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1、北京市第八十中学2022-2023高三上10月月考英语本试卷共9 页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共 10小题；每小题1.5分，共 15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlightfrom late September to mid-March six
2、months out of the year.“Of course,we 1 it when the sun is shining,n says Karin Ro,who works fbr the towns tourism office.“We see the sky is blue,but down in the valley ifs darker-its like on a 2 day.”But that 3 when a system of high-tech mirrors was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighbouringpe
3、aks into the valley below.On Wednesday,residents of Rjukan 4 their very first ray of winter sunshine:Arow of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 5 The boards are controlled by a computerthat 6 them to turn along with the sun throughout the day and to close during windy weather.The
4、y reflect aconcentrated beam（剌 of light onto the towns central 7 creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 squaremetres.When the light 8 Rjukan residents gathered together.“People have been sitting there and standing there and taking pictures of each other,“Ro says.The townsquare was totally 9 I thin
5、k almost all the people in the town were there/The 3,500 residents cannot allenjoy the sunshine at the same time.10 the new light feels like more than enough fbr the towns sun-starved residents.“It not very big,“she says,“but it is enough when we are sharing.1.A.fearB.believeC.hearD.notice2 A.cloudy
6、B.normalC.differentD.warm3.A.helpedB.changedC.happenedD.mattered4.A.rememberedB.forecastedC.receivedD.imagined5.A.repairB.riskC.restD.use6.A.forbidsB.directsC.predictsD.follows7.A.libraiyB.hallC.squareD.street8.A.appearedB.returnedC.fadedD.stopped9.A.newB.fullC.flatD.silent 10.A.Instead BGradually C
7、.However D.Similarly第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题L5分，共 15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Books were my true friends back then.I was so 11(thank)that the authors wrote those books.Thekindness they offered me with their books saved my life.After 12(survive)terrible experiences at
8、 schooland at home,I made a choice to take the optimistic,positive road in the next steps of my journey.My dream career,one I thought was only possible for the authors I loved,is 13 I am doing now.I have been a full-time authorof teen novels since 2007 and am grateful for this amazing opportunity to
9、 reach out to readers every single day.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Its a popular 14(believe)that fish cant remember anything fbr longer than seven seconds.It mayseem sad to think that they dont remember what theyve eaten or 15 theyve been,and they dont recognizeyou
10、 or any of their friends every moment in their lives would be like seeing the world for the first time.But dontbe so quick to feel sorry for them.A recent study 16(find)that fish have much 17(good)memoriesthan we used to think.In fact,certain species of fish can even remember events from as long as
11、12 days ago.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。I honestly believe theres a danger that the more connected we are,the more isolated we feel.I dont think thisis such an issue fbr my generation whove lived 18 technology fbr so long.We know how to be aloneand,more importantly
12、,we know that ifs OK to be alone.19 the under 20s are another kettle of fish.Theyreso busy that they never experience the feeling of solitude and run the risk of not learning how to enjoy their owncompany.In addition,theyre learning conversation through messages that can 20(edit)and changed at theex
13、pense of learning the art of real conversation in real time with the person in front of you.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题；每小题2 分，共 28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASo youre looking to ski at one of the best?Weve done the hard work fbr you.BreckenridgeBreckenridge is an extremely popu
14、lar ski destination.Its undoubtedly an awesome mountain to ride,but it canalso get discouragingly crowded.This is not surprising given all the things Breckenridge has going for it:affordablelodging（借宿）,an abundance of slopes and North Americas highest lift.The town atmosphere is fiin and relaxing,pl
15、us there are a ton of shopping,dining,and drinking options to choose from.With so much to offer,Breckenridgemakes for a great ski resort that suits all budgets.Aspen SnowmassAspen is the ultimate ski destination for the rich and has evolved into four separate ski areas:Aspen,Snowmass,Buttermilk,and
16、Aspen Highlands.Theyre all linked by a shuttle system,accessible with a single ticket,and gathered around one of the greatest ski towns in the world.Aspen is truly the king of apres-ski（滑雪后的社交娱乐）with endless dining and nightlife options!Its also one of the few ski resorts in Colorado where you wont
17、beaffected by altitude sickness.For all the appeal that brings celebrities here,Aspen does come at a price.Jackson HoleJackson Hole is infamous for its extreme terrain（地形）and steeps with the most continuous vertical in the US.Although it has the reputation of an experts paradise,recent improvements
18、have made intermediate terrain easier toaccess.On the other side,Jackson Hole is not ideal for first-timers and kids due to the lack of beginner terrain.Crowds can also be an issue.If youre looking for ski-in/ski-out access,stay in Teton Village which has a handfulof bars;if not,the town of Jacks.21
19、.If you are a beginner with a tight budget,which skiing resort may you choose?A.Buttermilk.B.Breckenridge.C.Jackson Hole.D.Aspen Snowmass.22.What can we learn about Aspen Snowmass?A.It is economical to ski there.B.It offers limited social activities.C.One ticket can be used in 4 ski areas.D.Visitors
20、 will feel sick for its high altitude.23.Whats the same disadvantage of Breckenridge and Jackson Hole?A.The price is expensive.B.The traffic is not very convenient.C.They are not friendly to beginners.D.They are very crowded sometimes.BWhen Kirk Alexander went missing for 11 days,an unlikely savior
21、came to his rescue:his neighborhood pizzastore.Almost every night for more than ten years,Kirk Alexander,48,of Salem,Oregon ordered a late dinner fromhis local Dominos pizza store.He had no signature order.Sometimes he would call for a salad,sometimes a pie,sometimes chicken wings.The only sure thin
22、g for the staff of the Silverton Road Dominos was that they would seeAlexanders name show up on their online ordering site sometime between 11 p.m.and midnight several times aweek.Until suddenly,for nearly two weeks at the end of April 2016,they didnt.It was a slow Saturday night on May 7th when Dom
23、inos general manager Sarah Fuller felt she could nolonger ignore Alexanders recent absence.“I went and looked up to see how long it had been since he last ordered,Fuller told KATU.com.It was 11days,which was not like him at all.”Fuller knew Alexander worked from home and neighbors said he rarely lef
24、t.She also knew that he hadsuffered some health issues in the past.Something,Fuller worried,was wrong.Around 1 a.m.on Sunday,May 8,Fuller sent longtime delivery driver Tracey Hamblen to stop in atAlexanders home.Hamblen apDroached Alexanders door as he had countless times before and knocked.He could
25、plainly see that Alexanders TV set was on,as were his lights;but after several minutes,Alexander still didntanswer the door.Hamblen rushed back to the store to relay the upsetting developments to Fuller.She encouraged Hamblen todial 911.Soon,officers were on their way.When deputies from the Marion C
26、ounty Sheriffs office arrived at Alexanders house,they heard a man callingfor help from inside the residence,deputies said.They broke the door down,and found Alexander on the floor inneed of immediate medical attention.One day later,and they might have been too late.Alexander was rushed to Salem Hos
27、pital where he was listed in stable condition shortly after the dramaticrescue.In the following weeks,Fuller,Hamblen,and other store employees went to visit him with flowers andcards,noting that Alexander greeted them with knowing smiles.24.How did Fuller sense that something was wrong?A.She knew Al
28、exander had serious health problems.B.Alexander hadnt ordered chicken wings for nearly 2 weeks.C.Alexander had never before broken his routine in the store for 10 years.D.Alexander had disappeared from the stores ordering system for about 2 weeks.25.What can you infer from the underlined sentence?A.
29、Hamblen was fond of knocking at Alexanders door.B.Hamblen was more than an acquaintance to Alexander.C.Every time Hamblen arrived at Alexanders house,he would knock first.D.When Hamblen had enough time in the past,he would go to Alexanders house.26.The saying we can learn from the story is.A.Better
30、late than neverB.Born in distress,die in peaceC.Details determine success or failureD.Even the wise are not always free from errorCThe environmental practices of big businesses are shaped by a fundamental fact that offends our sense ofjustice.A business may maximize the amount of money it makes by d
31、amaging the environment and hurting people.When government regulation is effective,and the public is environmentally aware,environmentally clean bigbusinesses may out-compete dirty ones,but the reverse is likely to be true if government regulation is ineffectiveand the public doesnt care.It is easy
32、to blame a business for helping itself by hurting other people.But blaming alone is unlikely toproduce change.It ignores the fact that businesses are not charities but profit-making companies,and they areunder obligation to maximize profits for shareholders by legal means.Our blaming of businesses a
33、lso ignores the ultimate responsibility of the public for creating the conditions thatlet a business profit through destructive environmental policies.In the long run,it is the public,either directly orthrough its politicians,that has the power to make such destructive policies unprofitable and ille
34、gal,and to makesustainable environmental policies profitable.The public can do that by accusing businesses of harming them.The public may also make their opinion feltby choosing to buy sustainably harvested products;by preferring their governments to award valuable contracts tobusinesses with a good
35、 environmental track record;and by pressing their governments to pass and enforce laws andregulations requiring good environmental practices.In turn,big businesses can exert powerful pressure on any suppliers that might ignore public or governmentpressure.For instance,after the US public became conc
36、erned about the spread of a disease,transmitted to humansthrough infected meat,the US government introduced rules demanding that the meat industry abandon practicesassociated with the risk of the disease spreading.But the meat packers refused to follow these,claiming that theywould be too expensive
37、to obey.However,when a fast-food company made the same demands after customerpurchases of its hamburgers dropped,the meat industry followed immediately.The publics task is therefore toidentify which links in the supply chain are sensitive to public pressure.Some readers may be disappointed or outrag
38、ed that I place the ultimate responsibility for business practicesharming the public on the public itself.I also believe that the public must accept the necessity for higher prices forproducts to cover the added costs of sound environmental practices.My views may seem to ignore the belief thatbusine
39、sses should act in accordance with moral principles even if this leads to a reduction in their profits.But Ithink we have to recognize that,throughout human history,government regulation has arisen precisely because itwas found that not only did moral principles need to be made explicit,they also ne
40、eded to be enforced.My conclusion is not a moralistic one about who is right or wrong,admirable or selfish.I believe that changesin public attitudes are essential for changes in businesses9 environmental practices.27.The main idea of Paragraph 3 is that environmental da ma ge.A.is the result of igno
41、rance of the publicB.requires political action if it is to be stoppedC.can be prevented by the action of ordinary peopleD.can only be stopped by educating business leaders28.In Paragraph 4,the writer describes ways in which the public can.A.reduce their own individual impact on the environmentB.lear
42、n more about the impact of business on the environmentC raise awareness of the effects of specific environmental disastersD.influence the environmental policies of businesses and governments29.What pressure was given by big business in the case of the disease mentioned in Paragraph 5?A.Meat packers
43、stopped supplying hamburgers to fast-food chains.B Meat packers persuaded the government to reduce their expenses.C.A fast-food company forced their meatsuppliers to follow the law.D.A fast-food company encouraged the government to introduce regulations.30.What would be the best heading fbr this pas
44、sage?A.Will the world survive the threat caused by big businesses?B.How can big businesses be encouraged to be less driven by profit?C.What environmental dangers are caused by the greed of businesses?D.Are big businesses to blame for the damage they cause to the environment?DPublic distrust of scien
45、tists stems in part from the blurring of boundaries between science and technology,between discovery and manufacture.Most governments,perhaps all governments,justify public expenditure onscientific research in terms of the economic benefits the scientific enteiprise has brought in the past and will
46、bringin the future.Politicians remind their voters of the splendid machines“our scientists have invented,the new drugsto relieve old disorders,and the new surgical equipment and techniques by which previously unmanageableconditions may now be treated and lives may be saved.At the same time,the polit
47、icians demand of scientists thatthey tailor their research to economics needs”,and that they award a higher priority to research proposals that are“near the market and can be translated into the greatest return on investment in the shortest time.Dependent,asthey are,on politicians for much of their
48、funding,scientists have little choice but to obey.Like the rest of us,theyare members of a society that rates the creation of wealth as the greatest possible good.Many have reservations,butkeep them to themselves in what they perceive as a climate hostile to the pursuit of understanding for its own
49、sakeand the idea of an inquiring,creative spirit.In such circumstances no one should be too hard on people who are suspicious of conflicts of interest.Whenwe learn that the distinguished professor assuring us of the safety of a particular product holds a consultancy withthe company making it,we cann
50、ot be blamed for wondering whether his fee might cloud his professional judgment.Even if the professor holds no consultancy with any firm,some people may still distrust him because of hisassociation with those who do,or at least wonder about the source of some of his research funding.This attitude c