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1、凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！20142014 年全国管理类联考英语二真题及答年全国管理类联考英语二真题及答案案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,Cor D on ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Thinner isnt always better.A number of studies have _1_ that normal-weight people arein fa
2、ct at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight.And there are healthconditions for which being overweight is actually _2_.For example,heavier women are lesslikely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women._3_ among the elderly,beingsomewhat overweight is often an _4_ of g
3、ood health.Of even greater _5_ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define.It isoften defined _6_ body mass index,or BMI.BMI _7_ body mass divided by the square ofheight.An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight.Between 25 and30 is overweight.And o
4、ver 30 is considered obese.Obesity,_8_,can be divided intomoderately obese,severely obese,and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem 9,they are not.Obesity is probably less a matter ofweight than body fat.Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit,10 others with a lowBMI
5、may be in poor 11.For example,many collegiate and professional football players 12 asobese,though their percentage body fat is low.Conversely,someone with a small frame may havehigh body fat but a 13 BMI.Today we have a(an)_14 _ to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight aresometimes_15_in the me
6、dia with their faces covered.Stereotypes _16_ with obesity includelaziness,lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and healthprofessionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese._17_very young children tendto look down on the overweight,and teasing about bod
7、y build has long been a problem in schools.1.A denied B conduced C doubled D ensured2.A protective B dangerous C sufficient Dtroublesome3.A Instead B However C Likewise D Therefore4.A indicator B objective C origin D example5.A impact B relevance C assistance D concern6.A in terms of B in case of C
8、in favor of D in of7.A measures B determines C equals D modifies8.A in essence B in contrast C in turn D in part9.A complicated B conservative C variable D straightforward10.A so B unlike C since D unless11.A shape B spirit C balance D taste12.A start B quality C retire D stay第1页共 1 页凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引
9、路！13.A strange B changeable C normal D constant14.A option B reason C opportunity D tendency15.A employed B pictured C imitated D monitored16.A B combined C settled D associated17.A Even B Still C Yet D Only18.A despised B corrected C ignored D grounded19.A discussions B businesses C policies D stud
10、ies20.A for B against C with D withoutSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C orD.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1What would you do with 590m?This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie,a
11、n 84-year-oldwidow who recently emerged from her small,tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggestundivided lottery jackpot in history.If she hopes her new-found for tune will yield lasting feelingsof fulfillment,she could do worse than read Happy Money by Elizabeth Dumn and MichaelNorton.The
12、se two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that themost rewardingways to spend money can be counterintuitive.Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions offancy cars and extravagant homes.Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairlyquickly what was once excit
13、ing and new becomes old-hat;regret creeps in.It is far better to spendmoney on experiences,say Ms Dumn and Mr Norton,like interesting trips,unique meals or evengoing to the cinema.These purchases often become more valuable with time-as stories ormemories-particularly if they involve feeling more con
14、nected to others.This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get themost happiness bang for your buck.It seems most people would be better off if they couldshorten their commutes to work,spend more time with friends and family and less of it watchingtelevision
15、(something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing,and ishardly jollier for it).Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasingthings for oneself,and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly.This isapparently the reason MacDonald
16、s restricts the availability of its popular McRib-a marketingtrick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.Readers of“HappyMoney”are clearly a privileged lot,anxious about fulfillment,nothunger.Money may not quite buy happiness,but people in wealthier countries are generallyhap
17、pier than those in poor ones.Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on otherscan be seen among rich and poor people around the world,and scarcity enhances the pleasure ofmost things for most people.Not everyone will agree with the authors policy ideas,which rangefrom mandating more hol
18、iday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers.But mostpeople will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.21.According to Dumn and Norton,which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?AA big house第2页共 2 页凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！BA special tourCA stylish carDA rich
19、meal22.The authors attitude toward Americans watching TV isAcriticalBsupportiveCsympatheticDambiguous23.Macrib is mentioned in paragraph 3 to show thatAconsumers are sometimes irrationalBpopularity usually comes after qualityCmarketing tricks are after effectiveDrarity generally increases pleasure24
20、.According to the last paragraph,Happy MoneyAhas left much room for readerscriticismBmay prove to be a worthwhile purchaseChas predicted a wider income gap in the usDmay give its readers a sense of achievement25.This text mainly discusses how toAbalance feeling good and spending moneyBspend large su
21、ms of money won in lotteriesCobtain lasting satisfaction from money spentDbecome more reasonable in spending on luxuriesText 2An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empiricalresearch says that,actually,you think youre more beautiful than you are.We have a deep-seated need to feel good
22、 aboutourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to research into what thecall the“above average effect”,or“illusory superiority”,and shown that,for example,70%of usrate ourselves as above average in leadership,93%in driving and 85%at getting on well withothersall obviou
23、sly statistical impossibilities.We rose tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations.We becomedefensive when criticized,and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem,westalk around thinking were hot stuff.Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley o
24、versaw a key studying intoself-enhancement and attractiveness.Rather that have people simply rate their beauty compresswith others,he asked them to identify an original photogragh of themselves from a lineupincluding versions that had been altered to appear more and less attractive.Visual recognitio
25、n,reads the study,is“an automatic psychological process occurring rapidly and intuitively with littleor no apparent conscious deliberation”.If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image-which must did-they genuinely believed it was really how they looked.Epley found no significantgender d
26、ifference in responses.Nor was there any evidence that,those who self-enhance the must(that is,the participants who thought the most positively doctored picture were real)were doing soto make up for profound insecurities.In fact those who thought that the images higher up the第3页共 3 页凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路
27、！attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other makers forhaving higher self-esteem.“I dont think the findings that we having have are any evidence ofpersonal delusion”,says Epley.“Its a reflection simply of people generally thinking well ofthemselves.If you are dep
28、ressed,you wont b e self-enhancing.Knowing the results of Epley sstudy,it makes sense that why people heat photographs of themselves Viscerally-on one level,theydont even recognise the person in the picture as themselves,Facebook therefore,is aself-enhancers paradise,where people can share only the
29、most flattering photos,the cream of theirwit,style,beauty,intellect and lifestyle its not that peoples profiles are dishonest,says catalinatoma of WisconMadison university,”but they portray an idealized version of themselves.26.According to the first paragraph,social psychologist have found that _.A
30、 our self-ratings are unrealistically highB illusory superiority is baseless effectC our need for leadership is unnaturalD self-enhancing strategies are ineffective27.Visual recognition is believed to be peoples_A rapid watchingB conscious choiceC intuitive responseD automatic self-defence28.Epley f
31、ound that people with higher self-esteem tended to_A underestimate their insecuritiesB believe in their attractivenessC cover up their depressionsD oversimplify their illusions29.The word“Viscerally”(Line 2,para.5)is closest in meaning to_.AinstinctivelyBoccasionallyCparticularlyDaggressively30.It c
32、an be inferred that Facebook is self-enhancers paradise because people can _.Apresent their dishonest profilesBdefine their traditional life stylesCshare their intellectual pursuitsDwithhold their unflattering sidesText 4When the government talks about infrastructure contributing to the economy the
33、focus isusually on roads,railways,broadband and energy.Housing is seldom mentioned.Why is that?To some extent the housing sector must shoulder the blame.We have not beengood at communicating the real value that housing can contribute to economic growth.Then thereis the scale of the typical housing p
34、roject.It is hard to shove for attention amongmultibillion-pound infrastructure project,so it is inevitable that the attention is focused elsewhere.But perhaps the most significant reason is that the issue has always been so politically charged.Nevertheless,the affordable housing situation is desper
35、ate.Waiting lists increase all the time第4页共 4 页凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！and we are simply not building enough new homes.The comprehensive spending review offers an opportunity for the government to help rectifythis.It needs to put historical prejudices to one side and take some steps to address our urgentho
36、using need.There are some indications that it is preparing to do just that.The communities minister,DonFoster,has hinted that George Osborne,Chancellor of the Exchequer,may introduce moreflexibility to the current cap on the amount that local authorities can borrow against their housingstock debt.Ev
37、idence shows that 60,000 extra new homes could be built over the next five years ifthe cap were lifted,increasing GDP by 0.6%.Ministers should also look at creating greater certainty in the rental environment,whichwould have a significant impact on the ability of registered providers to fund new dev
38、elopmentsfrom revenues.But it is not just down to the government.While these measures would be welcome in theshort term,we must face up to the fact that the existing 4.5bn programme of grants to fund newaffordable housing,set to expire in 2015,is unlikely to be extended beyond then.The Labour partyh
39、as recently announced that it will retain a large part of the coalitions spending plans if returns topower.The housing sector needs to accept that we are very unlikely to ever return to era oflarge-scale public grants.We need to adjust to this changing climate.36.The author believes that the housing
40、 sector_A has attracted much attentionB involves certain political factorsC shoulders too much responsibilityD has lost its real value in economy37.It can be learned that affordable housing has_A increased its home supplyB offered spending opportunitiesC suffered government biasesD disappointed the
41、government38.According to Paragraph 5,George Osborne may_.A allow greater government debt for housingB stop local authorities from building homesC prepare to reduce housing stock debtD release a lifted GDP growth forecast39.It can be inferred that a stable rental environment would_.Alower the costs
42、of registered providersBlessen the impact of government interferenceCcontribute to funding new developmentsDrelieve the ministers of responsibilities40.The author believes that after 2015,the government may_.Aimplement more policies to support housingBreview the need for large-scale public grantsCre
43、new the affordable housing grants programmeDstop generous funding to the housing sector第5页共 5 页凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text from English into Chinese.Write your translation on ANSWERSHEET 2.(15 points)Most people would define optimism as endlessl y
44、happy,with a glass thats perpetually halffall.But thats exactly the kind of false deerfulness that positive psychologists wouldntrecommend.“Healthy optimists means being in touch with reality.”says Tal Ben-Shahar,aHarvard professor,According to Ben-Shalar,realistic optimists are these who make the b
45、est ofthings that happen,but not those who believe everything happens for the best.Ben-Shalar uses three optimistic exercisers.When he feels down-sag,after giving a badlecture-he grants himself permission to be human.He reminds himself that mot every lecture canbe a Nobel winner;some will be less ef
46、fective than others.Next is reconstruction,He analyzes theweak lecture,leaning lessons,for the future about what works and what doesnt.Finally,there isperspective,which involves acknowledging that in the ground scheme of life,one lecture reallydoesnt matter.Section IV WritingPart A47.Directions:Supp
47、ose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with John,alocal student.Write him to email to1)tell him about your living habits,and2)ask for advice about living there.You should write about 100 words on answer sheet.Do not use your own name.Part B48.Directions:Write your essay on ANSWER S
48、HEET.(15 points)You should1.interpret the chart,and2.give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)1.【答案】B concluded【解析】题干中，一系列的研究已经_，事实上，正常体重的人的患病风险要高于超重的人。根据句义，后面的部分实际上是研究的结论，因此concluded 符合题意，其他选项 denied(否认)与意义相反，doubled(翻倍)与题意较远，ensured(确保)不符合题意，因为研究不能确保后面的事实，只
49、能得出后面的事实作为结论。所以正确答案为B。2.【答案】A protective【解析】题干中，对于某些健康情况，超重事实上是有_。根据前文研究的结论，超重能减少罹患疾病的风险，说明超重具有一定的保护作用。Dangerous 和文章意思相反，sufficient表示充足，troublesome 表示有麻烦，不符合题意，所以正确答案为A。3.【答案】C likewise【解析】第三句话中，较重的女人患缺钙的比例低于较瘦的女人。_，在老年人中，一定程度上超重。需要填入的是和前半句表示顺接的词语。A 选项 instead 表示逆接的句意关系，B 选项 however 也表示逆接，D 选项 there
50、fore 表示因此，只有 C 选项 likewise意为同样地;也，而且。因此正确答案为C。第6页共 6 页凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！4.【答案】A indicator【解析】本句话中，_，一定程度上超重，经常是健康的_。A 选项，表示指示器，指标。B 选项 objective 表示客观;C 选项 origin 表示来源，D 选项 example 表示例子。根据前面的文章内容，已经明确指出超重代表了健康，因此超重是健康的指标。因此正确答案为 A。5.【答案】D concern【解析】本句话的句意是，需要更加_是，很难对肥胖加以定义。A.impact(印象);B.relevance(相关