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1、初中英语语法之被动语态相关考点难点分析什么是被动语态被动语态是指句子中的主语为谓语动作的承受者。 如: He was hit by a car when he was crossing the road. (他过路时被辆汽车撞了。) 这句话的主语he（他）是谓语动作 hit (撞) 的承受者。施动者则为 car(汽车)。被动语态的格式为: 助动词be + 过去分词。被动句中动作的承受者为句子的主语，动作执行者一般可由介词 by 引出。 如:The story was written by John Gilbert. 这个故事是约翰吉尔伯特写的。可用于被动语态的动词1）及物动词* There w
2、as a serious train accident near the border. Two peoplewere killedand twelvewere injured. 边境发生非常严重列车事故，两人死亡，十二人受伤。* A new library will be built in this small town. 这个小镇将兴建一个新图书馆。* The glasswas brokenby the boy玻璃杯被那男孩打碎了。* Theyareoftenscoldedby the teacher. 他们经常受到老师的责备。* Many accidentsare causedby ca
3、reless driving.许多车祸都因开车不小心造成。2）不及物动词与介词合成的成语动词* The patientsarewelllooked afterby the nurses in this hospital. 病人在这所医院里被护士们照料得很周到。* The househas been brokeninto. 房子被破门而入。带情态动词的被动语态1) can, could* Computercan be usedto demonstrate the way that cells work. 电脑可以用来演示细胞工作的方式。*Canthe fruitbe keptin the fri
4、dge for long? 水果在冰箱里可以长时间保存吗?* Itcan not be doneby Jim这件事不可能是吉姆干的。* This problemcant be workedout very easily. 这道试题不能被轻而易举的算出来。* The thievescould be caughtby the police. 盗贼可能会被警察抓获。2) may, might* The treesmay be plantedat other times of the year. 这些树可能会在今年另外找时间种植。* Itmay have been leftin the sun. 他们
5、可能已把它放在阳光下了。* Youmight be askedto speak at the meeting. 可能会请你在会上发言。3) must* The lightmust be turnedoff before you go to bed你睡觉前必须把灯关了。* Whatmust be donenext？下一步该做什么？* The booksmustnt be takenout of the reading-room.这些书不得拿出阅览室.*Mustthe treesbe waterednow？这些树必须现在浇水吗？4) should* Teenagersshould be allow
6、edto go out with their friends.来应该允许青少年和朋友外出。* Many treesshould be plantedon the mountains. 应该在山上种许多树。* Waste papershouldnt be thrownhere.废纸不应该扔在这里。*Shoulditbe doneby Li Ming？这件事应该是李明干吗？* Those booksshould have been takenback to the library. 你本该把这些书带回图书馆去。5) need* This workneednt be doneat once这项工作没
7、必要立即做。* Sheneednt be toldabout it. 这事无需告诉她。6) ought to* The ruleought to be obeyedby all of us. 我们应该遵守这个规则。* As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we thinkought to be said. 作为老师，我们关心的应该是学生说了什么，而不是我们自认为学生应该说什么。* Iought to be criticizedfor it. 我应该为此受到批评.不定式的被动形式* He needs
8、to be taken care of. 他需要人照顾。* I hopeto be promoted. 我希望能被升职。* Not a sound wasto be heard. 听不到一点声音。* The little childs wish isto be takento Disneyland. 小孩子的愿望是被领上去迪斯尼乐园。* I am gladto have been givena chance to improve my English. 我很高兴能有机会进修英语。* The next thingto be doneis to get the students organized
9、 in small groups. 下一步要做的事是把学生组织在一些小组里。* It is a great honorto be electeda model worker.当选为模范工人是一件很光荣的事。动名词的被动形式* Tom enjoyedbeing flattered. 汤姆喜欢被吹捧。* He was afraid ofbeing laughed at. 他担心备人嘲笑。*Being criticizedhelped him see things more clearly. 他受到批评后对一些事情看得比较明白些了。现在分词的被动形式文章来源:句解霸 | 更新日期:2013-06-2
10、3* I saw herbeing takento the operating room. 我看见她被送到手术室。* The buildingbeing repairedis our library. 正在维修的那座楼是我们的图书馆。*Not being invitedto speak, you should remain silent at the conference. 没有被邀请发言，你就应该在会议上保持沉默。一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时被动语态格式: is/are/am + 过去分词* The Great Wallis knownall over the world. 长城闻名世界。
11、* Our classroomis cleanedeveryday. 我们的教室每天都有打扫。* Heis regardedas brilliant by people. 人们认为他很有才华。* WhyisWei Fang oftenpraisedby her teacher? 为什么魏芳经常受到老师的表扬？* Whatisthis flowercalled? 这种花叫什么花?* The boyis askedto tidy up the sitting room. 要求那个男孩打扫客厅。一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时被动语态格式: was/were + 过去分词* This citywas
12、liberatedin 1948. 这个城市1948年解放的。* Some new computerswere stolenlast night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。* Hewas electedchairman.他被选为主席。* A notewas passedup to the speaker. 有人给讲演者递上来一张纸条。一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时被动语态格式: will/shall be + 过去分词* A new roadwill be builtnext year. 明年要修一条新马路。* The meetingwont be heldtomorrow. 明天不再举行会议
13、。* -Willthe workbe finishedat once? -Yes, it will. -这项工作会立刻被完成吗？ -是的，立刻就完成。* Whenwillthese booksbe published? 这些书将在什么时候出版？* Weshall be punishedif we break the rule. 如果我们违反规定，我们将要受到惩罚。过去将来时的被动语态过去将来时被动语态格式: would be +过去分词* He said that the bookswould be givento the students.他说这些书将发给学生。* She said that
14、 a new trade centerwould be builtin the centre of the city. 她说一个新的贸易中心将在市中心建起来。* The manager said the projectwould be completedby the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。* She asked whether their planwould be consideredwith great care. 她问他们的计划会不会得到仔细的考虑。* I didnt expect that Iwould be giventhe prize. 我
15、未曾料到我会获奖。现在进行时的被动语态现在进行时被动语态格式: is/are/am + being + 过去分词*Arethe babiesbeing takencare of by this nurse? 这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？* Your bicycleis being repairednow. 你的自行车正在修理当中。* A hospitalis being builtin the centre of the town. 镇中心正在兴建一家医院。* The projectis being carriedout. 这个计划正在执行中。过去进行时的被动语态 (was/were + be
16、ing + 过去分词)过去进行时被动语态格式: was/were + being + 过去分词* The feastwas being preparedwhen it began to snow outside.宴会正在准备之中,这时外边下起了雪* He said many activitieswere being plannedfor the celebration of the companys 60th anniversary. 他说为纪念公司成立60周年,许多活动都在筹划中。* This roadwas being builtthis time last year. 这条路去年这个时候
17、还在修建。*Wasthe TV setbeing fixedthis time yesterday. 昨天这个时候电视机正在被修理吗？* The manwas being questionedby the police at that time. 那个人当时正在接受经常的盘问。现在完成时的被动语态 (have/has been + 过去分词)现在完成时被动语态格式: have/has been + 过去分词* Big progresshasalsobeen madein cultural and educational fields.文化和教育领域也取得了很大的进展* This novelha
18、s been translatedinto several languages. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。* The experimenthas been donesuccessfully. 这个实验做得很成功。* The radiohas not been turnedon yet. 收音机还没开。*Hasa new training centrebeen setup in our town ？ 我们镇上新的培训中心建好了吗？过去完成时的被动语态 (had + been + 过去分词)过去完成时被动语态格式: had + been + 过去分词* His newly written novelhad been translatedinto English by the end of last month.上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。* She told me that shehad been dismissedby her boss. 她告诉我，她的老板已把她解雇了。* She found the househad been destroyedby the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。* By last December three shipshad been builtby them. 到去年十二月底他们已建造了三艘船。学科网（北京）股份有限公司