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1、初中英语完型填空专题名校通 初中英语解题方法讲解 执教老师执教老师:樊老师樊老师2011 年年 04月月29 日日1 旨在考查学生对各方面语言知识的旨在考查学生对各方面语言知识的灵灵活运用活运用能力。能力。既考查学生对单词搭配、习惯用法、既考查学生对单词搭配、习惯用法、语法结构的掌握情况，又可以考查学生语法结构的掌握情况，又可以考查学生的的语篇理解语篇理解和和逻辑推理能力逻辑推理能力。初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题二、命题形式和特点二、命题形式和特点1.命题形式命题形式 四选一式四选一式 提供备选词提供备选词初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题二、命题形式和特点二、命题形式和特点
2、2.命题特点命题特点布空方面布空方面布空间距为布空间距为79个单词；个单词；其中以其中以动词动词和和名词名词布空较多；布空较多；其次是其次是形容词形容词、副词副词、代词代词和和连词连词；初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题二、命题形式和特点二、命题形式和特点近三年中近三年中考卷考卷v.v.n.n.adj.adj.adv.adv.prep.prep.pron.pron.conj.conj.0808年年42430200909年年A A6230031B B41210201010年年A A5321031B B3321001初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题三、命题趋势三、命题趋势1.选材选材
3、 以以记叙文记叙文和和说明文说明文为主，题材内容更接为主，题材内容更接近生活。选材具有一定的教育性、趣味近生活。选材具有一定的教育性、趣味性或实用性。性或实用性。2.布空布空 注重注重语境语境，强调，强调综合综合。初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题四，完形填空考什么？四，完形填空考什么？一一,词法及词义辨析词法及词义辨析二，固定短语搭配二，固定短语搭配三，上下文逻辑关系三，上下文逻辑关系四，文化背景及生活常识四，文化背景及生活常识初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题五，完型填空的能力目标要求五，完型填空的能力目标要求牢固、扎实、熟练的英语语法知识和丰富的英语词汇知识。英语阅读理解能力
4、，良好的阅读习惯，熟练的阅读技巧。分析认识文章结构，理解领会文章各部分、各层次之间逻辑关系的能力。逻辑思维能力。特别是总结概括、推理判断和分析归纳的能力。包括情景推理判断、常识推理判断、逆向推理判断及比较推理判断等。初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题扎实的英语词汇、短语、惯用法等英语固定搭配的知识。特别是英语词汇意义和用法的辨析能力。在阅读中捕捉记忆相关信息的能力。初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题六、解题步骤和策略六、解题步骤和策略1.解题步骤解题步骤 跳读全文，掌握大意跳读全文，掌握大意。瞻前顾后，灵活答题瞻前顾后，灵活答题。复读全文，核实答案。复读全文，核实答案。（首句和尾句
5、）（首句和尾句）（运用各种策略）（运用各种策略）词汇、语法、惯用法是否合理？词汇、语法、惯用法是否合理？句型结构是否完整，搭配是否有误？句型结构是否完整，搭配是否有误？句子是否流畅？句子是否流畅？上下行文、前后逻辑关系是否一致？上下行文、前后逻辑关系是否一致？全文是否紧凑，中心突出，浑然一体？全文是否紧凑，中心突出，浑然一体？初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题 结构结构+语义语义+逻辑逻辑正确正确通顺通顺合理合理初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题1.看清上下文，找准定位词充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。例如：1)Some
6、parts of the water are very shallow.But in some places it is very.A.deep B.high C.cold D.dangerous七：七：完形填空解题技巧完形填空解题技巧初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题1.看清上下文，找准定位词充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。例如：1)Some parts of the water are very shallow.But in some places it is very.A.deep B.high C.cold D.dang
7、erous根据转折连词but的提示，所填入的词应与shallow相反，因此答案为A。七：七：完形填空解题技巧完形填空解题技巧初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2)Mrs ONeill askedquestions and she didnt scold us either.A.no B.certain C.many D.more初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2)Mrs ONeill askedquestions and she didnt scold us either.A.no B.certain C.many D.moreand是一个并列连词；either为副词，用在否定句
8、或否定词后加强语势，由此可以确定所填的词也应是一个否定意义的词，因此答案是A。初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.寻求上下逻辑，从容确定关系It has been many years since I was last in London I still remember something that happened during that visit.A.and B.for C.but D.as初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.寻求上下逻辑，从容确定关系It has been many years since I was last in London I still re
9、member something that happened during that visit.A.and B.for C.but D.as根据句前的many years和句后的still remember答案应选表示转折的连词but.初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题3.通顺逻辑，寻求搭配注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如：1)Heres a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himselfso much money.A.for B.by C.to
10、 D.of初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题3.通顺逻辑，寻求搭配注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如：1)Heres a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himselfso much money.A.for B.by C.to D.of表示“自取，随便拿”这个意义的短语是help oneself to故答案为C 初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2)And video cameras can be used topeoples actions
11、at home.A.keep B.make C.record D.watch初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2)And video cameras can be used topeoples actions at home.A.keep B.make C.record D.watch句中动作的发出者是video cameras因此答案是C，意思是“记录”。初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题4.扎实基础，理清辨异Soon I heard alike that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet.A.sound B.cry C.vo
12、ice D.shout初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题4.扎实基础，理清辨异Soon I heard alike that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet.A.sound B.cry C.voice D.shout选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音，但B，C，D项的三个词都是指从嗓子里发出的声音，而sound则表示各种各样的声音。因此答案是A。初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题5.了解生活常识，确定相关知识(Immediately)the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to
13、 thehospital.A.animal B.biggestC.plant D.nearest初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题5.了解生活常识，确定相关知识(Immediately)the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to thehospital.A.animal B.biggestC.plant D.nearest在这样的紧急情况下，人们的第一个反应是到最近的医院就医，因此答案为D。初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题 要做好“完形填空”，必须紧紧抓住上下文语境，充分利用上下文语境所提供的线索。上下文语境包括选择项与所在
14、句子中的语义联系，所在句与周围句群的关系，所在句在本段中所起的作用，所在句在整篇短文中所起的作用以及与文章主题思想的关系等。有些选项根据上下文就能比较容易地选出，而有些则必须根据整篇文章的大意才能做出正确判断。初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题1、context（上下文、语境）3、regular collocation（固定搭配）2、logic（逻辑）Skills of Cloze Tests(完形填空的解题技巧完形填空的解题技巧)4、grammar analysis（语法分析）5、background knowledge（背景知识）初中英语完型填
15、空专题初中英语完型填空专题 解题误区解题误区 做完形填空时，除了依据所学语言知识和解题技巧外，还应避免几个误区。1、单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。很多考生一拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案，不认真分析通篇文章。表面上解题速度挺快，但是这种见树不见林的做法只会影响解题的质量的效率。2、时间安排不当，在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。正确的做法是由易到难，先做会做的，再考虑不太明白 的。初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题解题练习解题练习(1)利用上下文语境选择利用上下文语境选择。leaf then large
16、 learn ones grow thick has mean first easy begin Everybody loves oranges.They are sweet and juicy.Theyre in sections,so it is _ to eat them.Some oranges do not have any seeds.Some have a _ skin,and some have a thin skin.初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题解题练习解题练习(1)利用上下文语境选择利用上下文语境选择。leaf then large learn ones gro
17、w thick has mean first easy begin Everybody loves oranges.They are sweet and juicy.Theyre in sections,so it is _ to eat them.Some oranges do not have any seeds.Some have a _ skin,and some have a thin skin.easythick初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题(2)根据文化背景和常识选择。根据文化背景和常识选择。leaf then large learn ones growthick ha
18、s mean first easy begin In English,orange _ both a fruit and a color.We use the name of the fruit for the color.解题练习解题练习初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题(2)根据文化背景和常识选择。根据文化背景和常识选择。leaf then large learn ones growthick has mean first easy begin In English,orange _ both a fruit and a color.We use the name of the fr
19、uit for the color.means解题练习解题练习初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题(3)单词辨义和固定搭配。单词辨义和固定搭配。It costs 3.70 for adults,2 for children and _43_ for over sixties and school groups.()43.A.little B.few C.less D.fewer解题练习解题练习初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题(3)单词辨义和固定搭配。单词辨义和固定搭配。It costs 3.70 for adults,2 for children and _43_ for over
20、 sixties and school groups.()43.A.little B.few C.less D.fewerC解题练习解题练习初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题(4)句子结构和逻辑推理句子结构和逻辑推理。Scientists also 48 that loud,fast music makes people eat faster.In fact,people 49 their food faster when the music gets faster.Some restaurants play fast music during their 50 hours.This g
21、ets people to eat faster and leave quickly.Restaurants 51 make spend even less.()48.A.think B.hopeC.realizeD.believe()49.A.cook B.orderC.eatD.make()50.A.free B.busyC.happyD.sad()51.A.can B.shouldC.cant D.neednt解题练习解题练习初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题(4)句子结构和逻辑推理句子结构和逻辑推理。Scientists also 48 that loud,fast music
22、makes people eat faster.In fact,people 49 their food faster when the music gets faster.Some restaurants play fast music during their 50 hours.This gets people to eat faster and leave quickly.Restaurants 51 make spend even less.()48.A.think B.hopeC.realizeD.believe()49.A.cook B.orderC.eatD.make()50.A
23、.free B.busyC.happyD.sad()51.A.can B.shouldC.cant D.needntACBA解题练习解题练习初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题(5)根据句子所缺成分选择。根据句子所缺成分选择。play activity favorite also and stoplife example happen but new makeFor example,learning can_59_ when you go to a museum.It can _60._ happen when you get a job.You learn when you _61._
24、a sport or when you take a trip.解题练习解题练习初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题(5)根据句子所缺成分选择。根据句子所缺成分选择。play activity favorite also and stoplife example happen but new makeFor example,learning can 59._ when you go to a museum.It can 60._ happen when you get a job.You learn when you 61._ a sport or when you take a trip
25、.happen alsoplay解题练习解题练习初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（07河北卷）河北卷）How can you think in English?I think the best way is to practice as what a football player does every day.During the _46_ the football player will pass the ball to his teammates over and over again.So he wont have to _47_ passing the b
26、all in the game,he will just do it.()46.A.practice B.break C.game D.day()47.A.wait for B.think about C.look at D.give up解题策略：解题策略：_根据上下文语境选择根据上下文语境选择 初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（07河北卷）河北卷）How can you think in English?I think the best way is to practice as what a football player does every day.Dur
27、ing the _46_ the football player will pass the ball to his teammates over and over again.So he wont have to _47_ passing the ball in the game,he will just do it.()46.A.practice B.break C.game D.day()47.A.wait for B.think about C.look at D.give up解题策略：解题策略：_根据上下文语境选择根据上下文语境选择 AB初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.
28、段落阅读段落阅读（08武汉卷）武汉卷）I dug a deep hole next to the rock and I dug a small incline（斜坡）（斜坡）up to the rock and the rock 63 down into the hole by itself.()63.A.lay B.dropped C.walked D.ran解题策略：解题策略：_根据文化背景和常识选择根据文化背景和常识选择 初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（08武汉卷）武汉卷）I dug a deep hole next to the rock and I du
29、g a small incline（斜坡）（斜坡）up to the rock and the rock 63 down into the hole by itself.()63.A.lay B.dropped C.walked D.ran解题策略：解题策略：_根据文化背景和常识选择根据文化背景和常识选择 D初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（08无锡卷）无锡卷）But that winter the cold weather killed all the worms because he had not 38 them in a warm place.()38.A.
30、caught B.found C.hidden D.put解题策略：解题策略：_单词辨义和固定搭配单词辨义和固定搭配 初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（08无锡卷）无锡卷）But that winter the cold weather killed all the worms because he had not 38 them in a warm place.()38.A.caught B.found C.hidden D.put解题策略：解题策略：_单词辨义和固定搭配单词辨义和固定搭配 D初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题5.2.段落阅读段落阅读（07江
31、西卷）江西卷）_47 you are in a group of six or more people,we 48 give you a special guided tour of the centre.But you 49 to arrange(安排安排)this at the information desk when you 50 .()47.A.When B.If C.Because D.Until()48.A.can B.must C.should D.have to()49.A.decide B.like C.hope D.need()50.A.return B.arrive C
32、.leave D.travel解题策略：解题策略：_句子结构和逻辑推理句子结构和逻辑推理 初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题5.2.段落阅读段落阅读（07江西卷）江西卷）_47 you are in a group of six or more people,we 48 give you a special guided tour of the centre.But you 49 to arrange(安排安排)this at the information desk when you 50 .()47.A.When B.If C.Because D.Until()48.A.can B.
33、must C.should D.have to()49.A.decide B.like C.hope D.need()50.A.return B.arrive C.leave D.travel解题策略：解题策略：_句子结构和逻辑推理句子结构和逻辑推理 BADB初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（08无锡卷）无锡卷）He bought more worms,which he took good care of.When winter came,he took them inside 40 they would stay warm.Many people bought h
34、is worms.()40.A.before B.until C.though D.so解题策略：解题策略：_根据上下文语境选择根据上下文语境选择初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（08无锡卷）无锡卷）He bought more worms,which he took good care of.When winter came,he took them inside 40 they would stay warm.Many people bought his worms.()40.A.before B.until C.though D.so解题策略：解题策略：_A根
35、据上下文语境选择根据上下文语境选择初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（07广西南宁卷）广西南宁卷）The students had a look at their workbooks and their _35_ turned red at once.()35.A.faces B.noses C.necks D.hands解题策略：解题策略：_根据文化背景和常识选择根据文化背景和常识选择 初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（07广西南宁卷）广西南宁卷）The students had a look at their workbooks and
36、 their _35_ turned red at once.()35.A.faces B.noses C.necks D.hands解题策略：解题策略：_A根据文化背景和常识选择根据文化背景和常识选择 初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（07湖北随州卷）湖北随州卷）Many people think that more time is spent,more work will be done.So students have to _36_ the whole day doing homework except during the three meals.()36
37、.A.buy B.get C.spend D.take解题策略：解题策略：_单词辩义和固定搭配单词辩义和固定搭配 初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（07湖北随州卷）湖北随州卷）Many people think that more time is spent,more work will be done.So students have to _36_ the whole day doing homework except during the three meals.()36.A.buy B.get C.spend D.take解题策略：解题策略：_单词辩义和固定
38、搭配单词辩义和固定搭配 C初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（08沈阳卷）沈阳卷）Im becoming more and more interested _25_ physics,and have decided that I want to _26_ it at university.Im going to try to go to _27_ Montreal or Ottawa University,as both _28_ supposed to have good Physics Departments.()25.A.in B.with C.at D.fro
39、m()26.A.make B.discover C.study D.keep()27.A.neither B.either C.both D.only()28.A.have B.has C.are D.is解题策略：解题策略：_单词辩义和固定搭配单词辩义和固定搭配 初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（08沈阳卷）沈阳卷）Im becoming more and more interested _25_ physics,and have decided that I want to _26_ it at university.Im going to try to go
40、to _27_ Montreal or Ottawa University,as both _28_ supposed to have good Physics Departments.()25.A.in B.with C.at D.from()26.A.make B.discover C.study D.keep()27.A.neither B.either C.both D.only()28.A.have B.has C.are D.is解题策略：解题策略：_ACBC单词辩义和固定搭配单词辩义和固定搭配 初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（08安徽卷）安徽卷）Wh
41、y do people shake hands _54_ shaking feet?This is because of the fact that a long time ago most people _55_ knives or guns.If some of them decided that they did not want to _56_,they would show their empty hands._57_ people shook hands so that they could not _58_ knives in their sleeves(袖子).Later on
42、,hand-shaking became a symbol of _59_.()54.A.such as B.as well as C.instead of D.together with()55.A.lost B.bought C.caught D.carried()56.A.cheat B.fight C.drop D.speak()57.A.Perhaps B.Happily C.Carefully D.Luckily()58.A.hide B.lift C.pull D.push()59.A.success B.victory C.pride D.peace解题策略：解题策略：_句子结
43、构和逻辑推理句子结构和逻辑推理初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读（08安徽卷）安徽卷）Why do people shake hands _54_ shaking feet?This is because of the fact that a long time ago most people _55_ knives or guns.If some of them decided that they did not want to _56_,they would show their empty hands._57_ people shook hands so tha
44、t they could not _58_ knives in their sleeves(袖子).Later on,hand-shaking became a symbol of _59_.()54.A.such as B.as well as C.instead of D.together with()55.A.lost B.bought C.caught D.carried()56.A.cheat B.fight C.drop D.speak()57.A.Perhaps B.Happily C.Carefully D.Luckily()58.A.hide B.lift C.pull D.
45、push()59.A.success B.victory C.pride D.peace解题策略：解题策略：_CDBAAD句子结构和逻辑推理句子结构和逻辑推理初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读(06江西卷江西卷)According to some scientists,the sound of western classical(古典的古典的)music makes people 44 richer.When a restaurant plays classical music,people spend 45 money on food and drinks.When
46、 the restaurant plays 46 music,people spend less money.With 47 music,people spend even less.()44.A.becomeB.getC.feel D.look()45.A.muchB.moreC.little D.less()46.A.popB.modernC.light D.country()47.A.noB.muchC.any D.some解题策略：解题策略：_句子结构和逻辑推理句子结构和逻辑推理初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题2.段落阅读段落阅读(06江西卷江西卷)According to s
47、ome scientists,the sound of western classical(古典的古典的)music makes people 44 richer.When a restaurant plays classical music,people spend 45 money on food and drinks.When the restaurant plays 46 music,people spend less money.With 47 music,people spend even less.()44.A.becomeB.getC.feel D.look()45.A.muc
48、hB.moreC.little D.less()46.A.popB.modernC.light D.country()47.A.noB.muchC.any D.some解题策略：解题策略：_CBBA句子结构和逻辑推理句子结构和逻辑推理初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题3.整段阅读整段阅读(08广东卷广东卷)Do you often think of your parents?You may say,“Of course,I _46_.I buy a present for my mother on Mothers Day and on Fathers Day I give my fath
49、er _47_,too.”But what about the other days of the year?I have a friend whose parents live in another city.One day I went to see her.We had a nice conversation.Then she wanted to _48_.So she dialed(拨号)the number,but then she put down the phone.After about fifteen _49_,she dialed the number again.“Hi,
50、Mom”46.A.will B.do C.wont D.dont47.A.a cake B.a kiss C.some money D.a present48.A.make a call B.pay a visit C.have a rest D.go for a walk49.A.seconds B.minutes C.hours D.days50.A.How B.What C.Why D.When初中英语完型填空专题初中英语完型填空专题 Later I asked,“_50_ did you dial the number twice?”She smiled,“My parents are