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1、会计学1英语新闻标题翻译英语新闻标题翻译第1页/共24页第2页/共24页Attention PLEASE第3页/共24页Translation of English News Headlines 第4页/共24页 Differences Between Chinese and English News HeadlinesWe can study the difference from the lexical,tense,rhetorical,punctuation,structure and semantic level.Lexical differenceFrom the point vie
2、w of lexical,Chinese news headlines prefer to verbs while English news headlines prefer nouns.（1）开放 搞活 改革 致富（连用四个动词）（2）Britain “Flagship”Detention Center Abandoned(连用四个名词)In the first example,Chinese news headline uses four verbs.In the second example,English news headline uses four nouns.第5页/共24页Te
3、nse differenceFrom perspective of grammar,English news headlines often use the present tense,the present progressive tense and the future tense.The tense marker is obvious.While Chinese news headlines also use the past tense except the above tense.The tense mark is not obvious,but it can be used to
4、replace the past tense.There are not non-finite verbs in Chinese,but it can use the structure modification.The omission in Chinese is a little different with English.The subject can be omitted in Chinese headlines,but not in English news headlines.Chinese news headlines do not often use function wor
5、ds and link verb“是”,and there is not article.All these can be omitted in English news headlines第6页/共24页1）北有煤海（暗含一般现在时）（2）明天必将美好（将来时）（3）十年后重访国外（省略主语,英语新闻标题不可以）（4）America Will Not Curb Arms for Israel(一般将来时)美无意削减对以武器援助（5）Women Are Becoming Experts at Home Repairs（进行时）妇女正在成为家庭装修能手From the above example
6、s,we can see that the tense marker is obvious in English news headlines while in the Chinese news headlines the tense marker is not obvious.第7页/共24页Rhetorical difference The Chinese news headlines pay more attention to literary grace,antithesis and rhyme,while English news headlines pay more attenti
7、on to the fact and simplicity.Chinese headline writers use more figures of speech than English ones.Chinese people get used to approaching a topic in a spiral way,by indirection,by beating around the bush.The English people,just in contrast,choose direct style,the linear way of writing.When they are
8、 writing,they are inclined to come directly to the core of a message.第8页/共24页The rhetorical devices used in English news headlines are limited,including literary quotation,comparison,personification,alliteration,repetition and pun and so on.Chinese news headlines often use parataxis,synecdoche and s
9、o on.（1）It Takes Determination to Complete One of the Worlds Toughest Car Rallies 只要意志坚 不怕征途远（对仗）（2）Stepping Up to the Firing Line 载人难，难于上青天（夸张）（3）自筹资金 自寻场地 自找活路 自负盈亏 自主用人（排比）（4）飞奔吧，金色的车轮！（倒装）In the first and the second example,the English news headlines do not use any rhetorical devices.But when th
10、ey are translated into Chinese news headlines,they use some rhetorical devices.第9页/共24页Difference in punctuationAs for punctuation,Chinese news headlines often use comma,exclamatory mark,quotation marks,ellipsis and brackets and so on.But English news headlines often use comma,colon,and question mar
11、k and so on.Chinese news headlines do not use colon,slash symbol and possessive symbol,while English news headlines do not often use ellipsis and brackets.The function of dash is different in English and Chinese news headlines.In English news headlines dash has the function of connection and additio
12、n,and it can replace the verb“be”.In Chinese news headlines it can express the progressive and transition of the meaning.（1）假作真时（省略号，英语新闻标题一般不用）（2）缓和对话希望（间隔号，英语新闻标题一般不用）（3）Dog Bites Womans Nose Completely Off(所有格符号，汉语新闻标题一般不用)（4）Arafat Claims Never to Surrender(单引号，汉语新闻标题一般不用)第10页/共24页Structural dif
13、ferenceFrom the point of view of language form,there is not the difference between lower case and capitalization.The Chinese news headlines can be phrase,sentence,while the English news headlines take the form of noun+postmodifer and the simple sentence.Chinese news headlines can be classified as ci
14、tation title+main title+sub-title,citation title+main title,main title+sub-title,main title.English news headlines can be classified as main title+sub-title,main title.（1）Soldiers killed in Afghan blast(名词中心语+后置修饰语（2）（引题）天雨路滑 大意不得（主题）广州近日车祸频繁（副题）三月一日以来，平均每天十宗（63）（主题）U.S.Attacked（副题）Hijacked Jets Des
15、troy Twin Towers and Hit Pentagon in Day of Terror第11页/共24页Semantic differenceEnglish news headlines in general do not reveal so much information as Chinese ones because of their different languages.What s more,English grammar is not so flexible as Chinese,though it has been simplified in headlines.
16、Chinese characters usually have meanings in themselves and Chinese grammar hardly needs any attention.Chinese is a highly condensed language.Most English words have several letters and usually they take up more space than Chinese characters.Thus within the same limited space,Chinese headlines have a
17、 better summarizing of news contents than English news headlines.All this contributes to the integrity of Chinese headlines.A Chinese news headline is a mini-story in capsule form,while English headlines can only adopt accentuation,centering on the most important points of the news.第12页/共24页 Skills
18、and Methodsof English News Headlines Translation 第13页/共24页Literal translation or semi-literal translationFree translation Addition 第14页/共24页Reduction Conversion Reflect the original rhetorical characteristics第15页/共24页Literal translation or semi-literal translation Literal translation is the basic ap
19、proach used in English news headline translation since it can retain both the form and contents of the original to the maximum.Literal translation or semi-literal translation can be used if the original English news headline is clear and direct of its meaning and if literally translated there will n
20、ot be problems for Chinese readers understanding of its meaning.Eg：Looking back to look ahead 回首往昔回首往昔 展望未来展望未来 Putin faces harsh press criticism over terror 普京因恐怖事件受媒体严厉批评普京因恐怖事件受媒体严厉批评 Olympics Begin in Style;Swimmer Takes 1st Gold 奥运盛妆开幕奥运盛妆开幕 泳将喜夺首金泳将喜夺首金 第16页/共24页Free translation When the liter
21、al translation can not help to convey the content of the original news or express the author s intention or make the version understood by the target readers,we can choose free translation.Eg：Iran,Iraq,Irrational 伊朗，伊拉克，强词又夺理 Go to Bed Married,Wake Up Divorced 一觉婚变 第17页/共24页 Addition It means supply
22、ing necessary words in the translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original.So,in translating English-Chinese headlines,some words should be added so as to keep the translated version both accurate in meaning and also keep with the headlines of Chinese news.Eg：Jia elected CPPCC hea
23、d 贾（庆林）当选全国政协主席贾（庆林）当选全国政协主席 The Real James Bond?（谁是）真正的邦德？（谁是）真正的邦德？Older,Wiser,Calmer （人）愈老，（智）愈高，（心）愈（人）愈老，（智）愈高，（心）愈 Japanese dash to US to say“I do”日本情侣蜂拥美利坚，牧师面前誓言日本情侣蜂拥美利坚，牧师面前誓言“我愿意我愿意 第18页/共24页Reduction Reduction is used when the translated headlines contain spare information.It is used to
24、achieve the effect of succinctness,especially in dealing with the English pronouns and such functional words as the article,the preposition,the conjunction and so on.Eg:(You)Need to Sleep Less than You Think 适量少睡更健康 （How）Globalization Hurts the Poor in Africa.全球化有损非洲穷人利益 (My)Husband Is a Man in a Wo
25、mans World 泡在女人堆里的男人第19页/共24页Conversion Translation is not to rigidly adhere to the language structure of the original,especially in the translation of news headlines.Sometimes it requires the translators,on the basis of grasping the gist of the original headline and keeping the headline features of
26、 the target one,making some changes to the form of the original structure.Eg:When the Boss Is a Woman 上司是女的（非完全句转换为完全句）River on Fire!河着火了（名词短语转换为句子）Tranquility Is Shattered by Violence 暴力打破了宁静（被动变主动）第20页/共24页Reflect the original rhetorical characteristics Rhyme eg:After The Boom Everthing Is Gloom 繁
27、荣不再 萧条即来 Desperate Need Desperate Deed 燃眉之急 非常行动Pun eg：Soccer Kicks Off With Violence足球开踢拳打脚踢足球开踢拳打脚踢 A New Harvest Of Troubles 农产品丰收 新问题成堆Metaphor eg：Middle East：A Cradle Of Terror 中东是恐怖主义的摇篮 Russian Reform Old Wine In New Bottle 罗斯改革新瓶装陈酒Allusions eg：1990：Year Of Marco Polo Chic 1900：中国热的一年 Grammy
28、 Apple Of New Yorks Eye？格莱美奖 纽约人心目中的最爱？第21页/共24页Humorous irony eg：Accuser Accused 原告没当成 反而当被告夸张 eg：A Vow To Zip His Lips 誓将守口如瓶Antithesis eg：Rich Man Poor Man 富球星 穷观众 Capital Rich Revenue Poor 资本雄厚 收益可怜Alliteration eg：No Fans?“No fret！”赛场没人气？“咱可没生气！”模仿诗词熟句 Bush ughters reach legal age to drink布什双娇初长成酒巷从此任纵横Singaporean star Gives Part of Liver to Save Dying Lover若为爱情故肝脏也可抛狮城上演感人生死恋第22页/共24页第23页/共24页