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1、2021年安徽省高考英语总复习：阅读理解2 Killed in Knife Attack in French Town Under LockdownIn what was described as a potential terrorist attack,a knife-wielding man killed twopeople and wounded five others on Saturday morning in a town in southern France with only afew shops open under a national lockdown to preven
2、t the coronavirus pandemic（新冠月市炎）.The attacks took place about 11 a.m.local time outside a bakery and othershops.Witnesses said that the suspect yelled,Allahu akbar!u as he lunged at his victims,according to France Bleu.The assailant（行凶者）randomly attacked bystanders on the street,first cutting the t
3、hroat of a man in his 40s in front of his companion and his son,in the centerof Romans-sur-Isere,just south of Lyon,according to the French authorities and newsmedia.He then attacked two workers and a customer inside a tobacco store before heading to abutchers shop.The suspect,a 33-year-old man of S
4、udanese origin,was arrested by thepolice as he was found on his knees on the sidewalk while praying in Arabic,*said thecountrys antiterrorism prosecutors office,which is handling the investigation into theattack.At the mans home,investigators found religious writings in which the authorcomplained of
5、 living in a country of infidels（没有信仰的）“the prosecutors said in astatement.The suspect-who the French news media said was an asylum-seeker（避难者）fromSudan-was not immediately identified by name.President Emmanuel Macron vowed thatlight would be shed on this odious（可憎的）act which casts a shadow on our c
6、ountry,which has already been severely tested in recent weeks.（1）Where does the attacker come from?A.Iraq.B.Saudi Arabia.C.France.D.Sudan.第1页 共7 3页（2）The first victim was accompanied wi t h when he was attacked.A.his sonB.his companionC.his wife and his sonD.none（3）Which of the following statements
7、is Not True according the passage?A.The attack was in the street.B.The suspect was an infidel man.C.The suspects name wasn*t known to the French new media at first.D.President Emmanuel Macron eared much about the case and promised to make it clear.2.Reducing,reusing,and recycling is a way of life in
8、 Sweden.Recycling is required by lawand garbage is sorted at home before if goes to a recycling center.Recyclables are sorted intoseven categories and recycling stations are within just 300 meters of all residential areas.”Recycling almost everything is a must in Sweden now.It actually feels very un
9、comfortablewhen you visit another country and cant find easy ways to recycle,said Owen Gaffney,anexpert at Stockholm Resilience Centre and Future Earth.But not all of its garbage is recycled.Sweden uses alternatives that includeincineratinggarbage to make electricity instead of using fossil fuels（化石
10、燃料）to heat 1.2million homes.About half of household garbage is sent to one of the 33 waste-to-heatplants.Sweden is importing garbage from other countries to keep these plantsrunning.Sweden is also a world leader in turning food waste into eco-friendly biogas（沼气）.It has made food waste collection com
11、pulsory beginning in 2021.There is a food wastebiogas plant,which allows biogas to be used to run public buses and to heat apartmentbuildings.Sweden now wants to deal with those remaining items that cannot be recycled by using acircular（循环论证的）economy approach.It means that products can be reused and
12、 onlyrecycled when absolutely necessary.The Swedish government formed an advisory group tofind a way of making this part of its environmental policy.This will not work effectively unless people are taught to change their behavior.Now thegovernment is第2页 共7 3页reforming its tax code so that people cou
13、ld get cheaper repairs or buy used things.The largeSwedish clothing retailer(零售商)H&M operates a recycling program that gives customersdiscounts when they bring back old clothing.Sweden is fighting climate change by doing all the right stuff.Waste recycling and theplans to switch to a circular econom
14、y will go a long way in reducing its carbon footprint andwill help stop global warming.(1)What do we know about Sweden?A.Sweden imports household garbage for biogas.B.It is convenient to recycle things in Sweden.C.Half of garbage in Sweden is used to produce heat.D.Everything is recycled after being
15、 used in Sweden.(2)What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 mean?A.Burning.B.Treating.C.Throwing.D.Reusing.(3)What does the advisory group do?A.Teach people how to save fossil fuels.B Conduct a survey about the local economy.C.Offer advice on environmental policy.D.Make sure the citizens recycle
16、 wisely.(4)How does the government encourage its citizens to reuse?A.It provides various recycling programs.B.It cuts down taxes on new products.C.It gives discounts to regular buyers.D.It offers lower prices for repairs.3.Loneliness hurts.It is psychologically distressing and so physically unhealth
17、y that beinglonely increases the likelihood of an earlier death by 26 percent.But psychologists think ithurts so much because,like hunger and thirst,loneliness acts as a biological alarm bell.第3页 共7 3页On March 26,just as the COVID-19 pandemic gripped the world,researchers fromthe Massachusetts Insti
18、tute of Technology posted a report on bioRxiv.It is the first study inhumans to show that both loneliness and hunger share signals deep in a part of the brain thatgoverns very basic impulses for reward and motivation.So,our need to connect isapparently as fundamental as our need to eat.The researche
19、rs used functional magnetic resonance imaging（fMRI）to compare brainresponses to loneliness and hunger.40 adult participants underwent a 10-hour sessiondepriving（剥 夺）them of food and another 10-hour session denying them socialcontact.Both sessions served as a control（对照）condition for each other.The s
20、ocial-isolation condition was challenging to arrange.Some people are lonely in acrowd,while others enjoy solitude To induce（弓 I 起）not jusl objective isolation but subjectivefeelings of loneliness,the researchers had the participants spend their time from 9A.M.to7 P.M.in a room at the laboratory with
21、out phones,laptops or even novels in case fictionalcharacters provided some social support.Puzzles were allowed,as was preapprovednonfiction reading or writing.Researchers then focused on a midbrain region called the substantia nigra”,a center ofdopamine（多 巴胺）release involved with motivation and des
22、ire.The dopaminergicresponse shows a strong wanting.In the scanner,participants saw images of their preferredforms of social interaction and of their favorite foods,as well as a control image offlowers.It was then found that the substantia nigra responded only to cues of what they hadbeen deprived o
23、f.The magnitude of the response correlated with the subjects self-reports ofhow hungry or lonely they were,though the feelings of hunger were consistently stronger.Finally,the researchers used machine learning to confirm their findings.A softwareclassifier trained to recognize neural patterns during
24、 fasting（斋戒）proved able to recognizesimilar neural patterns from the social-isolation condition even thoughit had never seenthem.So there seems to be an underlying shared neural signature between the two states.Even before the COVID-19 pandemic,an obvious next question for the work waswhether differ
25、ent forms of social media could satisfy the need for social connection.Thoseresearchers were never able to get funding for such a study.But now it seems they will.第4页 共7 3页(1)The report posted on March 26.A.is based on the social-isolation condition during the pandemicB.is the first study on the eff
26、ect of loneliness on human beingsC.reflects the similarity between loneliness and hungerD.shows human need for reward and motivation(2)What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A.Why inducing feelings of loneliness was challenging.B.How loneliness was created among participants.C.Why participants were denied
27、 access to phones.D.How researchers compared brain responses.(3)We can infer that participants substantia nigra s h o we d response(s)to the imageof flowers.A.littleB,variousC.strongD.consistent(4)What does the underlined it in Paragraph 6 refer to?A.The neural signature.B.Fasting.C.Machine learning
28、.D.The classifier.4.Dolphin(海豚)or not a dolphin?That is the question!You see,there are several typesof dolphins.Some are saltwater dolphins while others are river dolphins.“What are the 32 types of dolphins?When people are asking the question,they areactually refeiring to the saltwater dolphins in o
29、ceans and seas.The river dolphins living infresh water are not included in these species(物种).But what would be the answer in thiscase if we ask,Dolphin or not a dolphin?”The answer would obviously be yes.Riverdolphins still belong to the dolphin family.Among the 32 types of dolphins,some do not actu
30、ally wear the word dolphin1 in theirnames,such as the tucuxi,while others actually have the word“whale”as part of their names第5页 共7 3页even if they are not whales but in fact,belong to the dolphin family,for example,the melon-headed whale and the killer whale.So what would be the answer to the questi
31、on dolphinor not a dolphin?”in these cases?It would be yes.All these species do belong to thedolphin family.Another question that people ask is,“Are the sea animals that perform at aquariums(水族馆)all dolphins?So,it always seems to come back to the question,Dolphin or not adolphin?Well the answer is n
32、o in this case.The sea animals that perform there are not alldolphins.The beluga which people tend to think belong to the dolphin family because theyshow what seems like a smile,like most dolphins,are in fact a species of the whale family.Now that you read these facts about dolphins,you probably rea
33、lize that certain seaanimals may appear to be part of the dolphin species and that others seem to be part of thewhale family but in either case,it is not obvious and can be surprising when you identify a seaanimal as being a dolphin or not a dolphin.That is the question!(1)Which of the following act
34、ually belongs to the whale family?A.The tucuxi.B.The beluga.C.The killer whale.D.The melon-headed whale.(2)What do we know about the majority of the dolphins?A.They perform for audience.B.They appear friendly.C.They look like whales.D.They live in fresh water.(3)What paragraph could be added about d
35、olphins before the last paragraph if you were theauthor?_A.The living area.B.Dolphin training.C.The eating habits.D.Further identification.第6页 共7 3页(4)This article can be classified as.A.popular scienceB.literary fictionC.a news reportD.a travel diary5.Experience all the most famous sights in Copenh
36、agen with our Hop On-Hop Off and CitySightseeing tours equipped with audio guide in II languages.Choose between three differentroutes that will take you through different and diverse areas of the city：The ClassicCopenhagen tour,the Urban Green tour or the Colorful Copenhagen tour.It is up to you ify
37、ou want to stay on board for a full ride or if you want to get off and explore sights on theway.You can hop off and on as much as you like.If you prefer a non-stop tour,thenCopenhagen Panorama is perfect for you.This tour will take you to all the mainattractions.It is live guided in English and incl
38、udes photo stops at The Little Mermaid,Amalienborg Palace and the Opera.Danes love being close to the water and this is no exception in Copenhagen.The waterside of the city is very lively,and citizens love to spend their spare time along thecanals.Explore the harbor and canals of Copenhagen with a c
39、anal tour.Choose between theclassic I hour live guided Grand Tour or the Hop On-Hop Off boat tour with audio guide andexperience Copenhagen and its beauty from the water side.If you can*t decide between bus and boat-no worries.You can get both.A ticket thatcombines bus and boat will give you the ver
40、y best opportunity to discover Copenhagen at yourown pace.With our combination tickets you even save money compared to buying separatetickets.A ticket to our combination tours allows you to experience all that Copenhagen has tooffer from the water as well as from the land.Of course,you can freely sw
41、itch between ourbuses and boats at various spots across the city if you go for the hop-on hop-off option.Experience all the main attractions in the city：The Little Mermaid,the royal castleAmalienborg Palace,picturesque historical buildings like the colorful Nyhavn and feel thefree spirit of Freetown
42、 Christania and the hygge at Frederiksbergs green areas.Our buses andboats take you easily to all the top attractions in Copenhagen!第7页 共7 3页(1)The text is most probably taken f r om.A.a research paperB.a text bookC.a travel brochureD.a user guide(2)What can we learn from the first paragraph?A.You c
43、an hop on a bus or boat for limited times.B.The Colorful Copenhagen tour is a non-stop tour.C.Sightseeing tours are equipped with video guide in 11 languages.D.All the main scenic spots are covered in the Copenhagen Panorama tour.(3)If you want to fully explore Copenhagen at your own pace,which migh
44、t be the bestchoice?_A.Choose the classic I hour live guided Grand Tour.B Get a combination ticket that combines bus and boat tours.C.First buy a bus ticket and then buy a boat ticket for all the attractions.D.Explore the idyllic harbor and canals of Copenhagen with a canal tour.6.Rivers are the vei
45、ns of the Earth,transporting the water and nutrients(营养物)needed tosupport the planet*s ecosystems,including human life.While many nutrients are essential tothe survival of life,there is one element transported by water in rivers that holds the key tolife and to the future of our planet-carbon Carbon
46、 is everywhere and understanding the way it moves and is either released or storedby the Earth system is a complex science in itself.Carbon starts its journey downstream whennatural acid rain,which contains carbon dioxide from the atmosphere,melts minerals inrocks.This helps transform carbon dioxide
47、 to bicarbonate(碳酸氢盐)in the water that thenflows in our rivers.This is a very long process,which is one of the main ways carbondioxide is removed from the atmosphere.Carbon is transported by rivers to oceans and oncethat carbon reaches the ocean,it is stored naturally in deep sea sediments(沉 淀 物)for
48、millions of years.As carbon travels down a river,different processes may impact whether it continues toflow downstream or whether it is released into the atmosphere.For example,human第8页 共7 3页engineering,like extensive dam construction,will result in dramatic changes to how waterand sediments travel
49、down the river.Some carbon that fails to reach the sea may return to theatmosphere in some way,which causes more warming.Earths climate is closely related to the carbon cycle.We all know about the essential roleof plants in consuming carbon dioxide,but do we know enough about rivers?Changing thechem
50、istry and the course of rivers may have significant impacts on how they transportcarbon.Remember：wherever we live,we all live downstream.(1)Where is the carbon in rivers originally from?A,The atmosphere.B.The rocks.C.The acid rain.D.The upstream areas.(2)Why is human engineering mentioned in Paragra