段首,考查细节句。解析 空格后说“However,fbr the same reason,music can be very beneficial if one is in pain”（然而，出于同样的原因，如果一个人处于痛苦中，音乐是非常有益的）,However表转折，因此空格处为对音乐的负面评价,这与 B 选项中
9、“music can be harmful if it is too loud”呼应。故选 B 项。3.D 解题指导设题在段中,考查细节句。解析 空格前说“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed”（许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前听些轻松的音乐），这与D 选项中“calming the brain enough to sleep”相呼应。故选D 项。4.G 解题指导设题在段中,考查过渡句。解析 空格后说“On the other hand,when the music slowed,the partici
10、pants,stress and anxiety levelsbecame lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit”（另一方面，当音乐放缓时,参与者的压力和焦虑水平就会降低，对心率的影响似乎也随之降低），根据On the other hand可推断空格处内容应与欢快的音乐和心率加快有关，这与 G 选项中“the more cheerful the music was,the faster their heart rates were”相照应。故选G 项。5.E 解题指导设题在段首,考查主旨句。解析 空格后说“Bu
11、t there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could bebeneficial fbr,which is what makes music so valuable”（但是，开着收音机还可以对一系列其他的健康问题有益，这就是音乐如此有价值的原因），因此本段讲的是音乐对身体总的好处，这与E 选项“音乐对整体健康的影响令人印象深刻”相吻合。故选E 项。难句分析原句:When it comes to heart health,there is speculation that its not th
12、e style of music,but rather the tempothat makes it so good for your heart health.第2页 共3 7页分析:本句为主从复合句。句子的主干为:there is speculation。When引导时间状语从句,第一个that引导名词speculation的同位语从句。在同位语从句中使用了强调句型，强调句子的主语the tempo。译文:说到心脏健康，人们推测不是音乐的风格，而是节奏对你的心脏健康如此有益。Passage 2（2019 课标全国 1H）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项
13、为多余选项。In an online class,developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important.1While I have only listed two of each,there are obviously many other situations that can arise.Students shouldbe able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance.Dos 2 Question
14、s about subject content are generally welcomed.Before asking questions about thecourse design,read the syllabus（教 学大名冈）and learning management system information to be sure theanswer isnt hiding in plain sight.Participate in discussion fbrums（论坛）,blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.3 Besu
15、re to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information.Make a point,and make it safe for others to do thesame.Donts Dont share personal information or stories.Professors are not trained nurses,financial aid experts oryour best friends.If you are in need of a deadline extension,simply explain the s
16、ituation to the professor._4 _ Dont openly express annoyance at a professor or class.5 When a student attacks a professor onthe social media,the language used actually says more about the student.If there is truly a concern about aprofessors professionalism or ability,be sure to use online course ev
17、aluations to calmly offer your comments.A.Thats what they are for.B.Tum to an online instructor for help.C.If more information is needed,they will ask.D.Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.E.Below are some common do*s and donts for online learners.F.Everyone has taken a not-so-great
18、class at one time or another.G.Ask questions,but make sure they are good,thoughtful questions.答案第3页 共3 7页 语篇解读 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会。文章针对如何与在线课程教授沟通为学生提出了一些建议。1.E 过渡句。设空处前提出与在线(online)课程教授有着良好的沟通很重要,下文介绍了该做的和不该做的事情，因此答案为E 项。2.G 主旨句。根据Dos和 Donts中各段首句的特点可知，设空处为主题句并且是祈使句,设空处后一句中的关键词Qaestisi电与&项史的q igstifios
19、Ji应，因此答案为G 项。3.A 细节句。由设空处前面的句子 Participate in discussion forums,blogs and other open-ended forums fordialogue.中的关键信息可知,A 项中的 That 指代 dialogue,they 指代 discussion forums,blogs and otherQRikended-fonims,因此答案为 A 项。4.C 细节句。本段建议学生不要和教授聊个人话题，你在说完后，如果有必要，教授会进一步向你提问，因此答案为C 项。5.F 细节句。本段建议学生如果对教授的课程有意见,不要公开发表不
20、满,F 项提到每个人都曾经上过不太好的课,与前后文内容相关联，因此答案为F 项。Passage 3(2018 课标全国III)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Before there was the written word,there was the language of dance.Dance expresses love and hate,joyand sorrow,life and death,and everything else in between.We dance from Florida to Alaska,from nor
21、th to south and sea to sea.We dance at weddings,birthdays,office parties and just to fill the time.“I adore dancing,“says Lester Bridges,the owner of a dance studio in Iowa,I cant imagine doinganything else with my life.Bridges runs dance classes for all ages.Teaching dance is wonderful.2 Itsgreat t
22、o watch them.For many of them,its a way of meeting people and having a social life/93 I can tell you about one young couple,says Bridges.TheyYe learning to do traditional dances.They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.4 So,do we dance in order to make ourselves feel bette
23、r,calmer,healthier?Andrea Hillier says,Dance,like the pattern of a beating heart,is life.Even after all these years,I want to get better and better.5 Ifind it hard to stop!Dancing reminds me Im alive.A.So why do we dance?B.Dance in the U.S.is everywhere.C.If you like dancing outdoors,come to America
24、.第4页 共3 7页D.My older students say it makes them feel young.E.I keep practicing even when Im extremely tired.F.Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.G.They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。主题语境为人与社会。作者首先描述了跳舞在美国的受欢迎程度，接着描述了自己一生为跳舞疯狂的生活。1.B 本句为主旨句。空格位于段首，空格后描述跳舞
25、在美国的流行程度，由此可知到处都能看到美国人在跳舞，与B 项吻合。2.D 本句为过渡句。空格前作者用直接引语的方式描述了“教舞蹈简直太美妙了”。空格后句子中出现的代词them指代的就是Bridges所教的学生。所以答案为D 项。3.A 本句为主旨句。空格位于段首，后面以一对年轻夫妻为例说明了跳舞给他们带来的好处,回答了 A项（那么，我们为什么要跳舞呢?）的问题。4.F 本句为细节句。空格前描述这对夫妻刚来到舞蹈班时情绪低落，当他们离开的时候脸上露出了微笑。这与F 项（舞蹈好像彻底改变了他们的情绪。）相符。5.E 本句为过渡句。空格前描述这么多年来Hillier想跳得越来越好。空格后描述Hill
26、ier发现自己就是停不下来,跳舞让Hillier知道自己还活着。这与E 项（即使当我非常累的时候我还在练习跳舞。）相符。Passage 4（2018 浙江）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience.Of course,you want to makesure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your new neighborhood.The easi
27、est way to accomplishthis is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should.Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property（房产）neat,clean,and in good repair.2 By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape,you willhelp to impro
28、ve the look and feel of the area.Second,take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously.When going for a walk,take along asmall garbage bag.3 This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.4 If a neighbor is going to be out of town,offer to collect mail and newspa
29、pers.If a neighborsuffers an illness,offer to do the grocery shopping.Let them know that you are there to help in any way that isacceptable,while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.第5页 共3 7页5 By following the basic rules of respecting others,taking care of what belongs to you,and takingpr
30、ide in the appearance of the neighborhood in general,you will quickly become a good neighbor thateveryone appreciates.A.In general,keep an eye on their property while they are gone.B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.C.Being a good neighbor is more or less about conside
31、rate behavior.D.Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.E.Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car,pick it up.F.People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.G.Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone i
32、n the neighborhood quickly.答案 语篇解读 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会。搬了新家有了新邻居，想要邻居喜欢你吗?按照文章中作者提供的建议尝试一下吧！1.G 文章从第二段开始给读者提供了几个建议，因此第一段的最后一句起到总领全文的作用,应选择G项。2.F 设空处前句中的 to keep your property neat,clean,and in good repair 以及设空处后句中的 keep theoutside of the home in great shape 都与 F 项中的 keeping everything in their street f
33、resh and inviting 有联系,故选择F 项。3.E设空处前句提到散步时带一个垃圾袋，与旦项史的般01e斑 返幽海四庭3 述 im el睚 或，故选E项。4.B B 选项中的help out in small ways与本段的主旨一致，整段内容都是在讲你可以在邻居需要帮助时及时提供一些帮助,故选择B 项。5.C 最后一段的功能为总结全文，也是对第一段中提到的文章主旨（如何成为一个好邻居）进行呼应，故选择C 项。Passage 5（2017 课标全国 I）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If anyone had told me th
34、ree years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping,I wouldhave laughed heartily.Campers,in my eyes,were people who enjoyed insect bites,ill-cooked meals,anduncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me.第6页 共3 7页The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it
35、 meant to be a pioneer.2 We slept in atent,cooked over an open fire,and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This briefvisit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work,recovering from a bad case of sunburn and thedoctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was,neverthe
36、less,talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.3 Instead,wehad a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature-loving friends had rememberedto bring all the necessities of life.4 We have done a lot of it since.Recently,we bought a twenty-eight-foot trav
37、el trailer complete witha bathroom and a built-in TV set.There is a separate bedroom,a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.Thetrailer even has matching carpet and curtains.5 It must be true that sooner or later,everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend thatyou find your way in style.A.
38、This time there was no tent.B.Things are going to be improved.C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then,however.E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.F.After the trip,my family became quite interested in camping.G.There was no shade
39、 as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.答案 语篇解读 本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与自我。文章讲述了作者由讨厌露营到喜欢露营的过程。1.D 过渡句。本空位置在第一段的结尾。设题处前面的句子表明作者三年前对露营的抵触心理,后面的段落描述了露营的经历。由此看出本题对应的句子起到承上启下的作用，而且具有转折的功能。D 选项中的关键信息since then和 however起到明显的衔接作用,故为正确答案。2.C 概括句。前面的句子指出作者的朋友们带他参加了一次露营;后面的句子较详细地描写了那次露营的经历，但多是比较艰苦的体验。根据上下文可知，本句应该是
40、一个概括句,总体说明这次露营的状况。C项史的蛔与前面曲Lfcj线或对应,rough可以概括这次露营的特征，所以是正确答案。3.A 细节句。本空所在段落描述了一次愉快的露营经历，本空后面的副词Instead是一个重要的衔接标志词,表明本空后面的内容与本空的信息相反。A 选项中的no tent与 camper照应。故选A。第7页 共3 7页4.F 过渡句。设空处在段首，引出一个新话题。本空后面的代词We是一个很强的衔接标志词，表明本空对应的句子中应该有包括作者在内的复数人群。根据这个线索，谖 贬 史 的 耶&血 山 与 腔 恰 妊 对 应,故答案为F 项。5.E 总结句。设空处在最后一段（结语段）
41、的段首，是全文的概括，又起到承上启下的作用。选项E 中的关键信息come to enjoy camping既是对前面几段的概括总结，也能够顺畅地衔接下句内容，即希望别人也能亲近大自然。Passage 6（2017 课标全国 II）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done.1 thereare several ways to handle things.Lets take a
42、look at them now.2.Tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if thetwo of you can talk at a different time.When people try to interrupt you,have set hours planned and let them know to come back during thattime or that youll find them then.3.It can help
43、 to eliminate（消除）future interruptions.When you need to talk to someone,don*t do it in your own office.4,its much easier to excuseyourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining howbusy you are.If you have a door to your office,make good use of
44、 it.5.If someone knocks and its not an importantmatter,excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint（暗示）that when the dooris closed,youre not to be disturbed.A.If youre busy,dont feel bad about saying noB.When you want to avoid interruptions at workC.Set boundaries for
45、yourself as far as your time goesD.If youre in the other persons office or in a public areaE.Its important that you let them know when youll be availableF.It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt youG.Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not答案 语篇解读 本
46、文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会。文章介绍了在工作中避免被干扰的四种方法。第8页 共3 7页1.B 细节句。空格处为从句，空格后的部分为主句，只有B 项和D 项符合要求。主句指出“有儿种可以解决问题的方法”,B项内容符合语境要求。D 项内容与主句所述内容不一致。2.A 主旨句。上一段最后一句为:现在让我们看看这些应对方法。由此可见，第二段应介绍应对打扰的第一种方法。空白处后的句子提到“告诉这个人你很抱歉并解释选项A 如果你很忙，不要为拒绝他人而感到难为情”符合语境。3.E 过渡句。上文指出，别人要干扰你时，你要设定好时间，让别人知道什么时候再来找你或你什么时候去找他们。下文指出,这样有助于消除后
47、续的干扰，解释了前一句所说内容的原因。结合上下文可知,E 项“让他们知道你什么时候有空很重要 符合语境。4.D 细节句。这一段讲的是与他人谈话的地点的选择问题。上文指出,你需要和他人谈谈时，不要在自己的办公室做这件事。空白处应填入从句。D 项是一个if引导的从句，意为“如果你在对方的办公室或公共区域”,此项涉及地点，符合上下文语境和句子结构的要求。5.G 过渡句。door为关键词。本段主要讲述如何利用办公室的门，以避免忙时被打扰。上文指出，如果办公室有一扇门的话，要充分利用。G 项意有，有空交谈时就开着门，反之则关上门”,it指代前一句中的door。故选 G。Passage 7（2017 北京
48、）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every animal sleeps,but the reason for this has remained foggy.When lab rats are not allowed to sleep,they die within a month.One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories.2 We know that,while awake,freshmemories are recorded by reinforcing（力 口 强
49、）connections between brain cells,but the memory processes thattake place while we sleep have been unclear.Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons（神经元）in thebrain can be weakened overnight,making room for fresh memories to form the next day.3Now we have
50、the most direct evidence yet that he is right.4 The synapses in the mice taken at theend of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep,showing that the connectionsbetween neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononis theory is right,it would explain why,when we miss a nights