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1、Unit3 The land down under1.(P1.L1)Modern Australia is made up of six states and two territories.现代澳大利亚现代澳大利亚是由六个洲和两大区组成。是由六个洲和两大区组成。A rescue team made up of doctors,nurses and security experts were sent to Indonesia soon after the Tsunami.海啸过后，一支由医生、护士和安全人员海啸过后，一支由医生、护士和安全人员组成的救援小组被派往印尼。组成的救援小组被派往印尼
2、。be made up of=consist of(不用于被动形式不用于被动形式)make an effort to do 努力做努力做make ones mind to do 决心做决心做make a discovery 做出发现做出发现make fun of 取笑取笑make friends with sb.与某人交朋友与某人交朋友make use of 利用利用make a decision 做出决定做出决定make preparation for 为为做准备做准备make for 造成，促成造成，促成 朝朝移动，前进移动，前进make a promise 做出承诺，许诺做出承诺，许诺m
3、ake out 辨明，看清，理解辨明，看清，理解make an attempt to do 尝试尝试make up 做做“组成，构成组成，构成”讲，讲，也可用于被动语态；也可用于被动语态；be made up of，意为意为“由由组成，由组成，由构成构成”e.g.The coat and trousers make up a suit.Thousands of parts make up the car.A car is usually made up of thousands of parts.She made up her face to look prettier.He made up
4、the list.They hurried on to make up for lost time.Exercise:The old lady was sixty years old and while driving she could hardly_ the road signs ahead,which made for the severe traffic accident.A.make up B.make outC.make up for D.make senseB2.(P1.L4)Australia is surrounded by many oceans:the Indian Oc
5、ean in the west,the Southern Ocean in the south and the Pacific Ocean in the northeast.澳大利亚被许多海洋包围：西边是印度澳大利亚被许多海洋包围：西边是印度洋，南面是南太平洋，东北部是太平洋。洋，南面是南太平洋，东北部是太平洋。surround vt.包围，环绕包围，环绕be surrounded by/with 周围都是周围都是surroundwith用用把把围住围住e.g.Our village is a beautiful one with green hills surrounding it.Surr
6、ounded by the trees,flowers and grass everywhere,our city has taken on a brand new look.On walking into the classroom,the old man found himself surrounded by a group of children.Exercise:Although_ by flames,they managed to escape from the burning buildings.A.surround B.surroundingC.being surrounded
7、D.surroundedGo on climbing to the top of the peak,and you can see all the _ hills.A.surround B.surrounding C.surrounded D.to surround DB3.(P1.L7)Sydney is perhaps Australias most famous city,but the capital of Australia is Canberra,a city located between Sydney and Melbourne.悉尼是澳大利亚最有名的城市，但是澳大利亚的首都是
8、堪培拉，一个坐落在悉尼和墨尔本之间的城市。located 过去分词作定语修饰city 相当于 A city that is located between Sydney and Melbourne.过去分词表示被动或完成的动作；现在分词的一般式表示与句子的谓语动词同时发生的动作，被动式表示与句子的谓语动词同时发生的被动动作，完成式表示发生在句子谓语动词动作之前的动作；不定式表示要去做的事。Looking out of the window,I noticed a car dashing forward at great speed.I recognized the car being repa
9、ired in the garage to be Marys.Having finished his homework,the boy hurried back home.I have an important task to finish.She is a skilled crafts man that she fixed the broken glasses.Exercise:This is the question_(discuss)yesterday.What is the building_(build)now for?The manager has reached an agree
10、ment with the company on the power station_(build)and construction work will begin soon.discussedbeing builtbuilding4.(P1.L8)Six of the points represent the original states and the seventh stands for all the territories.这些星中的六个代表最初的洲而第七个代表所有的疆土。represent 代表,象征;表现;描绘,塑造;声称e.g.The moon represents my h
11、eart.Id like to thank you representing my whole family.=Id like to thank you on behalf of my whole family.stand for 表示，代表e.g.PC stands for personal computer.The bald eagle represents(stands for symbolize)the United States.stand out 明显，醒目，突出，杰出stand by 袖手旁观，支持stand up 起立，站起来stand off 与人不亲近，疏远Exercise
12、:Id like to know what the eagle_in America.A.means B.stands forC.refers to D.read5.(P2.L5)Some Australia Aborigines still live in a similar way to their ancestors,while others live in cities,towns and the country in the same way as their fellow Australians.一些澳大利亚的土著人依然过着和他们祖先类似的生活而其他人象他们的澳洲同事那样生活在都市
13、、城镇和乡下。while并列连词，表示对比或对照Mr Smith is a play writer while his wife is a famous actress.while当的时候，引导时间状语从句While working in the office,he found a stranger steal in.while表示让步，“虽然，尽管”While the parents love the children,they are strict with them.Exercise:Books made of pieces of bamboo or wood are heavy to
14、carry_ those made of silk are too expensive to afford.A.but B.however C.while D.though6.(P3.L2)In 1770,Captain James Cook went on a scientific journey and claimed the east coast of the continent for the British Crown.1770年，詹姆斯.库克船长进行了一次科学考察，宣布这块大陆的东海岸归英王所有。claim vt.表示“提出要求，请求（应得权利）”，表示“（根据权利）要求，认领，索
15、取”Every citizen in a democratic country may claim the protection of the law.表示“自称，声称，主张”，后接名词，不定式，从句He claimed to have done the work without help.表示“值得，需要”There are several matters that claim my attention.claim vi.表示“（根据法律）提出要求，要求赔偿（损失）”Unless he pays up,I shall claim against him.claim n.表示“（根据权利而提出
16、的）要求，认领，赔偿，索赔”，是可数名词He made a claim for damages.表示“要求，请求权”，不可数名词You have no claim on my sympathies.表示“声称，主张，断言”Investigation showed his claim to be false.Exercise,Her brother_ to leave her alone in the dark room if she disobeyed his order.A.declared B.claimed C.threatened D.warnedclaim/demand/requir
17、eclaim 在表示“要求”这一意思时，强调“把看作自己理应得到从而要求它”。Eg，He claimed the inheritance.他宣称有权利得到遗产。demand“强权要求”之意，有时表现出一种专横跋扈的态度。带有强硬、断然，一再坚持的意味，着重提出要求的手段或方式。而claim 着重要求的权力或理由。Eg，I demand an answer immediately.我要求立即答复。require 含有“要求履行”的意思，强调需要所要求的东西，语气比 demand较弱，着重作为一个人的义务或本分来要求。e.g.This letter requires an answer.此信需要答
18、复。7.(P3.L7)The newcomers changed the way land was managed and introduced new plants and animals that were harmful to the Australian ecosystems.land was managed 是由that引导的定语从句修饰the way，that省略。补全为land was managed in this way.that代替从句中的in this way，that也可以表示原因代替for which或why I dont like the way(that)you
19、speak to your parents.that 可以同时表示时间和地点，在从句中作状语。Do you still remember the time and place that the last National Games were held?Exercise,Do you agree to his way_ the problem is settled?A.which B.how C.that D.by which8.(P3.L9)As a consequence,the original Australians suffered.因此，土著的澳大利亚人遭了殃。因此，土著的澳大利亚
20、人遭了殃。as a consequence=in consequence/as a result 因此，结果as a consequence of 因为，由于as a result ofbecause ofdue tothanks toowing toe.g.As a consequence of his rudeness,he was fired by his boss.9.(P5.L1)The first world war had a strong influence on Australia.have an influence on/upon=have an effect on/upo
21、ninfluence sb./sth.affect sb./sth.e.g.1)I dont think this kind of education system will have a great influence on our school.2)SARS has a strong influence on human behaviour.10.(P5.L2)After the Second World War,Australia began to transform itself into the modern country as it is today.在第二次世界大战以后，澳大利
22、亚喀什把他自己转变成象今天一样的现代化国家。transform vt.改变，转变，改造transform sth./sb.into 把改造成transformfrominto完全改变e.g.A steam engine transforms heat into power.11.(P6.L1)Australian English differs in pronunciation from British and American English,and some of the vocabulary used“down under”is quite different from what you
23、 may have learnt in your English class.澳大利亚英语在发音上与英国和美国英语不同，一些口语中的词汇完全不同于你在英语课上学的东西。differ vi.differ from 不同于，与有差异differ from sb.about/on sth.对持异议，不同意be different from 不同于tell the difference between A and B说出A和B在的不同e.g.We differ from/with him on that problem.e.g.We differ from each other in tastes.e
24、.g.American English differs from British English in both pronunciation and spelling.Im sorry to differ from you about(on)that question.This problem is different from that one in character.I wonder if you can tell me the differences between flies and butterflies.Exercise:The two brothers are like each other in appearance,but differ_ their tastes.A.on B.in C.from D.with