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1、2019年高考英语模拟题汇编及答案解析专题0 5 阅读理解一、2019年高考真题I.应用文1.【2019全国卷I,ANeed a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs.Thedeadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student?Go to the government website to learn about pr
2、ograms and online tools available to help peopleunder 30 build skills,find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province,you could be eligible（符合条件）for this program.Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with trainin
3、g.Who is eligible:Youth 15-18 years old in select communities（社区）.Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to$3,000 to start andrun their own summer businesses.Who is eligible:Students aged 15-29,returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth
4、 Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projectsfor eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible:Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire,but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities（机会）Through the Summ
5、er Employment Opportunities program,students are hired each year in a variety of summerpositions across the Provincial Public Service,its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible:Students aged 15 or older.Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 forpersons with a disab
6、ility.21.What is special about Summer Company?A.It requires no training before employment.B.It provides awards for running new businesses.C.It allows one to work in the natural environment.D.It offers more summer job opportunities.22.What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
7、?A.15-18.B.15-24.C.15-29.D.16-17.23.Which program favors the disabled?A.Jobs for Youth.B.Summer Company.C.Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D.Summer Employment Opportunities.【语篇解读】本文为应用文。本文叙述了省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生暑期在找到工作。21.B【解析】细节理解题。根据 Summer Company 部分中的“Summer Company provides students with.award
8、sof up to$3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses 可知“Summer Company 为学生提供高达3000美元的奖励,来开始和经营他们自己的暑期业务”start and run their own summer businesses即“为开办新的业务”，这对应B 项中的“runn new businesses，二者是词义之间的转述关系。故选B。22.D【解析】细节理解题。根据 Stewardship Youth Ranger Program 部分中的第二段“Who is eligible:Studentsaged 16
9、or 17 at time of hire,but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.“可知”符合条件的学生：16岁或17岁的学生，但在今年12月 3 1 日之前未满18岁”。由此得出，这个项目要求年龄在16-17岁之间。分析选项可知D 项符合题意，故选D。23.D【解析】细节理解题。根 据 Summer Employment Opportunities部分中的最后一段最后一句Who iseligible:.Some positions require students to be 15to 24 or up to 29 for perso
10、ns with a disability”,可知Summer Employment Opportunities有些职位是给残疾人的。分析选项可知，D 项符合题意，故选D。2.【2019 全国卷H,AMy Favourite BooksJo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series（系 歹l ）of lifestyle books.Here she picks her top reads.MatildaRoald DahlI once wrote a paper on the inf
11、luence of fairy tales on Roald Dahfs writing and it gave me a new appreciationtor his strange and delightful words.Matildas battles with her cruel me parents and the bossy headmisres,MissTrunchbull,are equally fumy and frightening,but theyre also aspirational.After DarkHaruki MurakamiIts about two s
12、isters-Eri,a model who either wont or cant stop sleeping,and Mari,a young student.Intrying to connect to her sister.Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse“night people“who arehiding secrets.Gone GirlGillian FynnThere was a bit of me that didnt want to love this when everyone
13、else on the planet did but the horror story isbrilliant.Theres tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust.Its a real whodunitand the frustration when you realise whats going on is horribly enjoyableThe StandStephen KingThis is an excellent fantasy novel from one of
14、the best storytellers around.After a serious flu outbreak wipesout 99.4%of the worlds population,a battle unfolds between good and evil among those let.Randall Flagg is oneof the scariest characters ever.21.Who does 2 refer to in the text?A.Stephen King.B.Gillian Flynn.C.Jo Usmar.D.Roald Dahl22.Whic
15、h of the following tells about Mari and Eri?A.Cosmopolitan.B.Matilda.C.After Dark.D.The Stand.23.What kind of book is Gone Girl?)A.A folk tale.B.A biography.C.A love story.D.A horror story.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了作家J。Usmar最喜欢的书籍。21.C【解析】细节理解题。由 Matilda 中的I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tal
16、es on Roald Dahls writingand it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words”可知，我曾经写过一篇关于童话故事对罗尔德 达尔写作有影响的论文，这篇论文让我对他奇怪而有趣的文字有了新的认识。所 以 Jo Usmar在介绍M atilda这本书，用第一人称力”口吻来说明自己曾经写过一篇关于童话故事对罗尔德达尔写作有影响的论文。所以T 指的是JoUsmar。故 C 选项正确。22.C【解析】细节理解题。由 After Dark 中的Its about two sister-Eri,a m
17、odel who either wont or cant stopsleeping,and Mari,a young student”可知，故事讲的是两个姐妹一Eri是一个突然一觉不醒的模特。玛丽，是一个充满青春活力的上和古董店里寻找旧的军队勋章，然后将这些勋章归还它们的合法主人。文章主要叙述了他这一爱好的起源。21.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Zac knows the meaning of a Puiple Heart一he earned one himself in a waras a soldier”可知，当 Zac还是一名士兵的时候，在次战争中他获得了一枚 Purple H
18、earl。故 A 选项正确。22.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“To drive eight hours to come to see me”可以推知，Adeline为了那枚Purple Heart开车八个小时来见Z ac,由此可知，她对于这件事是认真地。因此，At that point,I knew she meantbusiness应该指的是Zac意识到Adeline对这枚勋章是认真的。故 B 选项正确。23.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Corrado,a translator.was killed in action in Europe”和倒数第三段中的“as I gr
19、ew older.and missed my brother more and more,I realized that was the only thing we had left”这枚勋章寄托了 Adeline对于去世的哥哥Corrado的回忆和思念，这是他们家留下的唯一关于哥哥的东西了。因此她很珍惜这枚勋章。故 D 选项正确。8.【2019 浙江卷，BMoney with no strings attached.Its not something you see every day.But at Union Station in Los Angeles lastmonth,a board
20、 went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read,Give What You Can,TakeWhat You Need.People quickly caught on.And while many took dollars,many others pinned their own cash to the board.People of all ages,races,and socio-economic（社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took,“said Tyler Bri
21、dges of TheToolbox,which created the project,We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a fewdollars.Most of the bills on the board were singles,but a few people left fives,tens and even twenties.The videoclip（片段）shows one man who had found a$20 bill pinning it to the boa
22、rd.“What I can say for the folks that gave the most,is that they were full of smiles,“Bridges said.Theres acertain feeling that giving can do fbr you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.Most people who tookdollars took only a few,but Bridges said a very small number took as much as the
23、y could.While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign,Bridges said the only goal was to show generosityand sympathy.He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos onthe Internet.After all,everyone has bad days and good days,”he said.Some
24、 days you need a helping hand and somedays you can be the one giving the helping hand.24.What does the expression money with no strings attached0 in paragraph 1 mean?A.Money spent without hesitation.B.Money not legally made.C.Money offered without conditions.D.Money not tied together.25.What did Bri
25、dges want to show by mentioning the bride?A.Women tended to be more sociable.B.The activity attracted various people.C.Economic problems were getting worse.D.Young couples needed financial assistance.26.Why did Bridges carry out the project?A.To do a test on peoples morals.B.To raise money for his c
26、ompany.C.To earn himself a good reputation.D.To promote kindness and sympathy.【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了上个月在洛杉矶的联合车站，一块牌子上别针别满了美元,上面写着“给予你所能给与的，拿走你所需要的”。这样的活动吸引了各种各样的人，组织者希望通过这样的活动来提倡仁慈和同情。24.C【解析】词义猜测题。由第一段But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month,a board went up with dollar billsattached to it with
27、 pins and a sign that read,Give What You Can,Take What You Need.”可 矢 口，但是上个月在洛杉矶的联合车站，一块牌子上别针别满了美元，上面写着“给予你所能给与的，拿走你所需要的所以通过下文的语境，判断出第1段中的money with no strings attached是“无条件提供的钱 的意思。故 B 选项正确。25.B【解析】推理判断题。由第二段“People of all ages,races,and socio-economic（社会经济的）backgrounds gaveand took,said Tyler Brid
28、ges of The Toolbox,which created the project.We even had a bride in her wedding dresscome up to the board and take a few dollars.”可知，发起该项活动的泰勒布里奇斯说:“所有年龄、种族和社会经济背景的人都会付出和索取甚至有一位穿着婚纱的新娘来到了牌子前，拿走了一些钱。所以通过泰勒 布里奇斯所说的，可以判断出，他提到新娘就是想说明这项活动吸引了各种各样的人。故 B 选项正确。26.D【解析】细节理解题。由倒数第二段“While the clip might look l
29、ike part of a new ad campaign,Bridges said theonly goal was to show generosity and sympathy”可知，尽管这段视频看起来像是一项新的广告活动的一部分，但是布里奇斯说这次活动唯一的目标是表现出慷慨和同情。所以布里奇斯实施这个活动是为了提倡仁慈和同情。故 D 选项正确。III.说明文1.12019 全国卷I,CAs data and identity theft becomes more and more common,the market is growing for biometric（生物测量）techn
30、ologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private e-spaces.At present,these technologies arestill expensive,though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device（装置）that gets around thisproblem:a smart keyboard.This smart keyboard precisely measures the cade
31、nce（节奏）with which one types andthe pressure fingers apply to each key.The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things likethe force of a users typing and the time between key presses.These patterns are unique to each person.Thus,thekeyboard can determine peoples identities,an
32、d by extension,whether they should be given access to the computerits connected to-regardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with.Everybody uses akeyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describ
33、ing the technology,the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word touchfbur times usingthe smart keyboard.Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on howthey typed,with very low error rates.The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straigh
34、tforward tocommercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive,plastic-like parts.The team hopes to make it to market in thenear future.28.Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?A.To reduce pressure on keys.B.lb improve accuracy in typingC.To replace the password system.D.To cut the cost of e
35、-space protection.29.What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?A.Computers are much easier to operate.B.Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.C.Typing patterns vary from person to person.D.Data security measures are guaranteed.30.What do the researchers expect of the smart keybo
36、ard?all lo soisgitieoco oil.A.Itll be environment-friendly.B.Itll reach consumers soon.C.Itll be made of plastics.D.Itll help speed up typing.31.Where is this text most likely from?A.A diary.B.A guidebook C.A novel.D.A magazine.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。数据和身份盗窃变得越来越普遍，目前，向指纹扫描等这些技术仍然是昂贵的。本文介绍了一种新的科技智能键盘，它能给e-sp
37、ace用户带来安全，而且这项技术也不贵。28.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的 At present,these technologies are still expensive,though.和第二段的Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem:asmart key board.可知，研究者们开发智能键盘是为了降低e-space保护的成本。故选D029.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的 The key board
38、could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things likethe force of a users typing and the time between key presses.These patterns are unique to each person.Thus,thekeyboard can determine peopled identities可知，因为每个人的打字方式不同，使智能键盘能够识别人的身份。故选C。30.B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的The team hopes to make it to ma
39、rket in the near future.可知，研究者们希望智能键盘能早日面世。故选B。31.D【解析】推理判断题。本文介绍了一种新的科技智能键盘，它能给e space用户带来安全，由此可知,本文是关于科技，结合所给选项可知，本文可能来自于一本杂志。故选D。2.【2019 全国卷I,DDuring the rosy years of elementary school（小学），I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes,which allowed me tokeep my high social status.I was the queen of the p
40、layground.Then came my tweens and teens,and mean girls andcool kids.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes,breaking rules and playing jokeson others,among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology.Mitch Prinstein,a professor o
41、f clinical psychologysorts the popular into two categories:the likable and the status seekers.The likables plays-well-with-othersqualities strengthen schoolyard friendships,jump-start interpersonal skills and,when tapped early,are employedever after in life and work.Then theres the kind of popularit
42、y that appears in adolescence:status born of power andeven dishonorable behavior.Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed,Dr.Prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences.Those whowere highest in status in high school,as well as those least liked in elementary school,are most likely toengage（从事）i
43、n dangerous and risky behavior.In one study,Dr.Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents,scoring the least liked,themost liked and the highest in status based on student surveys（调查研究）.“We found that the least well-liked teenshad become more aggressive over time toward their c
44、lassmates.But so had those who were high in status.It clearlyshowed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment,high status has just the opposite effect on us.Dr.Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing,kindness,openness-carry over
45、to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.In analyzing his and other research,Dr.Prinstein came to another conclusion:Not only is likability related topositive life outcomes,but it is also responsible for those outcomes,too.Being liked creates opportunities forlearnin
46、g and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage,he said.32.What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.33.What is the second paragraph mainly about?A.The classification of the popular.B.The characteristics
47、of adolescents.C.The importance of interpersonal skills.D.The causes of dishonorable behavior34.What did Dr.Prinsteins study find about the most liked kids?A.They appeared to be aggressive.B.They tended to be more adaptable.C.They enjoyed the highest status.D.They performed well academically.35.What
48、 is the best title for the text?A.Be Nice-You Wont Finish LastB.The Higher the Status,the BeerC.Be the Best-You Can Make ItD.More Self-Control,Less Aggressiveness【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲到研究表明，对别人好，讨人喜欢对人生活的各个方面有深远的有益影响。32.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段 During the rosy years of elementary school,I enjoyed sharing my do
49、lls andjokes,which allowed me to keep my high social status（在美好的小学时光里，我喜欢分享我的娃娃和笑话，这让我保持了高高的社会地位。）由此推断出，作者在小学早期时，是一个慷慨的女孩。unkind不友善的；lonely寂寞的;generous慷慨的；cool冷静的，故选C。33.A【解析】主旨大意题。第二段 Mitch Prinstein,a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into twocategories:the likable and the status
50、seekers.（临床心理学教授Mitch Prinstein将受欢迎的人分为两类:讨人喜欢的人和追求地位的人。）是段落主题句，本段内容分别对the likable the status seekers做了解释，所以本段主要介绍了两种受欢迎的分类，故选A。34.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段 It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment（它清楚地表明，可爱可以促使健全的调整），由此推断出，心理学教授Mitch Prinstein的研究表明，最有人望的孩子适应性更强，故选B。35.A【解析】主旨大意