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1、英语二真题：英语二真题：Section 1 Use of EninglishSection 1 Use of EninglishDirections:Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy,the symbol of American militaryadventurism,but thats not how it used to be.To the men and women who 1)in World War II and the peoplethey liberated,the GI.w
2、as the 2)man grown into hero,the pool farm kid torn away from his home,the guy who3)all the burdens of battle,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4)of food and shelter,who stuck itout and drove back the Nazi reign of murder.this was not a volunteer soldier,not someone well paid,5)anavera
3、ge guy,up 6)the best trained,best equipped,fiercest,most brutal enemies seen in centuries.His name is not much.GI.is just a military abbreviation 7)Government Issue,and it was on all of thearticle 8)to soldiers.And Joe?A common name for a guy who never 9)it to the top.Joe Blow,Joe Magrac aworking cl
4、ass name.The United States has 10)had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe.GI.joe had a(11)career fighting German,Japanese,and Korean troops.He appers as a character,or a(12)of american personalities,in the 1945 movie The Story of GI.Joe,based on the last days of warcorrespondent E
5、rnie Pyle.Some of the soldiers Pyle(13)portrayde themselves in the film.Pyle was famous forcovering the(14)side of the warl,writing about the dirt-snow and-mud soldiers,not how many mileswere(15)or what towns were captured or liberated,His reports(16)the“willie”cartoons of famed Stars andStripes art
6、ist Bill Maulden.Both men(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war,the(18)of civilization that the soldiersshared with each other and the civilians:coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter,sleep.(19)Egypt,France,and adozen more countries,G.I.Joe was any American soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives.1
7、.A performed Bserved Crebelled Dbetrayed2.A actual Bcommon Cspecial Dnormal3.Abore Bcased Cremoved Dloaded4.Anecessities Bfacilitice Ccommodities Dpropertoes5.Aand Bnor Cbut Dhence6.Afor Binto C form Dagainst7.Ameaning Bimplying Csymbolizing Dclaiming8.Ahanded out Bturn over Cbrought back Dpassed do
8、wn9.Apushed Bgot Cmade Dmanaged10.Aever Bnever Ceither Dneither11.Adisguised Bdisturbed Cdisputed Ddistinguished12.Acompany Bcollection Ccommunity Dcolony13.Aemployed Bappointed Cinterviewed Dquestioned14.Aethical Bmilitary Cpolitical Dhuman15.Aruined Bcommuted Cpatrolled Dgained16.Aparalleled Bcoun
9、teracted Cduplicated Dcontradicted17.Aneglected Bavoided Cemphasized Dadmired18.Astages Billusions Cfragments Dadvancea19.AWith BTo CAmong DBeyond20.Aon the contrary B by this means Cfrom the outset Dat that pointSection II Resdiong ComprehensionSection II Resdiong ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read
10、 the following four texts.answer the question after each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark youranswers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 1Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even many parents,but in recent years it hasbeen particularly scorned.School districts across the countr
11、y,most recently Los Angeles Unified,are revisingtheir thinking on his educational ritual.Unfortunately,L.A.Unified has produced an inflexible policy whichmandates that with the exception of some advanced courses,homework may no longer count for more than10%of a students academic grade.This rule is m
12、eant to address the difficulty that students from impoverished or chaotic homes might havein completing their homework.But the policy is unclear and contradictory.Certainly,no homework should beassigned that students cannot do without expensive equipment.But if the district is essentially giving a p
13、ass tostudents who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives,it is going riskily close to theimplication that standards need to be lowered for poor children.District administrators say that homework will still be a pat of schooling:teachers are allowed to assign asmuch of it as th
14、ey want.But with homework counting for no more than 10%of their grades,students can easilyskip half their homework and see vey little difference on their report cards.Some students might do well onstate tests without completing their homework,but what about the students who performed well on the tes
15、ts anddid their homework?It is quite possible that the homework helped.Yet rather than empowering teachers to findwhat works best for their students,the policy imposes a flat,across-the-board rule.At the same time,the policy addresses none of the truly thorny questions about homework.If the district
16、finds homework to be unimportant to its students academic achievement,it should move to reduce or eliminatethe assignments,not make them count for almost nothing.Conversely,if homework does nothing to ensure thatthe homework students are not assigning more than they are willing to review and correct
17、.The homework rules should be put on hold while the school board,which is responsible for settingeducational policy,looks into the matter and conducts public hearings.It is not too late for L.A.Unified to dohomework right.21.It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework_.A is receiving more cr
18、iticismBis no longer an educational ritualCis not required for advanced coursesDis gaining more preferences22.L.A.Unified has made the rule about homework mainly because poor students_.Atend to have moderate expectations for their educationBhave asked for a different educational standardCmay have pr
19、oblems finishing their homeworkDhave voiced their complaints about homework23.According to Paragraph 3,one problem with the policy is that it may_.Adiscourage students from doing homeworkBresult in students indifference to their report cardsCundermine the authority of state testsDrestrict teachers p
20、ower in education24.As mentioned in Paragraph 4,a key question unanswered about homework is whether_.A itshould be eliminatedBit counts much in schoolingCit places extra burdens on teachersDit is important for grades25.A suitable title for this text could be_.AWrong Interpretation of an Educational
21、PolicyBA Welcomed Policy for Poor StudentsCThorny Questions about HomeworkDA Faulty Approach to HomeworkText2Pretty in pink:adult women do not rememer being so obsessed with the colour,yet it is pervasive in ouryoung girls lives.Tt is not that pink is intrinsically bad,but it is such a tiny slice of
22、 the rainbow and,though itmay celebrate girlhood in one way,it also repeatedly and firmly fuses girls identity to appearance.Then itpresents that connection,even among two-year-olds,between girls as not only innocent but as evidence ofinnocence.Looking around,I despaired at the singular lack of imag
23、ination about girls lives and interests.Girls attraction to pink may seem unavoidable,somehow encoded in their DNA,but according to JoPaoletti,an associate professor of American Studies,it is not.Children were not colour-coded at all until theearly 20th century:in the era before domestic washing mac
24、hines all babies wore white as a practical matter,since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them.Whats more,both boys and girls wore what werethought of as gender-neutral dresses.When nursery colours were introduced,pink was actually considered themore masculine colour,a pastel version
25、 of red,which was associated with strength.Blue,with its intimations ofthe Virgin Mary,constancy and faithfulness,symbolised femininity.It was not until the mid-1980s,whenamplifying age and sex differences became a dominant childrens marketing strategy,that pink fully came intoits own,when it began
26、to seem inherently attractive to girls,part of what defined them as female,at least for the firstfew critical years.I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kins,including our core beliefs about their psychological development.Take the toddler.
27、I assumed that phase wassomething experts developed after years of research into childrens behaviour:wrong.Turns out,acdording toDaniel Cook,a historian of childhood consumerism,it was popularised as a marketing trick by clothingmanufacrurers in the 1930s.Trade publications counselled department sto
28、res that,in order to increase sales,they should create a“thirdstepping stone”between infant wear and older kids clothes.Tt was only after“toddler”became a commonshoppers term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage.Splitting kids,or adults,intoever-tinier categories has proved a
29、sure-fire way to boost profits.And one of the easiest ways to segment amarket is to magnify gender differences or invent them where they did not previously exist.26.By saying it is.the rainbow(Line 3,Para.1),the author means pink_.Ashould not be the sole representation of girlhoodBshould not be asso
30、ciated with girls innocenceCcannot explain girls lack of imaginationDcannot influence girls lives and interests27.According to Paragraph 2,which of the following is true of colours?AColours are encoded in girls DNA.BBlue used to be regarded as the colour for girls.CPink used to be a neutral colour i
31、n symbolising genders.DWhite is prefered by babies.28.The author suggests that our perception of childrens psychological development was much influencedby_.Athe marketing of products for childrenBthe observation of childrens natureCresearches into childrens behaviorDstudies of childhood consumption2
32、9.We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised to_.Afocus on infant wear and older kids clothesBattach equal importance to different gendersCclassify consumers into smaller groupsDcreate some common shoppers terms30.It can be concluded that girls attraction to pink seems to be_.
33、A clearly explained by their inborn tendencyBfully understood by clothing manufacturersC mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmenDwell interpreted by psychological expertsText3In2010.afederaljudgeshookAmericasbiotechindustrytoitscore.CompanieshadwonpatentsforisolatedDNAfordecades-by2005some20%ofh
34、umangeneswereparented.ButinMarch2010ajudgeruledthatgeneswereunpatentable.Executiveswereviolentlyagitated.TheBiotechnologyIndustryOrganisation(BIO),atradegroup,assuredmembersthatthiswasjusta“preliminarystep”inalongerbattle.OnJuly29ththeywererelieved,atleasttemporarily.Afederalappealscourtoverturnedth
35、epriordecision,rulingthatMyriadGeneticscouldindeedholbpatentstotwogenssthathelpforecastawomansriskofbreastcancer.ThechiefexecutiveofMyriad,acompanyinUtah,saidtherulingwasablessingtofirmsandpatientsalike.Butascompaniescontinuetheirattemptsatpersonalisedmedicine,thecourtswillremainratherbusy.TheMyriad
36、caseitselfisprobablynotoverCriticsmakethreemainargumentsagainstgenepatents:ageneisaproductofnature,soitmaynotbepatented;genepatentssuppressinnovationratherthanrewardit;andpatentsmonopoliesrestrictaccesstogenetictestssuchasMyriads.Agrowingnumberseemtoagree.Lastyearafederaltask-forceurgedreformforpate
37、ntsrelatedtogenetictests.InOctobertheDepartmentofJusticefiledabriefintheMyriadcase,arguingthatanisolatedDNAmolecule“isnolessaproductofnature.thanarecottonfibresthathavebeenseparatedfromcottonseeds.”Despitetheappealscourtsdecision,bigquestionsremainunanswered.Forexample,itisunclearwhetherthesequencin
38、gofawholegenomeviolatesthepatentsofindividualgeneswithinit.ThecasemayyetreachtheSupremeCourt.AS the industry advances,however,other suits may have an even greater panies are unlikely tofile many more patents for human DNA molecules-most are already patented or in the public domain.firms arenow study
39、ing how genes intcract,looking for correlations that might be used to determine the causes of diseaseor predicta drugs efficacy,companies are eager to win patentsfor connecting the dits,expaainshanssauer,alawyer for the BIO.Their success may be determined by a suit related to this issue,brought by t
40、he Mayo Clinic,which theSupreme Court will hear in its next term.The BIO rtcently held a convention which included seddions to coachlawyers on the shifting landscape for patents.Each meeting was packed.31.it canbe learned from paragraph I that the biotech companies would like-A.their executives to b
41、e activeB.judges to rule out gene patentingC.genes to be patcntablcD.the BIO to issue a warning32.those who are against gene patents believe that-A.genetic tests are not reliableB.only man-made products are patentableC.patents on genes depend much on innovatiaonD.courts should restrict access to gen
42、e tic tests33.according to hans sauer,companies are eager to win patents for-A.establishing disease comelationsB.discovering gene interactionsC.drawing pictures of genesD.identifying human DNA34.By saying“each meeting was packed”(line4,para6)the author means that-A.the supreme court was authoritativ
43、eB.the BIO was a powerful organizationC.gene patenting was a great concernD.lawyers were keen to attend conventiongs35.generally speaking,the authors attitude toward gene patenting is-A.criticalB.supportiveC.scornfulD.objectiveText 4The great recession may be over,but this era of high joblessness is
44、 probably beginning.Before it ends,itwill likely change the life course and character of a generation of young adults.And ultimately,it is likely toreshape our politics,our culture,and the character of our society for years.No one tries harder than the jobless to find silver linings in this national
45、 economic disaster.Many said thatunemployment,while extremely painful,had improved them in some ways;they had become less materialisticand more financially prudent;they were more aware of the struggles of others.In limited respects,perhaps therecession will leave society better off.At the very least
46、,it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easyriches and bigger houses,and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending.But for the most part,these benefits seem thin,uncertain,and far off.In The Moral Consequences ofEconomic Growth,the economic historian Benjamin Friedman ar
47、gues that both inside and outside theU.S.,lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited andless inclusive,and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms.Anti-immigrantsentiment typically increases,as does conflict betwee
48、n races and classes.Income inequality usually falls during a recession,but it has not shrunk in this one,.Indeed,this period ofeconomic weakness may reinforce class divides,and decrease opportunities to cross them-especially foryoung people.The research of Till Von Wachter,the economist in Columbia
49、University,suggests that not allpeople graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed:those with degrees from elite universitiescatch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times;it is themasses beneath them that are left behind.In the in
50、ternet age,it is particularly easy to see the resentment that has always been hidden winthinAmerican society.More difficult,inthe moment,is discerning precisely how these lean times are affectingsocietys character.In many respects,the U.S.was more socially tolerant entering this resession than atany