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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上学员姓名： 学科教师：年级：六年级 辅导科目：授课日期时间主题现在完成时学习及阅读拓展训练学习目标1 掌握现在完成时的基本概念及重要考点；2 灵活迁移阅读信息到写作表达中去。教学内容1、 上次课后巩固作业复习；2、 互动探索教学建议：1. 此部分3分钟左右。2. 通过以下图片，帮助学生了解现在完成时的构成，引入现在完成时的概念。3. 根据下图提示，要求学生进行现在完成时的介绍。现在每个学生选择一张图片。每个学生需用图片所给的提示词进行介绍，也可以介绍其他地方，由老师进行引导。看谁介绍的最好，有奖品哦！提示词： I have .（make cakes） (go Bung
2、ee jumping)Key：I have made cakes before. I have never gone Bungee jumping before.教学建议：1. 此部分5分钟左右。2. 通过以下图片，帮助学生熟悉现在完成时的构成。3. 根据下图提示，要求学生进行现在完成时的对话，需用所给句型“what is the most delicious food you have tasted?”。4. 学生可以说出其他自己喜欢的食物现在每个学生选择一种食物，同时找到一个搭档，然后需用所给句型“what is the most delicious food you have taste
3、d?”对话。教学建议：1. 此部分5分钟左右。2. 通过以下图片，帮助学生熟悉现在完成时的构成。3. 根据下图提示，要求学生进行现在完成时的对话，需用所给句型“what is the best place you have been to?”。4. 学生可以说出其他自己喜欢的地方现在每个学生选择一个地方，同时找到一个搭档，然后需用所给句型“what is the best place you have been to?”对话。 the Great Wall the West Lake Paris, France知识名称【知识梳理1】概念现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响或有无某方面的经
4、历。【知识梳理2】基本用法教学建议：做阅读拓展训练时，可以用竞答的方式让学生找出文章中出现的现在完成时，并从当堂课所学的内容进行分析。一、时态构成：have/has + 动词过去分词现在完成时态是很难掌握的一种时态，因为它并不是表示发生在某一时间的事情，而是既涉及过去，又联系现在的一种时态。比较：I live in Shanghai. 我住在上海。（一般现在时） I moved to Shanghai ten years ago. 十年前我搬到上海住了。（一般过去时） I have lived in Shanghai for ten years. 我在上海住了十年了。（现在完成时）二、用法详解
5、现在完成时的构成现在完成时由“have / has+过去分词”构成。其中的have / has 为助动词，构成疑问句时，可将其提前；构成否定句时，可直接在其后加not。过去分词的构成一般情况词尾+ed动词原形过去式和过去分词Walk行走 walkedWork工作 workedHelp帮助 helped以不发音字母e结尾词尾+d动词原形过去式和过去分词Decide决定 decidedHope希望 hopedLike喜欢 liked以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i，再加-ed动词原形过去式和过去分词Carry搬运 carriedHurry快 hurriedFly飞翔 flied以重读闭音节结尾，且末
6、尾只有一个辅音字母双写词尾+ed动词原形过去式和过去分词Stop停止 stoppedNod点头 noddedPlan计划 planned注意：上面介绍的都是过去式和过去分词的规则变化，也就是“动词原形+ed”.实际上还有许多动词的过去式和过去分词的变化是不规则的。如：（1） 动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式都相同：cutcut, cut(切割)（2） 过去式、过去分词形式都相同：bringbrought, brought(带来)（3） 动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式都不相同：gowent, gone(去)这些规则的变化需要逐个记忆。更多不规则动词的变化，可以查看书后附录。【例题精讲】写出下列动词
7、的过去式和过去分词形式。动词原形过去式过去分词do did donedropgobegincutmovefrygivesmellwinrun答案：动词原形过去式过去分词 dropdropped dropprdgo went gonebegin began begun cut cutcutmovemoved movedfryfried friedgive gave givensmell smeltsmelled smeltsmelledwin won wonrunran run【知识梳理3】现在完成时的用法1. 表影响：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果，可以和already
8、, yet, just等连用。 1) I have already posted the photos. 我已经把照片寄了。（照片不在我这里了）2) -have you had your lunch yet? 你吃午饭了吗？-Yes, I have just had it. 是的，我吃了，我刚刚吃过。（现在不饿了）完成句子：我们已经完成了工作: We work.她刚参加一个晚会回来 She from an evening party.We have just finished work.She has just come back from an evening party.2. 表继续：表示
9、过去已经开始，持续到现在，还可能继续下去的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用。如：this morning, these days, in the last (past), since, for a long time 等。 1)They have lived here since 1989. 自从1989年以来，他们就住在这里。 2) She has been there for over two years. 她在那里两年多了。她已当了20年的老师_你在这里住了多久了?_She has been a teacher for 20 years. How lon
10、g have you lived here?3. 表经验：表示从过去到现在之间曾经经历过的事情，常和never, ever, once, three times, before, ever since, recently等连用。 1) I have never been to Egypt before. 我以前从没去过埃及。2) He has been to Egypt three times. 他去过埃及3次了。你当过教师吗?_他过去从未开过车_ Have you ever been a teacher before? He has never driven a car.【例题精讲】1. W
11、e _ a new school in my hometown recently (最近).A. build B. have built C. built D. will build2.-Did your brother go to America last year?- _.A. No, he did never go there B.No, he has never gone there C. No, he never was there D. No, hes never been there 3 _ the Great Wall?A. Have you ever gone to B. A
12、re you ever going to C. Do you ever go to D. Have you ever been to4.I_ the book yet.A. havent read B. hadnt read C. dont read D. am not reading 5 They left for Beijing last month and we _ them ever since. A. dont hear from B. havent heard from C. wont hear from D. didnt hear from 6 He says he_ the b
13、ook several times already this year.A. had read B. has read C. will read D. is reading答案. 1-6 B D D A B B【知识梳理4】现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1. 现在完成时与一般过去时都表示过去的动作，但现在完成时强调动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的影响、生成的结果等等，而一般过去时只表示在过去的时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，强调动作，前者强调影响。1) A: Have you seen the film? 你看过这部电影吗？ B: Did you see the film? 你看过这部电影吗？A句
14、强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解；B句强调的是这部电影的动作是否发生过，并不强调是否知道其内容。2)A: She has watered the flowers.她已经浇了花。（不需要再浇了）B:She watered the flowers yesterday.她昨天浇的花。2. 表示过去的时间状语如： yesterday, last week , two years ago ,just now ,in 2002 等，以及when为首的疑问句与一般过去时连用，而不与现在完成时连用。1) Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （错）
15、 Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. （对）2) -have you ever been to the great wall? -Yes, I have.-When did you go there?-Last week.【知识梳理5】使用现在完成时的几个问题（非常重要，常考）have been to, have gone to和have been in1) have been to 表示“过去曾去过某地”，说话时已从该地回来或去了其它地方，总之，现在已不在该地。2) have gone to 表示“以去了某地”，说话时不在说话地点或在去
16、该地的途中，或已到了该地。总之，现在还未回来。3) have been in 表示“已在该地（待了多久）”。表示“已在小地方多久”，需用at, 而后面跟副词时只用have been，不用任何介词。Xiao Li have been to Beijing. 小李去过北京。Xiao Li have gone to Beijing. 小李去了北京。Xiao Li have been in Beijing for three years. 小李在北京待了三年了。【例题精讲】1 My father isnt here now. He _Shanghai. He _ there twice. A. has
17、 gone; has been B. has gone to; has been to C. has been to; has gone D. has gone to; has been2 -Hi! Bruce. I havent seen you for three weeks.-Hi! George. I_ America.A. have gone to B. went to C. have been to D. have been in3 My uncle_ London for five years. But he will be back next year.A. went B. h
18、as been in C. has gone D. has gone to4 -Could I speak to Mrs. Black, please?-Sorry, she _ to the library.A. is going B. has gone C. has been D. will to 5 Peter is young, but he_ many foreign countries.A. has been in B. has gone to C went to D. has been to答案： 1-5 D C D B D【知识梳理6】since的用法1) since +过去一
19、个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.2) since +一段时间+ ago I have been here since five months ago.比较since和forSince 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。I have lived here since I was born.Some new oilfields have been opened up since 1976. I have lived here
20、 for more than twenty years.【知识梳理7】现在完成时态中，当句中含有一段时间状语时，谓语动词短暂变延续！1. 现在完成时中有瞬间动词和延续性动词的区分：说明 “终止”、“延续”要转换：英语中的动词从词义上可以分为延续性和非延续性（瞬间动词）两种，在现在完成时态中一定要注意动词这一特性，当句中含有一段时间状语时，应将这类瞬间动词转换为延续性动词。瞬间动词：come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, die等。延续性动词：live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 例如： The film
21、has begun. The film has been onfor an hour.He has gone . He has been awayfor ten minutes.2、初中阶段常见的瞬间动词对应的延续性动词总结：leave - be away, borrow - keep, buy - have,begin/start - be on, die - be dead, finish - be over, fall ill - be ill, get up-be up, become - be, catch a cold - have a cold, go there - be th
22、ere, come back - be back, put on wear；go out -be out， get to/ arrive/reach - be (in)open(v.)-be open(adj.), join - be in+组织机构/ be a member of+组织机构 【知识梳理8】时间副词1. 副词的意义：用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和全局的词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式、动作、频度等。副词根据他们的意义，可以分为时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词和疑问副词。2. 副词的分类：时间副词：today, tomorrow, yesterday, always, of
23、ten, now, before等地点副词：here, there, down, up, down方式副词：slowly, badly, hard, fast程度副词：very, much, still, almost, too疑问副词：why, what, where, when, how【巩固练习】1._ you _reading the novel?A. Did; finish B. Have; finished C. Are; finished D. Do; finish 2.He _ in our school for 20 years and he _ here in 1977.A
24、. has taught; came B. has taught; has come C. taught; came D. has teached; has came3. The old man _ in this house since 1949.A. has lived B. had lived C. is living D. lives4. I hope I _ no mistake in my work so far （迄今为止）.A. make B. am making C. have made D. was making5. The life of the people_ grea
25、tly in the past years.A. has changed B. have changed C. changed D. are changing 6. Her grandpa_ for three years.A. has been dead B. has died C. had been dead D. died7. I _ her only twice since last year.A. see B. was seeing C. have seen D. saw8. Lucy _ to Shanghai once.A. went B. has gone C. has bee
26、n D. had been 9. -_ your homework yet?-Not yet, I_it.A. Have you done; am doing B. Did you do; did C. Did you do; am doing D. Have you done; did10. -Where_ the recorder? I cant see it anywhere.-I _ it right here half an hour ago. But now it is gone. A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put C. d
27、o you put; putting D. did you put; have put1-5 B A A C A 6-10 A C C A BReadingA. Choose the best answers:B. Read the passage and fill in the blanksI. Read the passage and choose the best answers: Cathys Self-portrait (自画像）Hello, everyone! My name is Cathy Ray and Im from South California, USA.I have
28、 always loved 7 My interests include (包括）travelling, reading, photography(摄影) and people-watching But what is people-watching? I think this changing worldis so wonderful 8 me. I like to watch the way we are different from others but also some of the ways which we are 9 same. I like to study the thin
29、gs that change us. I like to see 10 other people live. That is what I mean by people-watching.For most of the year, I live with my father in California but my mother lives and works in Shanghai so I am beginning to consider (把.看作) Shanghai my second home. I understand how hard it is 11 English becau
30、se Ive been learning Chinese and French for most of my life. Learning languages isnt easy but I hope to introduce (介绍) something to all of you to help make your English studies more interesting. In return, I will be learning more about Shanghai, my second home, and learning more about all of you!7.A
31、.writingB.writeC.writesD.wrote8.A.atB.aboutC.inD.to9.A./B.theC.allD.as10.A.howB.whereC.whatD.when11.A.learnB.learningCto learnD.learns答案：ADBACSpeaking and WritingMy best friend答案：My best friend is Kate. Were in the same class. She is 12 years old. She is a very beautiful girl, and always smiles. She
32、 has big eyes, a small mouth and long black hair. She always wears T-shirt and jeans.She is good at all subjects. She likes English and Maths very much. Her favourite sports are basketball and running. She does well in basketball. She likes listening to the song . She likes singing and watch animate
33、d cartoon, too,for example,. She was awarded as “ Student Star ” in our school last term.Why are we best friends? Because we can play games and see the film in the cinema together. She often teaches me on rope skipping.We feel very happy when we are together.（此部分测试时间为15分钟左右，讲评时间为10分钟左右。对本次所学内容进行检测）教
34、学建议：此部分必须由班级学员合作完成。建议步骤为：1) 在15分钟内学员独立完成测试；2) 老师给出答案，学员相互批改；3) 在10分钟内就错题学员间相互合作，讨论错题，保证每一位学员都懂；4) 老师随机抽查，根据学生的整体表现给出此部分的班级得分（评分标准参考课堂激励评分标准）I. Read and choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案)1.The Korean girl can speak Chinese without difficulty because she _ in China for years. A. stay B. will stayC. has
35、 stayedD. stayed2. The Greens_ the welcome party already before Henry came to talk about it.A. has arrangedB. would arrangeC. were arrangingD. had arranged3. Mr. and Mrs. Williams _ in San Francisco since they returned to the USA from Japan.A. had worked B. have worked C. work D. are working4. My si
36、ster _ plenty of volunteer work in the past seven years.A. does B. is doing C. has done D. had done5. Minions (小黄人) _ pretty popular since the film “Despicable Me” was shown.A. becomeB. will becomeC. have becomeD. are becoming6. A：Is that your manager, Lucy? B: That cant be Mr. Wang. He _ to Sydney
37、with his daughter.A. has been B. had been C. had gone D. has gone7. Johnson _ two tickets for the concert before Joe made a phone call to him.A. had booked B. booked C. has booked D. were booking8. Americans_ New York City ”The Big Apple” since 1971.A. call B. called C. has called D. have called9.By
38、 the end of last week, Maggie _ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children.A. will stay B. has stayed C. would stay D. had stayed 10. The boy _ for her in the rain for nearly half an hour before she appeared.A.waits B.waitedC.has waited D. had waited11. I_30 pages of the book
39、so far, but I hope to finish it by next week.A. read B. am reading C. have read D. will read12. Mr. Li knows much about London. He _ to the city three times.A. goes B. went C. has gone D. has been13. How time flies! It _ three years since I became a junior high school student.A. has been B.have been
40、 C. had been D.was14.Many peopleof Ebola virus (埃博拉病毒)in the past a few months.A. die B. diedC. have diedD. will die15. -hethe driving test? - No, not yet.A. Did, pass B. Does, pass C. Have, passed D. Has, passed16. Our monitor _ to bring the key, so we cant enter the classroom right now.A. forgets B. forgot C. has forgot D. had forgot17. Hello Kitty _ popular around the world since it was c