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1、专题1 0动词时态/寿早)0道动词的时态是中考出现频率较高的语法项目之一。考题多以具体的语境为主,体现了对语法知识、语境理解、语言交际能力的综合考查。考点派一般现在时中考考查重点:1.一般现在时的用法;2.一般现在时的构成。考向一:一般现在时的用法 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与频度副词连用。I often take a walk in the park.我经常在公园散步。These T-shirts are new.这些 T 恤衫是新的。表示客观事实、真理。The sun rises in ihe east and sets in the w est.太阳东升西落。在时间、条件状
2、语从句中表示将来的动作。If it doesnt rain tomorrow,I will go bike riding in the open a ir.如果明天不下雨,我将在户外骑自行车。I,ll tell her the good news when she comes back.当她回来的时候,我将把这个好消息告诉她。表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place 等。考向二:一般现在时的构成在一般情况下用动词原形,若主语为第三人称单数,一般在动词原形后加-s或-es。情
3、况构成方法例词一般情况直接加-Sread 一 reads love*loves以 s,o,x,ch,sh 结尾iJU-espass-passesteach teachesbox boxeswash washes以辅音字母+y 结尾将 y 变为i,再加-escarry carriesstudy studies不规则变化have 一 hasbe 一 am/is/are一般过去时1.一般过去时的定义i般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如 yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week,in 2015,three da
4、ys ago,the other day,just now,at the moment,this morning,once upon a time,long long agoo一What did you do yesterday?昨天你做了什么?I went swimming.我去游泳 了。表示过去经常性或习惯性发生的动作。When I was at middle school,I often went to school by bike.我读中学时经常骑自行车去学校。2.一般过去时的基本结构实义动词肯定句:主 语+动词过去式+其他.I went to the cinema yesterday
5、.我昨天看了 电影。否定句:主 语+didnt+动词原形+其他。I didnt go to the cinema yesterday.我昨天没看电影。一般疑问句及其回答:D id+主 语+动词原形+其他?肯定回答:Y es,主 语+did.否定回答:N o,主语+didnt/did not.Did you go to the cinema yesterday?你昨天去看电影了吗?Yes,I did./No,I didnt.是的,我去了。/不,我没去。特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他?Where did you go yesterday?你昨天去哪儿了?I went to t
6、he cinema yesterday.我昨天去看电影了。b e 动词肯定句:主 语+was/were+其他.I was at home yesterday.我昨天在家。否定句:主 语+wasnt/werent+其他.I wasnt at home yesterday.我昨天没在家。一般疑问句及其回答:Were/Was+主 语+其他?Were you at home yesterday?你昨天在家吗?一Yes,I was./No,I w asnt.是的,我在家。/不,我不在家。特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+were/was+主 语+其他?Where were you yesterday?你昨天在哪?
7、I was at home yesterday.我昨天在家。3.动词过去式的变化规则4.一般过去时的用法情况构成方法例词一般情况加-edwashwashedhelp helped以不发音的字母e 结尾加-dhopehopedlikeTiked以辅音字母+y 结尾变 y 为 i,再加-edcarry carriedstudystudied结尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-edstop 一 stoppedplan 一 planned(1)表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday,last week,in 1989,just now,a moment
8、 ago,the other day 等连用。He was here just now.他刚才还在这里。What did you do yesterday?你昨天做 了什么事?(2)在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。We often played together when we were children.我们小时候常在一起玩。注意:表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to 和 wouldoHe used to smoke a lot,but he doesnt now.他过去经常抽烟,但现在不抽 了 0Whenever we were in trouble,he would help
9、 us.每当我们遇到困难,他都会帮助我们。(3)表示主语过去的特征或性格。At that time she was very good at English.那时她英语学得很好。(4)用在状语从句中表示过去将来。He said he would wait until they came back.(5)一般过去时有时可以表示现在,多 与 want,hope,wonder,think,intend等动词连用,使语气更委婉。I wondered if you could help m e.不知你能不能帮我一下。有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。I didnt know you were here
10、.我不知道你在这里。注意:(1)表示一系列的动作,尽管有先后,都用一般过去时,最后两个动词之间用and连结。He opened the door,rushed out and then disappeared,他打开门,冲 了 出去,然后就消失了。(2)注意在语境中理解 我刚才/原来还不。Your phone number again?I didnt quite catch i t.请再说一次你的电话号码,好吗?我刚才没听清楚。Ifs2566666.是 2566666。5.一般过去时代替完成时(1)两个动作如按顺序发生,又不强调先后,或用then,and,b u t等连词时,多用一般过去时。W
11、hen she saw the mouse,she screamed.My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.(2)两个动作相继发生,可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成,用过去完成时。When I heard the news,I was very excited.(3)叙述历史事实,可不用过去完成时,而只用一般过去时。Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.一般过去时肯定句的过去式,规则动词加-e d,不规则的必须记。否定形式疑问句,没有be加 dido如把did加在前
12、,动词也要还原形。一般将来时中考考查重点:1.了解并能运用常考的六种时态,尤其熟练运用一般现在时、一般过去时、进行时等高频时态;2.正确辨析几种易混时态的区别。一般将来时主要构成形式一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作,事情或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作或事情。Lwin/shaD+动词原形,shall用于第一人称,常被w ill所代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称,will not=won,t,shall not=shan,toWhich paragraph shall I read first?我先读哪一段呢?Will you be at home
13、 at seven this evening?今晚七点回家好吗?2.be going to+不定式,表示将来。a.主语的意图,即将做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow?明天打算作什么呢?b.计划、安排要发生的事。The play is going to be produced next montho 这出戏下月开播。c.有迹象要发生的事。Look at the dark clouds,there is going to be a storm.看那乌云,暴风雨快来了。3.be+不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。We are to discuss th
14、e report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。4.be about to+不定式,意 为 马上做某事。He is about to leave for Beijing.他马上要去北京。注意:be about to do不能与tomorrow,next week等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。be to 和 be going to 的区别be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事,be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我去踢球。(客观安排)Fm going to play
15、football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我想去踢球。(主观打算)5.现在进行时表将来时下列动词的现在进行时表示将来时:go,come,fly,leave,start,begin,finish,end,arrive 等。she is leaving for Wuhan tomorrow.6.一般现在时表将来a.下列动词come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火车明天上午六点开。When
16、does the bus star?It stars in ten minutes.汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。b.以here,there等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。Here comes the bus.=The bus is coming.车来 了。There goes the bell.=The bell is ringing.铃响 了。c.在时间或条件句中。When Bill comes(不是 will come),ask him to wait for m e.比尔来后,让他等我。Fil write to you as soon as I arrive there.我到了 那里,就
17、写信给你。d.在动词 hope,take care that,make sure that 等的宾语从句中。I hope they have a nice time next w eek.我希望他们下星期玩得开心。Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.离开房间前,务必把窗户关了。be going to 和 will 的区别be going to和 w ill的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况,一般情况下能互换。但它们的用法是有区别的:1.be going to 主要用于:a.表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、
18、计划要做的事情。What are you going to do today?今天你们打算做什么?Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。Im going to play the violin.我打算拉小提琴。Shes going to play the piano.她打算弹钢琴。b.表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生。Look!There come the dark clouds.It is going to rain.瞧!乌云密集,要下雨了。I am afraid I am going
19、 to have a cold.恐怕我要患重感冒。2.will主要用于在以下几个方面:a.表示单纯的未来 将要“,通用各个人称。They will go to visit the factory tomorrow.明天他们将去工厂参观。Fil come with Wang Bing,Liu Tao and Yang Ling.我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。b.表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。Today is Saturday.Tomorrow will be Sunday.今天是星期六。明 天 是(将)是星期日。He will be thirty years old this ti
20、me next year.明年这个时候他将三十岁了。c.问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令。Will you please tum on the radio?请打开收音机好吗?Will you go to the zoo with m e?你和我一起去动物园好吗?一般将来时特殊用法:1.be+不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。We are to talk about the report next Saturday.2.be about to+不定式,意 为 马上做某事”。He is about to leave for Beijing.注意:be about to 不能与to
21、morrow,next week等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。3.有些表趋向性的动词可用进行时表将来,如:go,come,amve,fly(飞往),reach(SO达),stay,leave,start,die 等。Im going to go to the zoo this weekends Im going to the zoo this weekend.Hes going to leave for Paris.=Hes leaving for Paris.重考密点畲(逝AS4蜀UK)1.(2022湖南郴州中考真题)一 The song Together fora Shared Futu
22、re is very popular now.一 Thafs for sure!Both the young and the old it.A.likes B.like C.liked【答案】B【详解】句意:一起向未来这首歌现在很受欢迎。这是肯定的!年轻人和老年人都喜欢它。考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据“now”结合语境可知句子是一般现在时;根据“Both theyoung and the old”可知主语是复数,动词应用原形,故选2.(2022贵州铜仁中考真题)一Your sons dream will come true as long as.I hope so.A.he will stud
23、y hard B.she will study hardC.he studies hard D.she studies hard【答案】c【详解】句意:只要你儿子努力学习,他的梦想就会实现。希望如此。考查时态以及人称单词。根据“Your sons.”可知此处指你儿子努力,用代词h e,排除BD;句子是as long a s引导的条件状语从句,从句中用一般现在时,主语是h e,谓语动词用第三人称单数。故选C。3.(2022湖北湖北中考真题)He newspapers at 8:00 every evening.A.reads B.is reading C.was reading D.has re
24、ad【答案】A【详解】句意:他每天晚上八点看报纸。考查一般现在时。根据“every evening.”可知,本句是一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,动词用三单形式reads。故选A。4.(2022 江苏扬州中考真题)Xia Sen a simple life and saves her money fordonations.A.lives B.lived C.was living D.will live【答案】A【详解】句意:夏森过着简朴的生活,攒钱捐款。考查动词时态。根据and saves her money for donations”可知句子描述现在的情况,用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数
25、,谓语动词用单三。故选A。5.(2022 江苏南通中考真题)一Miss Hu,I havent seen you for a long time.一Yes.I as a volunteer nurse in Shanghai for a month.I came back yesterday.A.worked B.am working C.have worked D.work【答案】A【详解】句意:胡小姐,我好久没见到你了。是的。我在上海做了一个月的志愿护士。我昨天回来的。考查一般过去时。根据I came back yesterday.”可知,昨天回来了,所以做志愿护士的动作发生在过去,用一般
26、过去时,故选A。6.(2022湖北黄石中考真题)David has worked here for 10 years since he fromuniversity.A.graduates B.graduated C.has graduated D.will graduate【答案】B【详解】句意:大卫大学毕业后在这里工作了 10年。考查动词时态。since引导的时间状语从句,主句用现在完成时,从句用般过去时,毕业的动作已经发生过,故选B。7.(2022辽宁丹东中考真题)一 Who locked the door yesterday?A.Ido B.I will C.I did D.lean【
27、答案】C【详解】句意:昨天谁锁门了?我锁了。考查一般过去时。Id o 我做的/我愿意,用于一般现在时;I will我会的,用于一般将来时;Idid我做的,用于一般过去时;I can我可以,用于一般现在时。根据问句“Who locked the dooryesterday?”可知询问的是过去的事情,因此回答也应用一般过去时。故选C。8.(2022湖南湘西中考真题)It only takes us two hours to go from Jishou to Changsha by trainwhen Zhang-Ji-Huai high-speed railway in December las
28、t year.A.opens B.opened C.will open【答案】B【详解】句意:去年12月张吉怀高铁开通,从吉首坐火车到长沙只需要两个小时考查动词时态。根据时间状语“lastyear”可知句子时态用一般过去时,open的过去式时opened 0 故选 B。9.(2022黑龙江哈尔滨中考真题)WangYaping,the female(女性的)Chinese space walker,her first space walk in November,2021.A.has begun B.begins C.began【答案】C【详解】句意:中国女太空行走者王亚平于2021年 11月开
29、始了她的首次太空行走。考查动词时态。根据 in November,2021.”可知动作发生在过去,应该用一般过去时,故选Co10.(2022吉林中考真题)一Helen,why didnt you come to the party yesterday?一Oh,I for the speech competition.A.prepares B.prepared C.will prepare【答案】B【详解】句意:H elen,你昨天为什么没有来参加派对?哦,我在准备演讲比赛。考查动词时态。根据问句didnt”可知,答语用一般过去时,动词用过去式,故选B。11.(2022 黑龙江黑龙江中考真题)一
30、Mike is from America but speaks perfect Chinese.一So he does.He has learned Chinese by himself since he college.A.is attending B.has attended C.attended【答案】C【详解】句意:迈克来自美国,但能说一口流利的中文。是的。自从上大学以来,他就自学中文。考查一般过去时。since后用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时。故选C。12.(2022辽宁阜新中考真题)China nine gold medals at the Beijing 2022 WinterO
31、lympics.A.winsB.is winningC.wonD.will win【答案】c【详解】句意:中国在2022年北京冬奥会赢得了 9 枚金牌。考查时态。根据”.at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.”可知此处指发生过的事情,用一般过去时。故选C。13.(2022湖北黄石中考真题)There a volleyball game next Saturday.If itwell have to put it ofF.A.is going to be;rains B.is going to be;will rainC.is going to have;wil
32、l rain D.is going to have;rains【答案】A【详解】句意:下周六将有场排球比赛。如果下雨,我们将不得不推迟。考查there be句型和时态。第一句为there be句型,根据“next Saturday”可知,应用一般将来时,其谓语结构为will be/is going to be;第二句含有if 引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,主语it为第三人称单数,所以谓语应填动词的第三人称单数形式。另外there be句型不和have连用,故选A。14.(2022辽宁大连中考真题)一What5s your plan for the weekend,Helen?I my
33、grandparents.A.visit B.visited C.have visited D.am going to visit【答案】D【详解】句意:你周末有什么计戈上海伦?我要去拜访我的祖父母。考查动词时态。根据Whats your plan for the weekend,Helen?”可知,此处是询问周末计划,需用一般将来时。故选D。15.(2022北京中考真题)Dont lose heart.If you keep working hard,you some day.A.will succeed B.succeed C.succeeded D.have succeeded【答案】A
34、【详解】句意:不要灰心。如果你继续努力,将来某一天你会成功的。考查if 引导的条件状语从句。if表示“如果”时遵循“主将从现 原则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时;空格处于主句位置,故用一般将来时。故选A。16.(2022黑龙江中考真题)一I dont know when Sus an.Dont worry.When she,I will tell you.A.comes;will come B.will come;comes C.come;comes【答案】B【详解】句意:我不知道苏珊什么时候来。不用担心。她来的时候,我会告诉你的。考查复合从句。空一是宾语从句,表示“不知道Susan什
35、么时候来“,用一般将来时;空二是when引导的时间状语从句,遵循“主将从现“原则,空处需用一般现在时。故选B。17.(2022云南中考真题)How time flies!I a senior high school this September.A.enter B.entered C.will enter D.have entered【答案】C【详解】句意:时间过得多快!今年九月我将进入高中。考查动词时态。根据this September”可知,此句用一般将来时will d o 的结构,故选C。18.(2022江西中考真题)Don leave your toys on the table,or
36、 I them away.A.threw B.will throw C.have thrown D.was throwing【答案】B【详解】句意:不要把你的玩具放在桌子上,否则我就把它们扔掉。考查时态。句子用“祈使句,。什陈述句”结构,表示如果把玩具放在桌子上,将会把它们扔了,此处用一般将来时,其结构为win do。故选B。19.(2021 四川资阳中考真题)Its reported that the students in some schools of our citya PE class every day.A.takes B.take C.took D.are taking【答案】B
37、【详解】句意:据报道,我市一些学校的学生每天都上体育课。考查般现在时用法。句子中主语是“the students”,可数名词复数形式,结合设空处后文提到的“every day”可知,时态是一般现在时,谓语动词使用动词原形“take”。故选B。20.(2021,辽宁丹东中考真题)We cant avoid traffic accidents unless everyone therules.A.follows B.breaks C.will follow D.will break【答案】A【详解】句意:除非每个人都遵守规则,否则我们不能避免交通事故。考查动词时态。follows遵守,第三人称单数
38、形式;breaks破坏,第三人称单数形式;will follow将遵守,一般将来时;will break将破坏,一般将来时。根据We cant avoid traffic accidentsunless everyone.the rules.”可知,本句为unless引导的条件状语从句,主句有情态动词,从句用一般现在时,此处表示除非每个人都遵守规则,应用follows。故选A。21.(2021四川雅安中考真题)一What did you do last summer holiday,Becky.I as a volunteer at the Natural History Museum.A.w
39、ill work B.worked C.am working D.work【答案】B【详解】句意:Becky,你去年暑假做了什么?我在自然历史博物馆当过志愿者。考查动词时态。work是动词,意为“工作”根据时间状语“last summer holiday”表动作发生在过去,因此设空处应用一般过去时态。即 worked符合语境。故选B。22.(2021 江苏徐州中考真题)In my school days,I a lot of reading in English everyday.That was how I learned English at that time.A.do B.did C.
40、have done D.will do【答案】B【详解】句意:在我上学的时候,我每天都阅读大量英语。那时我就是这样学习英语的。考查动词时态。do一般现在时;did一般过去时;have done现在完成时;will do 一般将来时。根据下文“That was how I learned English at that time.“可知,是过去发生的事情,所以句子时态要用般过去时,因此B 选项正确。这里要注意,every day虽然常与一般现在时连用,但此句语境是描述过去每天发生的事情。故选B。23.(2021 广西贵港中考真题)一Where does Bill live?He me his a
41、ddress,but I cant remember it now.A.tells B.told C.is telling D.will tell【答案】B【详解】句意:比尔住在哪里?他告诉过我他的地址,但我现在想不起来了。考查时态辨析。根据“but I cant remember it now”可知现在记不起来以前告诉过自己的地址,用一般过去时,tell的过去式是d。故选B。24.(2021江苏扬州中考真题)一Have you watched the film Gulliver s Travels?一Yes,I it during the Spring Festival.What about
42、 you?A.watch B.watched C.will watch D.have watched【答案】B【详解】句意:你 看 过 格列佛游记这部电影吗?看过,我在春节期间看的。你呢?考查一般过去时。根据during the Spring Festival”可知,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时,故选B。25.(2021 云南昆明中考真题)一What did you do this Dragon Boat Festival?I the boat races on TV and read books.A.watch B.watched C.am watching D.will watch【答案】
43、B【详解】句意:这个端午节你做了什么?我在电视上看了划船比赛,还看书。考查一般过去时态。根据上文“What did you do this Dragon Boat Festival?”可知这是一个一般过去时态的句子,因此回答需要相应的过去式来表示过去的动作,故选B。26.(2021四川达州中考真题)一 Alice has gone out.一 Oh,has she?What time she?A.has;gone B.is;going C.will;go D.did;go【答案】D【详解】句 意:爱丽丝已经出去了。哦,是吗?她什么时候走的?考查动词时态。has;gone现在完成时;is;goi
44、ng现在进行时;will;go 一般将来时;did;go一般过去时。根据语境可知,爱丽丝已经出去了,所以问句询问的“爱丽丝具体的外出时间”对于说话者来讲发生在过去,故此处应为一般过去时。故选D。27.(2021河北中考真题)You can borrow this filmsurely you watching it.A.enjoy B.enjoyed C.will enjoy D.have enjoyed【答案】C【详解】句意:你可以借这部电影当然你会喜欢看的。考查一般将来时。分析“You can bonow this film-surely you.watching it.”可知,此处动作还
45、未发生,用一般将来时,故选C。28.(2021辽宁沈阳中考真题)Tomorrow Im flying to Beijing.I there for thefollowing three weeks.A.am B.have been C.will be D.was【答案】C【详解】句意:明天我将飞往北京。我将在那里呆三个星期。考查时态辨析。for the following three weeks在接下来的三周内,是一般将来时的标志,可知用 will b e结构,故选C。29.(2021广西梧州中考真题)一Is Helen here?一No,she isnt here,She in half a
46、n hour.A.arrives B.arrived C.will arrive D.has arrived【答案】C【详解】句意:Helen在这里吗?不,她不在,她半个小时后就到了。考查动词时态。根据in half an hour”可知,时间为半个小时后,应用一般将来时;其构成为:will+动词原形。故选C。30.(2021 西藏中考真题)I wonder if he time tomorrow;if he free,Illinvite him to give a speech in our school.A.will have;is B.has;will be C.will;have D.
47、has;is【答案】A【详解】句意:我想知道是否明天他有时间。如果他有空,我会邀请他在我们学校演讲。考查动词的时态。动词“wonder”后是“if”引导宾语从句,表达“是否明天他有时间”,根据“tomorrow”可知从句是一般将来时,动词用“will have”。后半句是“i引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句是一般现在时表示将来,表达“如果他有空“,be动词用“is”.故选A。1 .(2022广西德保县教研室九年级期末)Although Mr.Wang is very busy,he alwaystime for his family.A.spare B.spares C.spared
48、 D.has spared【答案】B【详解】句意:虽然王先生很忙,但他总是抽出时间陪伴家人。考查时态。根据Although Mr.Wang is very busy,he always.可知,时态是一般现在时,主语是h e,动词川三单,故选B。2.(2022北京房山九年级期末)Sam the piano every evening.He can play it verywell.A.practices B.practiced C.is practicing D.has practiced【答案】A【详解】句意:Sam每天晚上都练习钢琴。他弹得很好。考查时态。根据every evening”可知
49、描述每天晚上的事,用一般现在时。故选A。3.(2022四川沐川县教师进修学校九年级期末)She will have a holiday as soon as shethe work next week.A.finishes B.will finish C.wont finish【答案】A【详解】句意:下周她一完成工作就有一个假期。考查as soon a s引导的时间状语从句。finish 完成“,as soon a s引导的时间状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,所以空缺处用一般现在时,主语“she”是第三人称单数,所以用谓语动词用第三人称单数finishes,故选A。4.(2022安徽铜陵九年级
50、期末)Mom always tells me that nothing is easy in life and successlots of effort.A.requires B.regrets C.reviews D.remembers【答案】A【详解】句意:妈妈总是告诉我生活中没有什么是容易的,成功需要很多的努力。考查动词辨析。requires 需要;regrets 后悔;reviews 复习;remembers 记住。根据“lots of effbrt”可知,成功需要很多的努力,因此“requires”符合句意。故选A。5.(2022,1匕京东城九年级期末)Peter is my go