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1、凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，http:/http:/考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！20112011 年全国管理类联考英语二真题及答年全国管理类联考英语二真题及答案案Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blackand mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)The I
2、nternet affords anonymity to its users，a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech.But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3?Last month，Howard Schmidt，the
3、nations cyber-czar，offered the federal governmenta 4 to make the Web a safer place-a“voluntary trusted identity”system that would be thehigh-tech 5 of a physical key，a fingerprint and a photo ID card，all rolled 6 one.The systemmight use a smart identity card，or a digital credential 7 to a specific c
4、omputer.and wouldauthenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems.User could 9 which system tojoin，and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate thosesystems.The approach contrasts with one that woul
5、d require an Internet driver s license 10 by thegovernment.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“single sign-on”systemsthat make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12.the approach would create a“walled garden”n cyberspace，with safe“neighb
6、orhoods”and bright“streetlights”to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr.Schmidt described it as a“voluntary ecosystem”in which“individuals andorganizations can complete online transactions with 14，trusting the identities of each other andthe identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transactio
7、n runs”。Still，the administrations plan has 16 privacy rights activists.Some applaud the approach;others are concerned.It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would 17be a compulsory Internet“drives license”mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some computer
8、security experts，who worry thatthe“voluntary ecosystem”envisioned by Mr.Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet19.They argue that all Internet users should be 20 to register and identify themselves，in thesame way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.1.A.swept B.skipped C.wal
9、ked D.ridden2.A.for B.within C.while D.though3.A.careless B.lawless C.pointless D.helpless4.A.reason B.reminder C.compromise D.proposal5.A.information B.interference C.entertainment D.equivalent6.A.by B.into C.from D.over7.A.linked B.directed C.chained D.compared8.A.dismiss B.discover C.create D.imp
10、rove凯程考研，考研机构，凯程考研，考研机构，1010 年高质量辅导，值得信赖！年高质量辅导，值得信赖！以学员的前途为已任，为学员提以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作供高效、专业的服务，团队合作,为学员服务，为学员引路。为学员服务，为学员引路。凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，http:/http:/考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！9.A.recall B.suggest C.select D.realize10.A.relcased B.issued C.di
11、stributed D.delivered11.A.carry on B.linger on C.set in D.log in12.A.In vain B.In effect C.In return D.In contrast13.A.trusted B.modernized c.thriving D.competing14.A.caution B.delight C.confidence D.patience15.A.on B.after C.beyond D.across16.A.divided B.disappointed C.protected D.united17.A.freque
12、stly B.incidentally C.occasionally D.eventually18.A.skepticism B.relerance C.indifference D.enthusiasm19.A.manageable B.defendable C.vulnerable D.invisible20.A.invited B.appointed C.allowed D.forcedSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts.Answer the questions af
13、ter each text by choosing A，B，C orD.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs s board as an outside director in January 2000：a yearlater she became president of Brown University.For the rest of the decade she apparentlymanaged both roles without attracting
14、 much eroticism.But by the end of 2009 Ms.Simmons wasunder fire for having sat on Goldman s compensation committee;how could she have let thoseenormous bonus payouts pass unremarked?By February the next year Ms.Simmons had left theboard.The position was just taking up too much time，she said.Outside
15、directors are supposed to serve as helpful，yet less biased，advisers on a firmsboard.Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere，they presumably have enoughindependence to disagree with the chief executives proposals.If the sky，and the share price isfalling，outside directors should be ab
16、le to give advice based on having weathered their owncrises.The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10，000 firmsand more than 64，000 different directors between 1989 and 2004.Then they simply checkedwhich directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next.The mo
17、st likely reason for departinga board was age，so the researchers concentrated on those“surprise”disappearances bydirectors under the age of 70.They fount that after a surprise departure，the probability that thecompany will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%.The likelihood
18、ofbeing named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases，and the stock is likely to performworse.The effect tended to be larger for larger firms.Although a correlation between them leavingand subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive，it does not mean that such directorsare always ju
19、mping off a sinking ship.Often they“trade up.”Leaving riskier，smaller firms forlarger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow totheir reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks，even if a review of history showsthey
20、were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred.Firms who want to keep their outsidedirectors through tough times may have to create incentives.Otherwise outside directors willfollow the example of Ms.Simmons，once again very popular on campus.凯程考研，考研机构，凯程考研，考研机构，1010 年高质量辅导，值得信赖！年高质量辅导，值得信赖！以学
21、员的前途为已任，为学员提以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作供高效、专业的服务，团队合作,为学员服务，为学员引路。为学员服务，为学员引路。凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，http:/http:/考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！21.According to Paragraph 1，Ms.Simmons was criticized for.Againing excessive profitsBfailing to fulfill her dutyCrefusing
22、 to make compromisesDleaving the board in tough times22.We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be.Agenerous investorsBunbiased executivesCshare price forecastersDindependent advisers23.According to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside directors surprisedepa
23、rture，the firm is likely to.Abecome more stableBreport increased earningsCdo less well in the stock marketDperform worse in lawsuits24.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors.Amay stay for the attractive offers from the firmBhave often had records of wrongdoings in the firm
24、Care accustomed to stress-free work in the firmDwill decline incentives from the firm25.The authors attitude toward the role of outside directors is.ApermissiveBpositiveCscornfulDcriticalText 2Whatever happened to the death of newspaper?A year ago the end seemed near.Therecession threatened to remov
25、e the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet.Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom.AmericasFederal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers.Should theybecome charitable corporations?Should the state subsi
26、dize them?It will hold another meetingsoon.But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is the sign of crisis.German and Brazilian papers have shruggedoff the recession.Even American newspapers，which inhabit the most troubled come of theglobal industry，have not only survived b
27、ut often returned to profit.Not the 20%profit marginsthat were routine a few years ago，but profit all the same.It has not been much fun.Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard.TheAmerican Society of News Editors reckons that 13，500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007.Readers are pa
28、ying more for slimmer products.Some papers even had the nerve to refuse deliveryto distant suburbs.Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and，sadly for manyjournalists，they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses，with a healthier mix of revenues fromre
29、aders and advertisers.American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads.凯程考研，考研机构，凯程考研，考研机构，1010 年高质量辅导，值得信赖！年高质量辅导，值得信赖！以学员的前途为已任，为学员提以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作供高效、专业的服务，团队合作,为学员服务，为学员引路。为学员服务，为学员引路。凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，http:/http:/考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！考
30、研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！Fully 87%of their revenues came from advertising in 2008，according to the Organization forEconomic Cooperation Development(OECD)。In Japan the proportion is 35%.Not surprisingly，Japanese newspapers are much more stable.The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody
31、，but much of the damagehas been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive.Car and film reviewers havegone.So have science and general business reporters.Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off.Newspapers are less complete as a result.But completeness is no longer a virtue in the
32、 newspaperbusiness.26.By saying“Newspapers like their own doom”(Lines 3-4，Para.1)，the authorindicates that newspaper.Aneglected the sign of crisisBfailed to get state subsidiesCwere not charitable corporationsDwere in a desperate situation27.Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probab
33、ly because.Areaders threatened to pay lessBnewspapers wanted to reduce costsCjournalists reported little about these areasDsubscribers complained about slimmer products28.Compared with their American counterparts，Japanese newspapers are much more stablebecause they.Ahave more sources of revenueBhave
34、 more balanced newsroomsCare less dependent on advertisingDare less affected by readership29.What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper business?ADistinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.BCompleteness is to blame for the failure of newspaper.CForeign bureau
35、s play a crucial role in the newspaper business.DReaders have lost their interest in car and film reviews.30.The most appropriate title for this text would be.AAmerican Newspapers：Struggling for SurvivalBAmerican Newspapers：Gone with the WindCAmerican Newspapers：A Thriving BusinessDAmerican Newspape
36、rs：A Hopeless StoryText 3We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperityand growth，with soldiers returning home by the millions，going off to college on the G.I.Billand lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses，it was a time of commo
37、n sense and a belief that less couldtruly be more.During the Depression and the war，Americans had learned to live with less，andthat restraint，in combination with the postwar confidence in the future，made small，efficienthousing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend t
38、oward efficient living.The phrase凯程考研，考研机构，凯程考研，考研机构，1010 年高质量辅导，值得信赖！年高质量辅导，值得信赖！以学员的前途为已任，为学员提以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作供高效、专业的服务，团队合作,为学员服务，为学员引路。为学员服务，为学员引路。凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，http:/http:/考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！“less is more”was actually first popu
39、larized by a German，the architect Ludwig Mies van derRohe，who like other people associated with the Bauhaus，a school of design，emigrated to theUnited States before World War IIand took up posts at American architecture schools.These designers came to exert enormousinfluence on the course of American
40、 architecture，but none more so that Mies.Mies s signature phrase means that less decoration，properly organized，has more impactthat a lot.Elegance，he believed，did not derive from abundance.Like other modern architects，he employed metal，glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today
41、 buy thatin the 1940s symbolized the future.Mies s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that thespaces he designed were small and efficient，rather than big and often empty.The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicagos Lake Shore Drive，forexample，were smaller-two-bedroom units und
42、er 1，000 square feet-than those in their olderneighbors along the citys Gold Coast.But they were popular because of their airy glass walls，the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings details and proportions，thearchitectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The tren
43、d toward“less”was not entirely foreign.In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright startedbuilding more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1，200 square feet-than the spreadingtwo-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The“Case Study Houses”commissioned from talented modern ar
44、chitects by California ArtsArchitecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the“less is more”trend.Aesthetic effect came from the landscape，new materials and forthrightdetailing.In his Case Study House，Ralph everyday life few American families acquiredhelicopters，t
45、hough most eventually got clothes dryers but his belief that self-sufficiency wasboth desirable and inevitable was widely shared.31.The postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans .Aprosperity and growthBefficiency and practicalityCrestraint and confidenceDpride and faithfulness32
46、.Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus?AIt was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.BIts designing concept was affected by World War II.CMost American architects used to be associated with it.DIt had a great influence upon American architecture.33.Mies held that elegan
47、ce of architectural design.Awas related to large spaceBwas identified with emptinessCwas not reliant on abundant decorationDwas not associated with efficiency34.What is true about the apartments Mies building Chicagos Lake Shore Drive?AThey ignored details and proportions.BThey were built with mater
48、ials popular at that time.CThey were more spacious than neighboring buildings.DThey shared some characteristics of abstract art.凯程考研，考研机构，凯程考研，考研机构，1010 年高质量辅导，值得信赖！年高质量辅导，值得信赖！以学员的前途为已任，为学员提以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作供高效、专业的服务，团队合作,为学员服务，为学员引路。为学员服务，为学员引路。凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，ht
49、tp:/http:/考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！35.What can we learn about the design of the“Case Study House”?AMechanical devices were widely used.BNatural scenes were taken into considerationCDetails were sacrificed for the overall effect.DEco-friendly materials were employed.Text 4Will
50、the European Union make it?The question would have sounded strange not long ago.Now even the project s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a“Bermuda triangle”ofdebt，population decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems，the EU face an acute crisis in its economic core，the