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1、4.1 Operating System（操作系统）公公众众号号 陈陈西西设设计计之之家家 微微信信搜搜索索即即可可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可操作系统Operating System计算机专业英语chapter fourchapter four SoftwareSoftware公公众众号号 陈陈西西设设计计之之家家 微微信信搜搜索索即即可可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可What is Wireless Computer Networking?Wireless networks utilize radio waves
2、 and/or microwaves to maintain communication channels between computers.Wireless networking is a more modern alternative to wired networking that relies on copper and/or fiber optic cabling between network devices.boot（启动），BIOS（基本输入输出系统），install（安装，安置），remarkable（不同寻常的），It turns out that the BIOS is
3、 the third type of software your computer needs to operate successfully.In this part,youll learn all about BIOS what it does,and how toOperating System（操作系统）计算机专业英语TextUEFI（Unified Extensible Firmware Interfaceplatform统一可扩展固件接口）So long as we turn on the computer,it starts to run the procedure.The fi
4、rst procedure a computer runs is the operating system.Why does a computer firstly run the operating system,but not application procedure,for example,the Word?The operating system is the“intermediate”of application procedure and computer hardware.If there is not the unified arrangement and management
5、 of the operating system,the computer hardware cannot carry out the application procedure at all.The operating system provides an interactive interface for the computer hardware and the application procedure,and it is also in charge of the basic work of each part of computer hardware.Normally,functi
6、ons relevant to the operating system are:job management;resource management;control of I/O operations;error recovery;memory management.公公众众号号 陈陈西西设设计计之之家家 微微信信搜搜索索即即可可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可information（信息），memory（内存），primary storage（主存）计算机专业英语computer englishKey wordsoperating system（操作系统
7、）function（功能）job management（作业管理）resource management（资源管理）error recovery（差错排除）memory management（存储管理）常见的操作系统国产操作系统银河麒麟（Kylin）统信（UOS）国外有Windows 8Windows 10Linux公公众众号号 陈陈西西设设计计之之家家 微微信信搜搜索索即即可可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可What is Wireless Computer Networking?Wireless networks utilize radio waves
8、and/or microwaves to maintain communication channels between computers.Wireless networking is a more modern alternative to wired networking that relies on copper and/or fiber optic cabling between network devices.boot（启动），BIOS（基本输入输出系统），install（安装，安置），remarkable（不同寻常的），It turns out that the BIOS is
9、the third type of software your computer needs to operate successfully.In this part,youll learn all about BIOS what it does,and how toOperating System（操作系统）计算机专业英语TextUEFI（Unified Extensible Firmware Interfaceplatform统一可扩展固件接口）Linux(/links/）is a family of open-source UNIX-like operating systems base
10、d on the Linux kernel,an operating system kernel first released on September 17,1991,by Linus Torvalds.Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution.Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries,many of which are provided by the GNU Project.Many Linux dist
11、ributions use the word“Linux”in their name,but the Free Software Foundation uses the name“GNU/Linux”to emphasize the importance of GNU software,causing some controversy.Linux公公众众号号 陈陈西西设设计计之之家家 微微信信搜搜索索即即可可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可What is Wireless Computer Networking?Wireless networks utili
12、ze radio waves and/or microwaves to maintain communication channels between computers.Wireless networking is a more modern alternative to wired networking that relies on copper and/or fiber optic cabling between network devices.boot（启动），BIOS（基本输入输出系统），install（安装，安置），remarkable（不同寻常的），It turns out th
13、at the BIOS is the third type of software your computer needs to operate successfully.In this part,youll learn all about BIOS what it does,and how toOperating System（操作系统）计算机专业英语TextUEFI（Unified Extensible Firmware Interfaceplatform统一可扩展固件接口）Linux was originally developed for personal computers base
14、d on the Intel x86 architecture,but has since been ported to more platforms than any other operating system.Because of the dominance of the Linux-based Android on smartphones,Linux also has the largest installed base of all general-purpose operating systems.Linux is one of the most prominent example
15、s of free and open-source software collaboration.The source code may be used,modified and distributed commercially or non-commercially by anyone under the terms of its respective licenses,such as the GNU General Public License.90%of all cloud infrastructure is powered by Linux including supercompute
16、rs and cloud providers.74%of smartphones in the world are Linux-based.Popular Linux distributions include Debian,Fedora,and Ubuntu.Commercial distributions include Red Hat Enterprise Linux and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server.Desktop Linux distributions include a windowing system such as X11 or Wayland,
17、and a desktop environment such as GNOME or KDE Plasma.公公众众号号 陈陈西西设设计计之之家家 微微信信搜搜索索即即可可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可information（信息），memory（内存），primary storage（主存）计算机专业英语computer englishKey wordsLinux（一种自由操作系统）open-source（开放源代码的）UNIX-like（类Unix系统），distribution（发行版），libraries（库），supercomputers（超级计
18、算机）Red Hat Enterprise Linux（红帽企业版Linux），architecture（体系结构），Android（安卓系统），smartphones（智能手机），license（许可证），infrastructure（基础设施Notes1GNU Project：革奴计划，是由理查德斯托曼在1983年9月27日公开发起的自由软件集体协作计划。它的目标是创建一套完全自由的操作系统GNU。2Free Software Foundation：自由软件基金会，是一个致力于推广自由软件、促进计算机用户自由的美国民间非营利性组织。它于1985年10月由理查德斯托曼建立。其主要工作是执行G
19、NU计划，开发更多的自由软件，完善自由软件理念。公公众众号号 陈陈西西设设计计之之家家 微微信信搜搜索索即即可可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可What is Wireless Computer Networking?Wireless networks utilize radio waves and/or microwaves to maintain communication channels between computers.Wireless networking is a more modern alternative to wired networ
20、king that relies on copper and/or fiber optic cabling between network devices.boot（启动），BIOS（基本输入输出系统），install（安装，安置），remarkable（不同寻常的），It turns out that the BIOS is the third type of software your computer needs to operate successfully.In this part,youll learn all about BIOS what it does,and how toO
21、perating System（操作系统）计算机专业英语TextUEFI（Unified Extensible Firmware Interfaceplatform统一可扩展固件接口）Kylin is an operating system developed by academics at the National University of Defense Technology in the Peoples Republic of China since 2001.It is named after the mythical beast qilin.The first versions w
22、ere based on FreeBSD and were intended for use by the Chinese military and other government organizations.With version 3.0 Kylin became Linux-based,and there is a version called NeoKylin which was announced in 2010.By 2019 NeoKylin variant is compatible with more than 4,000 software and hardware pro
23、ducts and it ships pre-installed on most computers sold in China.Together,Kylin and Neokylin have 90%market share of the government sector.Kylin(operating system)公公众众号号 陈陈西西设设计计之之家家 微微信信搜搜索索即即可可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可What is Wireless Computer Networking?Wireless networks utilize radio wav
24、es and/or microwaves to maintain communication channels between computers.Wireless networking is a more modern alternative to wired networking that relies on copper and/or fiber optic cabling between network devices.boot（启动），BIOS（基本输入输出系统），install（安装，安置），remarkable（不同寻常的），It turns out that the BIOS
25、is the third type of software your computer needs to operate successfully.In this part,youll learn all about BIOS what it does,and how toOperating System（操作系统）计算机专业英语UEFI（Unified Extensible Firmware Interfaceplatform统一可扩展固件接口）A separate project using Ubuntu as the base Linux operating system was ann
26、ounced in 2013.The first version of Ubuntu Kylin was released in April 2013.In August 2020,v10 of Kylin OS was launched.It is compatible with 10,000 hardware and software products and it“supports Googles Android ecosystem”.，crosstalk（串音干扰，交调失真），electromagnetic induction）Kylin（银河麒麟），NeoKylin（中标麒麟），Fr
27、eeBSD（一种可免费使用的UNIX操作系统），compatible（兼容的）be released（发行，发布）be launched（推出，投放市场）ecosystem（生态系统）be based on：基于pre-installed on 预装key words公公众众号号 陈陈西西设设计计之之家家 微微信信搜搜索索即即可可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可What is Wireless Computer Networking?Wireless networks utilize radio waves and/or microwaves to main
28、tain communication channels between computers.Wireless networking is a more modern alternative to wired networking that relies on copper and/or fiber optic cabling between network devices.boot（启动），BIOS（基本输入输出系统），install（安装，安置），remarkable（不同寻常的），It turns out that the BIOS is the third type of softwar
29、e your computer needs to operate successfully.In this part,youll learn all about BIOS what it does,and how toOperating System（操作系统）计算机专业英语TextUEFI（Unified Extensible Firmware Interfaceplatform统一可扩展固件接口）Unity Operating System(also known as UOS)is a Chinese Linux distribution developed by UnionTech ba
30、sed on Deepin and used in the Peoples Republic of China as part of a government initiative beginning in 2019 to replace foreign-made software such as Microsoft Windows with domestic products.Three versions are currently under development,a desktop for regular users(Deepin),another for enterprises(UO
31、S)and a server version(UOS).A first beta version was released in December 2019 and can be downloaded from the official website.A first stable version was released on 14 January 2020.Unity Operating System（UOS）公公众众号号 陈陈西西设设计计之之家家 微微信信搜搜索索即即可可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可information（信息），memory（内存
32、），primary storage（主存）计算机专业英语computer englishKey wordsUnity Operating System（统一操作系统），UnionTech（联合技术）Deepin（武汉深之度科技有限公司开发的深度操作系统）foreign-made software（国外软件）domestic products（国产产品）Notesto replace：取代，替代公公众众号号 陈陈西西设设计计之之家家 微微信信搜搜索索即即可可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可What is Wireless Computer Networking
33、?Wireless networks utilize radio waves and/or microwaves to maintain communication channels between computers.Wireless networking is a more modern alternative to wired networking that relies on copper and/or fiber optic cabling between network devices.boot（启动），BIOS（基本输入输出系统），install（安装，安置），remarkabl
34、e（不同寻常的），It turns out that the BIOS is the third type of software your computer needs to operate successfully.In this part,youll learn all about BIOS what it does,and how toOperating System（操作系统）计算机专业英语TextUEFI（Unified Extensible Firmware Interfaceplatform统一可扩展固件接口）Windows 8 is a new generation of o
35、perating system after Windows 7 which was officially launched by Microsoft on 26 October 2012.The Windows 8 operating system is a revolution change which has the unique start interface and,touch interaction system and aim to make peoples daily operation more easily and quickly,Windows 8 provides eff
36、icient and convenient work environment.It supports chip architecture from Intel,AMD and ARM,which was made by Microsoft research Cambridge and ETH Zurich.The system has a better durability,it starts faster and uses less memory,and it was compatible with Windows 7 supported software and hardware.Wind
37、ows 8公公众众号号 陈陈西西设设计计之之家家 微微信信搜搜索索即即可可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可What is Wireless Computer Networking?Wireless networks utilize radio waves and/or microwaves to maintain communication channels between computers.Wireless networking is a more modern alternative to wired networking that relies on
38、 copper and/or fiber optic cabling between network devices.boot（启动），BIOS（基本输入输出系统），install（安装，安置），remarkable（不同寻常的），It turns out that the BIOS is the third type of software your computer needs to operate successfully.In this part,youll learn all about BIOS what it does,and how toOperating System（操作系
39、统）计算机专业英语TextUEFI（Unified Extensible Firmware Interfaceplatform统一可扩展固件接口）Windows 10 is a new generation of cross-platform operating system which is researched and developed by Microsoft.All eligible Windows 7,Windows 8.1 and Windows Phone 8.1 users will be able to upgrade to the Windows 10 for free.
40、Microsoft will provide a permanent life cycle support for all equipment which has been upgraded to the Windows 10.The Windows 10 operating system restore the original start menu,so that its easier to old customers to use win10 desktop.Windows 10 may be the last Windows version of Microsoft published
41、,and the next generation of Windows will appear as the Update form.Windows 10公公众众号号 陈陈西西设设计计之之家家 微微信信搜搜索索即即可可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可information（信息），memory（内存），primary storage（主存）计算机专业英语computer englishKey wordsconvenient（方便的）environment（环境）architecture（架构）compatible（兼容的）cross-platform（跨平台的）eligible（合适的，符合条件的）upgrade（升级）original（原来的）Notesaim to：目的是，目的在于be able to：能够appear as：作为出现so that：以便，结果公公众众号号 陈陈西西设设计计之之家家 微微信信搜搜索索即即可可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可公众号：陈西设计之家。微信搜索即可感谢观看 a n k y o u f o r w a t c h i n g计算机专业英语