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1、Lesson 4 An exciting tripNew words and expressionsexciting adj.令人兴奋的v.excite/j-adj.excited,exciting-ed:自己感到；-ing：令人感到如：interesting:令人感到有趣的；interested：感到有意思的动词的宾语一定是人，让后面的人感到eg:The news excited me.Rhe book interests me.receive v.接受，收到3 个接受：accept:同意接收，主观上乐意receive（与 have 通用）：客观的收到 receive/have a lett
2、er from sbeg:This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy,but I didnt accept it.take:接受，与前两词无可比性，只需记住两个搭配：take the exam;take advicefirm n.商行，公司等同于companyabroad adv.在国外注意是个副词，直接和动词连用，不需要介词go/live/study abroadTextI have just received a letter from my brother Tim.He is in Australia.He has been
3、 there for sixmonths.Tim is an engineer.He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great numberof different places in Australia.He ha just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs,asmall town in the centre of Australia.He will soon visit Darwin.From there,he will fly to
4、Perth.Mybrother has never benn abroad before,so he is finding this trip very exciting.have been+in 地点他已经到北京了：He has arrived in Beijing.他到北京一年了，就不能用arrive 了。因为arrive是表示点的动词，不能和段时间连用。所以用我们的新句型：have been i n 地点He has been in Beijing for one year.work i n 强调工作的地点work fo r强调w o rk,不是在游逛，是在工作a great numbe
5、r of后面一定要加可数名词复数a lot of可加可数名词也可加不可数名词它们是约等于的关系I have a lot of7a great number of friends.I have a lot of time.中的 a lot of 就不能替换为 a great number of 了have gone to:去了某地没回来have been to:曾经去过某地，现在不在那个地方from there:从那地方起from既可以加时间又可以加地点eg:from half past 8 to half past 11from Beijing to Tianjinfly to Perth=g
6、o to Perth by airbefore用在句子的末尾是副词，翻译为“在此之前”，是现在完成时态的标志。find+宾语+形容词做宾补find trip exciting;find the room clean注意，在本句中用的是find的进行时态。在收听外台的广播中经常能听到find不用一般式，而用进行式。eg:Were finding the program very exciting.在写的时候用一般式，口语就用进行式下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时态：believe doubt see hear know understand belong think con
7、sider feel look seem show mind havesound taste require possess care like hate love detest desire第3 课关键句型：一般过去式。第 4 课关键句型：现在完成式。第 5 课将总结一般过去式和现在完成式的相同点、不同点，用的时候要注意声明。下面的几个词已出现就标志着完成式：just,before,alreadyLesson 5 No wrong numbersNew words and expressionspigeon n.鸽子口 语里常说：Its not my pigeon.=None of my b
8、usiness.这不是我的过错message n.信 息（可数名词）information信 息（不可数名词）leave sb a message:给.留便条Ill leave you a message.take a message for sb潜.捎口信此句在电话里非常常用，如果你要找的人不在，对方会说：Can I take a message for you?或者你可以说：Can you take a message for me?cover v.越过cover+距离：越过 cover the distancedistance n.星 后 离adj:distant以-ce结尾的名词，形容
9、词一般以.t结尾如：importance important;difference differentkeep distance:保持星日离中国人往往喜欢和人靠的很近，而英国人喜欢保持一定距离，他们认为自己周围的一切，包括空气都是自己的。所以在餐厅吃饭，想和英国人坐一桌，应该先问：Can I join you?或 CanI share this table?而不要直接去坐。request n.要求，请求request for:对.有请求，需求I have a request fbr the cake.v.request sb to do sth=ask sb to do sth:要求某人做.在
10、口 语中用 require sb to do sth外国人喜欢用被动：Youre required/asked to do.spare part 备件service n.业务，服务v.serve(Im glad to be)At your service.我很乐意为您效劳。总结 对 Thank you.的回答：11六就四臣.”1 1 就 01 priceless adj.-less表示否定：没有价格的，无价的valueless adj.没有价值，不足道的worth 值：worthless adj.无价值的diamond n.钻石precious stone 宝石crystal 水晶jade 玉
11、diamond ring 钻戒 ste al（stole,stolen）v.偷在中国，认为在不知道的情况下是“偷”，明目张胆的就是“抢”。而英语不区分。我们说“我的钱包被偷了”和“我被偷了”是一个字，而在英语里是两个词。My wallet was stolen.I was robbed.steal s th 偷（某物）；rob s b 抢（某人）跟地点相连也用rob：rob the bankmain adj.主要的main 永远不修饰人，我们可以说 main buikiing/street/sentence/ide&但不能说 main personguardn.警戒，守卫life guard救
12、生员body guard 保镖TextThe plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning.They were expecting avaluable parcel of diamonds from South Africa.A few hours earlier,someone had told the policethat thieves would try to steal the diamonds.When the plane arrived,some of the detectives we
13、rewaiting on the airfield.Two men took the parcel off the plane and caned it into the CustomHouse.While two detectives were keeping guard at the door,two others opened the parceLTo theirsurprise,the precious parcel was full of stones and sand!someone had told.过去完成式，过去以前发生的事情.that thieves would try t
14、o.would+do:过去将来式，间接方式，转述，站在过去看未来when和 while都表示当.的时候，考试时一定选whenwhile能用when代替，但 是 when却不一定能用while代替while+从句，动作一定会延续when+延续性动作/瞬间动词when he arrived/died用过去进行时:在过去的某一点时间，或者是过去某一动作同时发生的另外一个动作。瞬间动词(如arrive)无进行时态。同时发生的两个动作1.一个用一般过去时，另一个用过去进行时。2.分工的情况，均用过去进行时When I was doing my home work,my mother was cookin
15、g.表面上是分工：两个动作同时开始，表示同时开始同时结束，延续时间不一致，长一点时间的动作用进行时态，短时间的动作用过去时。When someone knocked at the door,I was having dinner.two others=two other detectivesto ones surprise,让某人惊讶的是跟人的情绪有关的名词都可以替换to ones joy/excitementbe full of.装满My bag was full of books.Special difficultiesvt+adv+宾语(n)vt+宾语(n/pron)+ad vvi+pr
16、ep+宾语(n)宾语的位置和词性取决于施加动作的动词介词出现，一定要有宾语，所以v+prep+宾语(n)副词可以省略，v+宾语(n/pron)+adv或 v+adv+宾语(n)是副词还是介词要看动词是及物动词还是不及物动词vt-adv vi-prep而判断是不是及物动词就要看平时的积累了特殊：l.make up.-make(vt)up ones mind语法上可以改为make ones mind up,但习惯上不改2.ask for.表面上ask(v t),可改。但要注意是ask(sb)for s th 的省略，所以不能改Lesson 8 The best and the worstNew w
17、ords and expressionscompetition n.比赛，竞赛所有的比赛都可以通称为competition速度比赛：race eg.car race球赛：match eg.football matchcontest用的更多，除了以上的比赛，都可以说contest选美比赛就是beauty contest还有gam e,如果把上面的都忘了，就用这个neat adj.整齐的，整洁的不等于clean,等于tidypool n.水池pool是人工的，游泳池：swimming pool天然的叫池塘：pond本课重点是比较级和最高级三个或者三个音节（元音音标）以上的词：多音节词：比较级的构成
18、：more+原级，最高级的构成：the most+原级单音节的词用er,est双音节：不一定一般情况，同单音节以 y 结尾的+e r,例外：slowly-more slowly-the most slowlyoften-more often-the most oftenclever-cleverer-cleverest 和 clever-more clever-the most clever 都对技巧：长的当多音节，短的当单音节，但仅仅是技巧哦fun按照语法应该是funner,funnest,可老美偏偏说more fun,the most fun。如果考语法，中国人全对，美国人错的一塌糊涂，英
19、国人对一半。所以老美是不会拿自己的弱点来考我们的。无规律：good-better-best;bad-worse-worst;many/much-more-most;little-less-leastfar-farther-farthest;far-further-furthestfarther：距离上的更远；further：程度上的old-older-oldest;old-elder-eldestolder是比.大;elder做定语修饰其它名词:elder sisterTextJoe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town.Nearl
20、y everybody enters fbr The NicestGarden Competition*each year,but Joe wins every time.Bill Friths garden is larger than Joes.Billworks harder than Joe and grows more flowers and vegetables,but Joes garden is moreinteresting.He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool.I like gard
21、enstoo,but I do not like hard work.Every year I enter for the garden competition too,and I always wina little prize for the worst garden in the town!enter for:报名参加，只强调报名eg.enter for the exam参 力 口：take part inwin-won-wonvi.I win.我赢了。I lose.我输了。vt.l.win sth win后面往往是奖品eg.I win the book.2.win a prize:赢了一个奖win a prize fbr:因为.而获奖 注 win后面不能接对手，不能说I win you.要用defeat或 b e a t,但 defeat用得多，因为beat还有打的意思。I defeat you.