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1、江苏专转本英语江苏专转本英语 6 6 年真题解析及年真题解析及 20212021 考点预测考点预测语法篇语法篇-定语从句定语从句2 2、定语从句、定语从句2020/which2020/which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句(2020/32)He made another wonderful discovery,_ is of great importance to science.A.whichB.whereC.in whichD.that【答案】A【解析】有逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句，which 指先行词 discovery.2020/who2020/who引导的定语从句与先行词的关系引导的
2、定语从句与先行词的关系(2020/40)Mary was the only one of the girls who _ praised in our class last week.A.isB.areC.wasD.were【答案】C【解析】Who 作定语从句的主语时，其谓语取决于先行词。但要注意：.one of the.复数名词+who/that/which+复数谓语动词；.the only one of the.复数名词+who/that/which+单数谓语动词。2019/whose2019/whose引导的定语从句引导的定语从句30.Many thanks to the whole t
3、eam and to my family,_ support has made my success possible.A.whomB.whoseC.thatD.who【答案】B.句意：非常感谢整个团队和我的家人，他们的支持使我的成功成为可能。【解析】考查定语从句。whose引导非限制性定语从句,whose support在定语从句中作主语。whose引导定语从句时，从句前的先行词可以指人，也可以指物。如:A young man from our school,whose nameI have forgotten,has gone to Scotland.This is the desk,wh
4、ose legs we have repaired.(whose legs可改为thelegs of which)。2018/2018/介词引导的定语从句介词引导的定语从句23.The person I trusted most was a friend _I had been cooperating in business for a long time.A whomB with whomC with whoD.that【答案】B.句意：我最信任的人是一个在生意上合作了很长时间的朋友。【解析】考查定语从句。介词有两种情况，一是与前面被修饰的名词有关，一是与从句中的动词构成动词短语，此句属于第
5、二种。=The person I trusted most was a friend whom I had been cooperating with inbusiness for a long time.2018/2018/定语从句定语从句 whichwhich指逗号前面的整体内容指逗号前面的整体内容28.The employee turned a deaf ear to what the boss said,_annoyed the boss very much.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how【答案】A.句意：雇员对老板的话充耳不闻，这使老板非常恼火。【解析】定语从句的关
6、系代词只有which 可以在非限制性定语从句中指代前面整件事情。2017/2017/介词介词+which-+which-定语从句（定语从句（=关系副词）关系副词）21.I had supper with my friends yesterday afternoon,_ we went to attend a party.A.after whenB.after whichC.after thatD.after it【答案】B.考核：非限制定语从句which，此题在专转本英语中常考，有时候直接which，有时候介词+which.2017/2017/定语从句定语从句 whichwhich指逗号前面的
7、整体内容指逗号前面的整体内容40.The team overcame all the difficulties and completed the task three weeks ahead of time，_ issomething we had not expected.A.itB.whichC.thatD.what【答案】B.解析：非限制性定语从句 which 代指整个句子，这里 which 也是代表前面整个句子！2016/2016/定语从句（介词提前）定语从句（介词提前）38.It is important to provide an environment _ employees
8、are encouraged to make suggestions at alllevels of the company.A.from whichB.in thatC.in whichD.what【答案】C【考点】定语从句【解析】in which=in the environment 关系代词=先行词类似习题：He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept.A.whereB.on whichC.underD.which【答案】A.这里是一个定语从句，先行词 the drawer 表示的是地点，所以用 where 引导的定语从句
9、，它在从句中作地点状语，on which 及 under which 有时也等于 where，但是在这里强调的是东西被锁在了抽屉里。2015/2015/定语从句定语从句 whichwhich指逗号前面的整体内容指逗号前面的整体内容28.My son seemed not to have understood what I meant,_really upset me.A.thatB.itC.whatD.which【答案】D【考点】非限定性定语从句【句意】儿子看起来并不理解我的意思，这让我非常恼火。【解析】which 引导非限定性定语从句，指代前面整句话。what 不能引导定语从句。关系代词关系
10、代词 asas 与与 whichwhich 的区别的区别主要区别：1.限制性定语从句中的区别；2.非限制性定语从句中的区别。列表如下：定语从句定语从句区别区别例句例句限制性定语名词前有 such 和 the same 修饰时，关系代He is not such a fool as he looks.Dont read such books as you cant从句中词用 as,不能用 whichunderstand.as 和 which 都可以指代前面整个主句。如果They won the game,as we had expected.非限制性定有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，Th
11、ey won the game,which we hadntexpected.语从句中也可以放在后面，那么用 as；而 which 引导As is well known,he is a famous film star的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。in the 1980s.近近 6 6 年真题定语从句考点解析及年真题定语从句考点解析及 20212021 考点预测：考点预测：近近 6 6 年定语从句结构类型比较少，年定语从句结构类型比较少，特别是特别是 15-1815-18 年的考点单一，年的考点单一，20192019 年有所改变年有所改变（关系代词（关系代词 whosewhose表示
12、先行词与从句主语的所属关系），表示先行词与从句主语的所属关系），20202020 年又回复到以前的高频考点。年又回复到以前的高频考点。20212021 年定语从句需注意以年定语从句需注意以下重点内容：下重点内容：*1*1、关系副词（、关系副词（=介词介词+关系代词）。关系代词）。*2*2、关系代词、关系代词 asas，一定注意要翻译成，一定注意要翻译成“正如正如;就像就像一样一样”。*3*3、关系代词、关系代词 whosewhose 表示先行词与从句主语的所属关系。表示先行词与从句主语的所属关系。*4*4、关系代词、关系代词 thatthat 的用法（特殊结构中的特殊用法）。的用法（特殊结构中
13、的特殊用法）。5 5、带有、带有 ofof 介词短语的关系代词。介词短语的关系代词。,both/neither/none of which(whom),both/neither/none of which(whom)转本英语语法专题转本英语语法专题 0202定语从句定语从句一、定义在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。二、结构常用关系词：that,which,who,whose,as,where,when,why1that指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)The student that won the first prize is our monitor.2which 指
14、物，在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)These are the trees which were planted last year.Is this the library(which)you borrow books from?3who 指人，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)The man who visited our school yesterday is Mr Brown.He is the man who I want to work with.*4*4 whosewhose 指人或物，作定语，表示指人或物，作定语，表示“的的”，可转换为，可转换为“of“of关系代词关系代词”。20
15、192019 真题重点考。真题重点考。Miss Wang is taking care of the childwhose parentswhose parentshave gone to Beijing.I saw some trees whose leaves whose leaves were black.5注意 that 和 which的区别*(1)*(1)先行词为不定代词先行词为不定代词 everythingeverything，littlelittle，muchmuch，allall，anythinganything，nothing,something,no,some,any,no
16、thing,something,no,some,any,few,onefew,one 等时，关系代词只能用等时，关系代词只能用 thatthat。2010-20142010-2014真题重点考真题重点考We are willing to do anything that is good to the people.(2)先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时，用 that。This is the best book(that)Ive ever read.(3)先行词被序数词或者 the only(唯一的)，the very(正是那个)，the last修饰时，用 that。The first book
17、that I read last night was an English novel.(4)(4)如果有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，定语从句的关系代词只能用如果有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，定语从句的关系代词只能用 thatthat。We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about.(5)以疑问词(who,which,what)开头的疑问句，为避免重复，用 that。Which is the book that you borrowed from the lib
18、rary?*(6)(6)关系代词放在介词之后，指物时只能用关系代词放在介词之后，指物时只能用 whichwhich，不能用，不能用 thatthat。This is the factory in which we once worked.(7)非限制性定语从句中，指代物或一种情况时，用 which，不能用 that。This is the book,which is written by Lu Xun.The baby was ill,which made the mother very worried.*6*6 关系副词关系副词 whenwhen 引导定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词，引导定语从
19、句修饰表示时间的先行词，在定语从句中充当时间状语。近年未在定语从句中充当时间状语。近年未考，特别注意。（介词考，特别注意。（介词+which+which 是是 15-1915-19年高频考点）年高频考点）Next month,when youll spend your summer holidays in your hometown,is approaching.(=in which)*7*7关系副词关系副词 wherewhere 引导定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词，引导定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词，在定语从句中充当地点状语。在定语从句中充当地点状语。She is going to live i
20、n Macao,where she has some close friends.(=in which)（介词（介词+which+which 是是 15-1915-19 年高频考点）年高频考点）*8*8关系副词关系副词 whywhy 引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词 reason,reason,在定语从句中充当原因状语。在定语从句中充当原因状语。He didnt tell me the reason why he was so upset.the reason why he was so upset.（介词（介词+which+which 是是 15-1915-19 年高
21、频考点）年高频考点）转本预测转本预测限制性定语从句限制性定语从句(介词介词which/whom)which/whom)“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句中较复杂的一种，是我们学习定语从句的重点，也是转本的常考点。这类定语从句的关系代词主要有 which 和 whom。先行词是物时，用介词 which；是人时，用介词 whom。介词后面的关系代词不能省略。1 1注意介词的选取：注意介词的选取：*(1)(1)根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。I called him by the wrong name,for whichfor which I s
22、hould apologize.Who is the man with whomwith whom you just shook hands?*(2)(2)根据定语从句意思的需要，不但要注意其前的搭配也要注意其后的搭配。根据定语从句意思的需要，不但要注意其前的搭配也要注意其后的搭配。We depend on the land from which from which we get our food.Do you remember the day on whichon which you joined our club?(3)(3)根据意思也可用复杂介词，如：根据意思也可用复杂介词，如：by
23、means ofby means of，as a result ofas a result of，in front ofin front of，in the back ofin the back of，all ofall of，most ofmost of，none ofnone of，the taller ofthe taller of 等。等。He lived in a big house,in front of in front of which stood a big tall tree.There are forty students in the classroom,all of
24、whomall of whom are working hard at a difficult problem inmathematics.2注意代词的选取：在在“介词关系代词介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中，如果关系代词指代事物就用引导的定语从句中，如果关系代词指代事物就用 whichwhich；如果指代人则用；如果指代人则用whomwhom。This is the reason for which he was put in prison.Tom has three brothers,one of whom is a singer.*3*3注意关系代词的可替换性：注意关系代词的可替换性：充当
25、时间、充当时间、地点或原因状语的地点或原因状语的“介词关系代词介词关系代词”结构可以同关系副词结构可以同关系副词 whenwhen、wherewhere 和和 whywhy 互换。互换。This is the factory in which I once worked.(in which(in which 可可 wherewhere 替换替换)I have forgotten the exact date on which this country became independent.(on which 可 when 替换)4 4“复合介词短语关系代词复合介词短语关系代词 which/wh
26、om”which/whom”引导的定语从句作地点状语，表示存在关系，定语从句引导的定语从句作地点状语，表示存在关系，定语从句主谓常需倒装。主谓常需倒装。They arrived at a small house,in front of which sat a small boy.I saw a man,on the head of whom stood a bird.6 6名词名词 of whichof which，或者，或者 of whichof which 名词，代替名词，代替 whosewhose 名词，在定语从句中作定语。名词，在定语从句中作定语。Recently I bought a
27、n ancient Chinese vase,the price of which(=whose price)(=whose price)was very reasonable.定语从句专练定语从句专练1.The engineer _ my father is talking has just come from abroad.A.with whomB.with whoC.with whichD.that2.The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works _are known to us.A.whichB.thatC.as
28、D.who3.I have seen trees,_ open at sunrise and close at sunset.A.which the leavesB.of which the leavesC.whose leavesD.its leaves4.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which5.These days _ we spent together cannot be easily f
29、orgotten.A.thatB.whenC.on whichD.at which6.My father bought me several books,but _ was interesting.A.most of themB.none of themC.none of whichD.neither of which7.Great changes have taken place in the small town,_ the famous writer spent his childhood.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.in the town8.Dont trust such
30、 men _ praise you to your face.A.asB.whoC.thatD.which9.Ive bought the same kind of electric fan _ you bought last time.A.whichB.thatC./D.as10.Hes from Shanghai,_ population is the largest of all cities in China.A.whoseB.itsC.whichD.that11.The exact yearAngela and her family spent together in China w
31、as 2008.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.which12.Students should involve themselves in community activitiesthey can gain experience for growth.A.for whoB.whenC.in whichD.at which13.I am looking forward to the daymy daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.A.whichB.whyC.whenD.where14.A company _pr
32、ofits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.A.whichB.whoseC.whoD.why15.English is a language shared by several cultures,_ uses it differently.A.all of whichB.each of whichC.all of themD.each of them16More public kindergartens _ preschool kids can spend their fun filled childh
33、ood will be builtthis year.Ato whichBwith whomCin whichDfrom where17Mo Yan has published dozens of novels,some of _ are very popular among Chinese readers,Red Sorghum,for example.AthoseBwhoseCwhomDwhich18The college student lost his life trying to save the drowning child,_ he will always beremembere
34、d.Ain whichBabout whichCby whichDfor which19_ is often the case with human beings,many animals sleep a lot when young,but sleep much lesswhen they get older.AWhichBWhatCAsDThat20Soon children in the camp had many new friends,_ they shared food,stories,and projects.Afor whichBwith whomCof whichDto wh
35、om21_ is shown in the report,teenager problems are often connected with family life educationAWhichBAsCItDWhat22As a single mother of three children,she has very little time _ she can spare to develop her owninterest.AwhenBthatCwhichDwhat23 Im told that is a free website _ learners cannot just learn
36、 variouslanguages but also chat online.AwhereBwhichCthatDwhat定语从句专练答案：定语从句专练答案：1.A原句=The engineerThe engineer has just come from abroad.My father is talking withwith the engineer.the engineer.2.B 既有人又有物用 that3.C 原句=I have seen trees.The trees leaves open at sunrise and close at sunset.4.D 原句=He paid
37、 the boy$10 for washing ten windows.Most of the windowsthe windows hadnt been cleaned for atleast a year.5.B 原句=These days cannot be easily forgotten.In these daysthese days(when)we spent together.6.C 原句=My father bought me several books.But none of the booksthe books was interesting.7.A 原句=Great ch
38、anges have taken place in the small town.In the small townthe small town(where)the famous writerspent his childhood.8.A such as 固定结构9.D the same as 固定结构10.原句=Hes from Shanghai.ShanghaisShanghais (whose)population is the largest of all cities in China.11.D 定语从句，先行词是 the exact year，定语从句中的动词 spent 是及物动
39、词，后面缺少宾语，所以用关系代词 that 或 which 引导定语从句，而不能用关系副词。12.D 定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词 where，所以选 D。句意：学生应该参加社团活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验.13.C 句中的先行词为 the day，在从句 my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.作时间状语，故用关系副词 when。句意：我正盼望我女儿能够阅读并知道我对她的感情的那一天。14.C when 是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。15.B 英语是一种被几个不同的
40、文化共享的语言，每种语言都有不同的用法。逗号后面是非限制性定语从句，所以排除C、D 选项；A.all of which 中的 all 强调整体，谓语用复数形式；B.each of which则强调个体，谓语用单数形式。非限制性定语从句中的谓语动词是 uses,是动词的单三形式。16.C 此处 in which=where17.D 句意：莫言已经出了几十本书，其中一些小说在中国读者间非常受欢迎，比如权红高粱。which 引导非限制性定语从句，在句中作为 of 的宾语，相当于 whose=of which.18.D 因为这件事（which）故用介词 for19.C 句义：和人类一样，很多动物在年幼睡觉时间多，长大以后就睡得少了。引导非限制性定语从句时候，as 可以放在句首，或者主语之后，which 不放在句首，BD 两项不能指代全局。故 C 正确。20.B share with21.B 就像一样 as22.B 考察定语从句。从句中 spare 缺少宾语，所以使用关系代词，先行词被 little 修饰，所以不使用which 而选 that。故 B 正确。23.A 先行词是 website 从句中缺少状语。