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1、专题四专题四 动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态2022202220222022 年各省市高考题年各省市高考题(改编改编)A 卷全国卷单句语法填空/单句改错1(2022全国，62)I_(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre.答案was allowed依据语境及 allow sb to do sth 这一固定句式可知，我应当是被允许接近这些可爱的动物。2(2022全国，短文改错)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality o
2、il areusing for cooking._答案using usedbe used for“被用来做”，为固定短语。3(2022全国，43)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow_(be)oftenacceptable.答案is考查主谓全都和时态。本句的主语为动名词短语 leaving the less.，动名词作主语谓语要用单数第三人称形式，且这里说的是一个客观事实，故要用 is。4(2022全国，42)Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopstick
3、s might_(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.答案be made考查语态。依据句意筷子是被制造的。5(2022全国，49)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and_(be)too violent for use at the table.答案were考查时态。此处 were 是与 would remind 并列的谓语动词。6(2021全国，61)It was raining lightly when I_(arrive)in Yangshuo j
4、ust before dawn.答案arrived句意：就在天亮之前我到了阳朔，天下着小雨。依据前后句时态可知用一般过去时。7(2021全国，67)Yangshuo_(be)really beautiful.答案is句意：阳朔真的很秀丽。这里用一般现在时。8(2021全国，短文改错)I think I would be happy there._答案thinkthought句意：我认为在那儿很欢快。时态用法错误。这里用一般过去时，表示“过去认为”。9(2021全国，短文改错)Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has alre
5、ady becomea very serious problem._答案去掉 been句意：很多争辩表明全球变暖早已成为严峻的问题了。主语与动词为主动关系，这里不需要用被动语态。10(2021全国，短文改错)We must found ways to protect our environment._答案foundfind句意：我们必需找到方法来爱护我们的地球。动词用法错误。情态动词must 后接动词原形。11(2021全国，68)This cycle_(go)day after day.答案goes依据上下文，此处用一般现在时态。12(2021全国，短文改错)Tony was scared
6、and begun to cry._答案begunbegan动词形式错误，依据上文可知该句谓语动词应用一般过去式。13(2021全国，短文改错)A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside ashop._答案tellingtold此处 tell 应与前文 saw 并列作谓语，故用一般过去时。14(2022全国大纲，22)Unless extra money_(find),the theatre will close.答案is found本题考查时态，条件状语从句中用现在时代替将来时，该句是被动语态，故用 is found。15(2
7、022全国大纲，32)The reports went missing in 2022 and nobody _(see)them since.答案has seen本题考查时态，依据时间状语“从那以后”，可知选用现在完成时，表示现在的结果。16(2022全国大纲，短文改错)The understanding between two friends mean both of them havesimilar ideas and trust each other._答案meanmeans依据上文中动名词作主语可知谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，此处表示客观事实，故选用一般现在时。17(2022全国，6
8、1)It_(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.答案was本题考查时态，依据上下文全都原则，应与后文 could 全都，故选择一般过去式。答案have changed此句考查时态，依据上下文此句表示现在已经发生转变了，故用现在完成时。26(2021全国，短文改错)I was only four when she passes away._答案passespassed依据上下文时态全都原则，此处应为一般过去时。18(2022全国，短文改错)Since thenfor all these yearswe had been allowin
9、g tomatoes to selfseed where they please._答案hadhave依据上下文，此处表示迄今为止，故用现在完成时。19(2022全国，65)A boy on a bike _(catch)my attention.He was riding beside the bus andwaving his arms.答案caught此处考查时态，依据下文中的 was 可知该句谓语动词用一般过去时。20(2022全国，短文改错)My dream school look like a big garden._答案looklooks时态错误，依据前后时态全都原则，前文用一般
10、现在时，此处主语是第三人称单数形式。21(2022全国，短文改错)We can lie on the grass for a rest,sat by the lake listeningmusic._答案satsit由于该动作与前文 lie 并列在情态动词之后，故用动词原形。22(2021全国大纲，27)We_(leave)very early so we packed the night before.答案were leaving依据语意：我们很早就要动身，所以我们头天晚上就打包了。可知表示过去将来时，leave 是位移性动词，用过去进行时表将来。23(2021全国大纲，短文改错)At ho
11、me my father often thinks Im silly.He said if I decide to dosomething,it takes him much time to stop me._答案saidsays依据上下文时态全都原则，此处用一般现在时。24(2021全国，24)If we_(not act)now to protect the environment,well live to regret it.答案dont act此处考查动词时态，此句中是假设条件句中，用现在时表将来。句意：假如我们现在不行动来爱护环境，我们会懊悔的。25(2021全国，27)When I
12、 first met Bryan I didnt like him,but I_(change)my mind.27(2021全国，短文改错)Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups withouthandles._答案drankdrunk此处表被动，应用过去分词。28(2022全国，23)“Life is like walking in the snow”，Granny used to say,“because every step_(show)”答案shows依据上下文可知此处表示客观事实，故选用一般现在时。29(2022全国，18)Th
13、e manager_(tell)the workers how to improve the program since 9am.答案has been telling此处表示从九点钟始终持续并照旧在进行的动作，故选用现在完成进行时。30(2022全国，短文改错)Yet it seemed water is becoming less and less._答案seemedseems由于承接上文应用一般现在时。B 卷地方卷用所给词的适当形式填空1(2022北京，21)Jack_(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred.答案was working考查时
14、态。句意：杰克正在试验室里工作这时突然停电了。此题考查到句型 be doing.when.结构。由 occurred 可知停电是发生在过去的某一具体时刻，故用 wasworking。2(2022北京，23)Excuse me,which movie are you waiting for?The new Star Wars.We_(wait)here for more than two hours.答案have been waiting考查时态。句意：请问，你们在等哪场电影？最新的星际大战，我们在这儿已经等了两个小时了。由句中时间状语 for more than two hours 可知，动作
15、从过去连续到现在，并对现在产生直接影响，且动作还可能连续，故用现在完成进行时。3(2022北京，25)I_(read)half of the English novel,and Ill try to finish it at the weekend.答案have read考查时态。句意：我已经读完这本英文小说的一半了，我会争取在周末读完。前一分句表示到现在已经完成的动作，与现在有联系，故用现在完成时。答案had become考查动词的时态。句意：到大约公元前 100 年时丝绸已成为沿丝绸之路进行交易的主要货物之一。by过去时间作状语，谓语应用过去完成时态。10(2022浙江，14)When t
16、he time came to make the final decision for a course,I decided to apply for4(2022北京，30)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts_(reward)success in the end.答案will be rewarded考查时态和语态。句意：同学们始终努力学习他们的功课，他们的努力终将得到成功的回报。由句意可知，reward 这一动作发生在 have been working 之后，故用将来时态，reward
17、和 efforts 之间为被动关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。5(2022四川，阅读D)Night milk quickened the start of sleep and _(cause)the mice to sleeplonger.答案caused考查时态，和前面的 quickened 并列关系。6(2022四川，61)The giant panda_(love)by people throughout the world.答案is loved全世界的人都宠爱大熊猫。这里用一般现在时表示现状，panda 与 love 之间为被动关系。7(2022江苏，22)More efforts,
18、as reported，_(make)in the years ahead to accelerate thesupplyside structural reform.答案will be made考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：正如报道的那样，在将来几年内要做出更大的努力去加快供应侧结构改革。依据时间状语 in the years ahead 可知，此处要用一般将来时，再结合主语 more efforts 与动词 make 之间为被动关系。8(2022江苏，29)Dashan,who_(learn)crosstalk,the Chinese comedic tradition,for deca
19、des,wants to mix it up with the Western standup tradition.答案has been learning考查现在完成进行时的用法。句意：大山已经学习中国喜剧文化相声几十年了，他期望把相声与西方喜剧整合起来。依据时间状语for decades 可知，表示从过去到现在(有可能连续到将来)，故此处要用现在完成进行时。9(2022浙江，9)Silk _(become)one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road byabout 100 BC.the one that _(reflect)my i
20、nterest.答案reflected考查时态。句意：当最终打算选一门课程时，我打算申请那个反映爱好的课程。主句用的一般过去时，从句也如此。(2021江苏，30)The real reason why prices _(be),and still are,too high is complex,and noshort discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.答案were句意：价格过去和现在仍旧过高的缘由是简单的，没有简短的争辩可以令人满足地解释这个问题。依据 and still are 可以推断出空白处是对过去时态的考查。(2021
21、湖南，22)As you go through this book,you _(find)that each of the millions ofpeople who lived through World War had a different experience.答案will find句意：在你扫瞄这本书时，你会发觉经受二战的数百万人的经受各不相同。as 引导时间状语从句，意思是“当的时候”，在从句中使用的是一般现在时，所以主句使用一般将来时，即所谓“主将从现”，主句使用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时。(2021湖南，25)I wasnt able to hide my eagernes
22、s when I _(ask),“What do you wishme to do now？”答案asked句意：在我问“现在你想让我干什么？”时，我无法掩饰自己的迫切心情。从句中的时态应当和主句中的时态保持全都，而不是和直接引语中的时态保持全都。(2021湖南，28)He must have sensed that I _(look)at him.He suddenly glanced at me andsaid quietly,“Why are you staring at me like that？”答案was looking句意：他肯定是感到了我在看他。他突然瞥了我一眼，然后安静地说：
23、“为什么这样盯着看我？”must have done 是对过去状况的推想，that 后面应当使用过去时，再依据后面“为什么这样盯着看我？”所使用的时态为进行时，可知此处为过去进行时。(2021湖南，32)I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy,but _(hold)backthankfully by the shop window.1112131415答案was held句意：我有一种猛烈的进去玩玩具的冲动，但是幸亏被橱窗拦住了。前面 had是一般过去时，此处是并列谓语，也应当使用一般过去时；hold back 和主语 I
24、 之间是被动关系，所以使用被动语态。16(2021北京，22)Did you enjoy the party?答案stayed22(2022湖南，28)Since the time humankind started gardening，we _(try)to make ourenvironment more beautiful.答案have been trying23(2022江苏，23)How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held inYes.We _(treat)well by our hosts.答案were
25、 treated句意：你们聚会玩得欢快吗？是的，仆人款待我们很好。依据上一句中的 did 可知用一般过去时；且 we 和 treated 是动宾关系，用被动语态。故该空用一般过去时的被动语态。17(2021北京，26)In the last few years,China _(make)great achievements in environmentalprotection.答案has made句意：在最近的几年里，中国在环境爱护方面已经取得了巨大的成就。由“inthe last few years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。18(2021北京，27)Did you have difficu
26、lty finding Anns house?Not really.She _(give)us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.答案had given句意：你们找到安的家有困难吗？真的没有，她已经给了我们清楚的说明，我们能够很简洁地找到它。由句意可知 give 这一动作发生在“我们找安的家之前”，故用过去完成时。19(2021北京，30)Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.All right.I _(call)him later.答案will call句意：Dr.Ja
27、ckson现在不在他的办公室里。好的，过一会儿我再给他打电话。由句中的 later 可知此处要用一般将来时。20(2021浙江，8)Albert Einstein was born in 1879.As a child,few people guessed that he_(go)be a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.答案was going to句意：爱因斯坦诞生于 1879 年。小时候，几乎没有人想到他会成为一个其理论将会转变世界的科学家。依据语境可知，此处要用过去将来时。21(2022福建，23)Havent
28、 seen you for ages!Where have you been?I went to Ningxia and_(stay)there for one year，teaching as a volunteer.Nanjing?Well，the media _(cover)it in a variety of forms.答案have covered24(2022山东，1)Writing out all the invitations by hand was more timeconsuming thanwe_(expect)答案had expected25(2022山东，5)They
29、 made up their mind that they_(buy)a new house once Larry changedjobs.答案would buy26(2021北京，28)Hurry up!Mark and Carol _(expect)us.答案are expecting27(2021辽宁，30)We are confident that the environment _(improve)by our further effortsto reduce pollution.答案will be improved28(2022四川，11)They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house_(rebuild)答案is being rebuilt句意：他们现在临时和父母一起居住，由于他们自己的房子正在重建。依据句意可知，应使用现在进行时态，且house 与动词 rebuild 之间为被动关系，故使用现在进行时态的被动语态。