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1、病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程介词病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程介词是高考中的一个重要考点，在连续两年的高考中都有两空是专门考查介词的,除此以外，介词还频繁出现在完型填空和短文改错。涉及面较广，考察了学生的词汇量和对介词的正确使用考点解密病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程 介词(preposition)一 介词的分类与语法功能1.介词是虚词，不能单独做句子成分，
2、必须与名词、代词（或相当于名词的其他词类、短语、或从句）构成介词短语，在句子中充当一个成分。介词分为：简单介词:at、in、on、for、to 合成介词:within、inside、onto、throughout.短语介词:according to、out of、because of、by means of、in spite of、instead of 病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程双重介词：from behind/above/under,until after 分词介词：considering,including
3、,judging from/by 1.It is going to rain this afternoon according to the weather forecast.2.He quarrelled with her yesterday.3.He succeeded in passing the final examination.4.Im still thinking of how I can fulfill the task ahead of time.5.The professor will give us a talk on how to study English well.
4、病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程总结 1：介词后常接 名词、代词、动名词、从句、不定式组成介词短语。总结 2:介词短语在句子中可作表语、定语、状语和宾补。This machine is in good condition.Where is the key to my bike?Nothing in the world could live without air or water.She always thinks herself above others病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，
5、且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程二.介词搭配1.动词 介词v rob sb of sth(clear/inform/cheat/remind/accuse/cure.etc)v supply us with sth=supply sth to/for sb(provide/fill)v make sth of/from/into v 介词 the+人体部位（strike/catch/hit/v prevent sb from doing病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程v persuade sb int
6、o/out of doing sth(advise/warn/reason)v buy sth for sb(leave/get/win/gain/lose)v tell sth to sb(show/teach/sing/write/read)v give sth to sb(allow/promise/pass/hand)v say to sb(suggest/explain/apologize/murmur/whisper)v 同一介词与不同动词（to/for/at 同一动词与不同介词的搭配(look/agree/hear/call/stand 病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体
7、内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程2.形容词 介词 afraid/angry/anxious/tired/strict/good popular/pleased/known/familiar1.Im afraid _ being late for school because my head teacher is very strict _ us.2.Einstein was known _ his theory of relativity _ a famous physics scientist _ the world.3.He is angry _ wha
8、t his e-pal has said for he is tired _ being laughed at by others.4.The boy is familiar _ the fiction because it is very popular _ teenagers so far.病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程 3.名词 介词 1.The absence/lack of water is the most serious problem.2.The girl has a good way _ stud
9、ying English.3.The key _ success lies in diligence and wisdom.三 重点介词的用法归纳与辨析1.表示世纪、年、月、季、周 用 in/during,in the 1990s,in May,in spring,in the first week of June2.在某一天或某天上、下午、晚上、前夕 用 on3.在某一时刻、或某一点时间用 at.病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程4.till,until,to 的用法。1）till/until 与延续动词连用，用于肯
10、定句，与短暂 动词连用用在否定句（在句首、强调句 不用till).2)to 表终结常与from 连用 from to from time to time from hand to hand from door to door from house to house from one+名词 to another 表“依次”名词+by+同一名词 one by one 5.in,after,later in+一段时间.常用 一般将来时。after+一段时间.常用一般过去时。after+点时间.用各种时态。一段时间 later 过去时病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一
11、定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程6.地点介词:at,on,in,to,off across,through over,under below,above to（静态）,towards(动态）,along7.表示方式、手段、工具 的介词 by/through(表泛指 的方式、手段）by(交通工具类）by/with/in(方式、手段）1.The boy likes writing _ a pen and especially likes writing _ blue and black ink.2.He got full mark _ his own effort,he often co
12、ntacts with his epals _ email.病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程8.On 与 about 区别简单区分：about 通俗大众；on 学术【专业】性强on 与about 二者都是介词，意为“关于，论及”等，一般情况下，二者可以互相替换，但二者有点区别：about 常用于简单的或浅显的论述等，是一般用语，多用于讲故事，谈话；思考等；on 多用于系统论述或专题讲演、论著等，具有学术性，如：The teacher told us a story about Lei Feng.Its very mo
13、ving.He will give us a talk on the history of the Party.他将给我们做个关于党史的报告。病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程注意:learn about,read about,quarrel about,hear about,story about 等短语一般涉及知识的深度,所以不能用on 代替about。Were going to listen to a lecture African history this afternoonHe wrote the schoo
14、l.It is a book birds.那是一本论及鸟类的书。(可能是一本学术著作)It is a book birds.那是一本关于鸟类的书。(可能是一本供小孩看的故事书)病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程9.表“除 之外”的介词 besides,but except，except for,except that 注意：1）前面有不定代词、疑问代词时，多用but All but one are here.Nobody but I likes literature.2）后接不定式短语为排除对象时，多用butHe ha
15、s nothing to do but wait.3)固定短语 have no choice but to do sth（只得做某事）can not but do sth cannot help but do sth(不得不）but for/but that（要不是）病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程10.between/among(三者以上）1）Mary is sitting _ Tom and wang Li.2）She was busy _ cooking,washing,sewing and looking a
16、fter the baby.3）Shanghai is _the largest cities in the world.4）A horse can be seen _ trees now.病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程 1.He didnt come to the meeting _ his illness.2.The reason _ his being angry is that he lost his cell phone.3._ a heavy snow,the highway has been clos
17、ed up.4.The accident is _ the drivers drinking.10 表原因的介词：for,because of,due to,owing to,on account of,as a result of 病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程11.不定式复合结构中的 for,of 1）It is clever _ you to answer such a difficult answer.2）It is mean _ her to give me so little pocket money.
18、3）It is quite impossible _ him to explain why.4）It is hard _ you to learn a foreign language without perseverance.12.兼类词（兼作连词和副词）after since till/until before.病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程 介词(preposition)一 介词的分类与语法功能1.介词是虚词，不能单独做句子成分，必须与名词、代词（或相当于名词的其他词类、短语、或从句）构成介词短语，在句子中充
19、当一个成分。介词分为：简单介词:at、in、on、for、to 合成介词:within、inside、onto、throughout.短语介词:according to、out of、because of、by means of、in spite of、instead of 病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程双重介词：from behind/above/under,until after 分词介词：considering,including,judging from/by 1.It is going to rain t
20、his afternoon according to the weather forecast.2.He quarrelled with her yesterday.3.He succeeded in passing the final examination.4.Im still thinking of how I can fulfill the task ahead of time.5.The professor will give us a talk on how to study English well.病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁
21、殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程1.什么情况下可能是填介词？我们首先必须知道两点：(1)介词必须要接宾语，其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词，或者what 从句；(2)名词、代词或动名词在句中通常作主语、动词的宾语、介词的宾语。因此，我们在解答语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名词时，且他们不是在句中作主语，也不是在动词后作宾语时，这个格空就很可能是填介词。解题技巧病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程2.应该填哪个介词？在判断可能填介词之后，要根据具体的语境来确定填哪个介词，特别是根据空格所在句子的意思来选择一个恰当的介词。
22、另外，以下几条思路对解题非常有用：(1)由介词短语与谓语的逻辑关系来确定。2008年广东高考36题，“感到累了”应当是“干活一整天之后”，故填after。病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程(2)由所处句型的特殊需要来确定。如2008年广东高考31题，这是一个therebe 句型，该句型一般是表示“在某个地点存在某人或某物”；可见“_theseproverbs”应当是表示地点的；不难得知“有趣故事”应当是在“这些成语的背后”，故填behind。(3)由特殊的结构关系来确定。如能接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)的介词只能是with
23、 或without。(4)考虑介词(空格)与前面的动词或名词之间的搭配关系，或者介词(空格)与后面名词之间的搭配关系来确定具体要填的介词。病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程 例1ChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeoplesdailylife._theseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.(广东)分析：因theseproverbs 是名词，且不是作主语、宾语、表语等，前面很可能是填介词；句意是“
24、在中国的这些成语故事的背后常常有有趣的故事”，表示“在背后”，用介词behind。实例剖析病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程 例2Hewasverytired_doingthisforawholeday.分析：累了必定是在干了一整天活之后，故填after；另外，表示“因而累”，betiredfrom 也是固定短语，故也可填from。病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程 例3thevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewer
25、earguingastowhoshouldhavethehonourofreceivingme_aguestintheirhouse.分析：句意是“把我们作为客人接待”，表示“当作，作为”用介词as。病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程 例4Iwantedtorewardtheoldwoman_thetroubleIhadcausedher.分析：句意是“我想酬谢我们给她造成了麻烦的那个年迈的妇女。”表示“因而酬谢/报答某人”，是rewardsb.forsth.，即用for引出原因，故填for。类似的表达还有:thank
26、sb.forsth.;praisesb.forsth.;punishsb.forsth.等。病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程考点击破病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程一、单句填空：用适当的介词填空。1.Fredenteredwithoutknockingand,veryoutofbreath,sank_achair.(安徽)2.Ifyoureallyhavetoleaveduringthemeeting,youdbetterleave_the
27、backdoor.(北京)3.Agreatmanshowshisgreatness_thewayhetreatslittlemen.(福建)4.Youhavenoideahowshefinishedtherelayrace_herfootwoundedsomuch.(福建)intobybywith病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程5.IlikeMr.Minersspeech;itwasclearand_thepoint.(辽宁)6.Letslearntousetheproblemwearefacing_asteppin
28、g-stonetofuturesuccess.(宁夏)7.ModernequipmentandnosmokingaretwoofthethingsIlike_workinghere.(全国)8.Ibegantofeel_homeinthenewschoolwhenIsawsomefamiliarfaces.(山东)toasaboutat病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程9.Elizabethhasalreadyachievedsuccess_herwildestdreams.(陕西)10.Everythingwaspe
29、rfectforthepicnicexcept_theweather.(浙江)11.Thisisajuniorschool.Youshouldgotoaseniorschool_girlsofyourage.(北京)12.Although_myopinion,theoldprofessordidntcomeupwithhisown.(福建)beyondforagainstfor病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程13._thesilenceofthepauses,wecouldheareachothersbreathin
30、gandcouldalmosthearourownheartbeats.(湖南)14.Scientistsareconvinced_thepositiveeffectoflaughter_physicalandmentalhealth.(江西)15.Expertshavebeenwarning_sometimeofthehealthriskscausedbypassivesmoking.(江西)16.Themanagersuggestedanearlierdate_themeeting.(全国I)Inofonforfor病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位
31、生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程17.Somepeoplechoosejobsforotherreasons_moneythesedays.(全国II)18.Somestudentsoftenlistentomusic_classestorefreshthemselves.(四川)19.Theopen-aircelebrationhasbeenputoffbecause_thebadweather.(浙江)20.Sorry,Madam.Youdbettercometomorrowbecauseits_thevisitinghours.(福建)21.Itsquite_mewhysuchthi
32、ngshavebeenallowedtohappen.(安徽)besidesbetweenofbeyondbeyond病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程22.Itsatopsecret.Yes,Isee.Iwillkeepthesecret_youandme.(上海)23.Peoplehavealwaysbeencurious_howlivingthingsontheearthexactlybegan.(辽宁)24.Aftertheearthquake,theinjuredwerecared_inthelocalhos
33、pitalsortakentothehospitalsintheneighboringcities.(江西)25.Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore,but_theotherhandIenjoytheworkImdoingatthemoment.(浙江)betweenaboutforon病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程26.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearefond_playingtennisnowadays.(上海)27.Leaveyourkeywithaneighbor_cas
34、eyoulockyourselfoutoneday.(北京)28.Villagersheredependonthefishingindustry,_whichtherewontbemuchwork.(上海)29.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadourfurther,_whichNewYorkisanexample.(四川)ofinwithoutof病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程30.Bynineoclock,alltheOlympictorchbearers
35、hadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,_whichappearedararerainbowsoon.(福建)31.Thebookwaswrittenin1946,_whentheeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatcharges.(山东)32.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_whichhewentontoBeijingUniversity.(江苏)abovesinceafter病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程33.Huma
36、nfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree_whichtheycanbecontrolledonpurpose.(重庆)to病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程二、语篇模拟：用适当的介词填空。FathersDayoccursonthe3rdSundayinJune.Theideaforcreatingaday1_childrentohonortheirfathersbeganinSpokane,Washington.Awoman2_thenameofSono
37、raSmartDoddthought3_theideaforFathersDaywhilelisteningtoaMothersDaysermon4_1909.forbyofin病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程Havingbeenraised5_herfather,HenryJacksonSmart,afterhermotherdied,Sonorawantedherfathertoknowhowspecialhewas6_her.Itwasherfatherthatmadealltheparentalsacrifi
38、cesandwas,7_theeyesofhisdaughter,acourageous,selfless,andlovingman.SonorasfatherwasborninJune,soshechosetoholdthefirstFathersDaycelebration8_Spokane,Washington9_the19thofJune,1910.bytoininon病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能，破坏机体内环境的相对稳定性，且在一定部位生长繁殖，引起不同程度的病理生理过程In1924PresidentCalvinCoolidgeannouncedthethirdSundayinJune10_FathersDay.RosesaretheFathersDayflowers.as