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1、兰 州 大 学 临 床 医 学 院 教 案The curriculum of Lanzhou University Clinical Medicine课程名称 外科学Course name:考核方式_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Assessment methods:任 课 单 位 兰州大学第二医院Instructors units:任课教师 王 志 平 教 授Classroom teachers:授课年级_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Medium grade:授课时间_
2、_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Medium time:章 节Chapters第 一 章 绪 论Introduction授课时数Teaching hours2学时教学目的与要求Purpose andrequirementsof teaching1、了解外科学的范畴，外科学发展简史。Understanding the scope and the history of surgery.2、怎样学习外科How to learn surgery教学重点与难点Teaching focusand difficulties1、外科学的来源及发展。The source and the development o
3、f surgery2、外科学研究的五大内容：损伤，感染，肿瘤，畸形，其他(肠梗阻，门脉高压，甲亢等)百年来未变，但目前研究手段大为先进，可能取得突破，创新性进展。The five elements of surgical research:injury,infection,tumorz malformation and others(obstruction,portalhypertension,hyperthyroidism,etc.)over the past 100years has not changed,but as the greatly advanced meansof prese
4、nt study,which could achieve breakthroughs andinnovative progress3、外科学发展简史，重点介绍近代突破手术疼痛，感染，抗菌，失血问题Brief history of surgical development,focus recentbreakthroughs in surgical pain,infection,virus,hemorrhagic problems4、我国外科学成就及新进展The achievements and progress of our country.5、怎样学习外科学How to learn surge
5、ry.一切为病人着想，在为病人服务中学习For the sake of all the patients r learning in the servicesfor patients.学习和处理服务与学习、目的与手段、局部与整体的关系Learn and handle the relations of services and learning,purpose and means,partial and overall 培养时间观念，集体观念，无菌观念Calculate the concept of time,collective and asepsis.重视基础理论、基本知识，基本技能。Att
6、ach to basic theory,basic knowledge and basic skills 加强自学能力，理论联系实际能力，动手能力Strengthen self-learning ability,the ability to integratetheory with practicalt hands capacity教学内容与时间分配Teaching contentand timedistribution外科学的来源及发展，外科学发展简史，重点介绍近代突破,我国外科学成就及新进展,怎样学习外科学.The source and the development of surgery
7、A Brief historyof surgical development,focus recent breakthroughs insurgicalThe achievements and progress of our country.How to learnsurgery.一节课4 5 分钟One lesson fouty-five minutes教学方法教具使用Teaching methodsTeaching aids1.大课与自学相结合，利用多媒体形式(包括幻灯、录像等)进行授课，可极大的调动学习积极性，同忖有利于对教学内容的理解。The combination of the se
8、lf-study and the lesson,using multimedia format(including slides,video,etc)for the lectures which may mobilize active learningand understand teaching content.2.鼓励学生们通过电子邮件对所学内容进行讨论。Encouraging students to discuss the content of questions through e-mail.使用教材、参考书及常用网址Materials,reference booksand popul
9、ar websitesL 外 科 学(第 6 版)人民卫生出版社。Surgery(version 6)Peoples Health Publishing House.2.吴阶平主编 泌尿外科学 山东科技出版社，1993年出版。Wu jieping editor-in-chief of urology*Shandong Technology Press,published in1993.3.梅骅主编 泌尿外科手术学人民卫生出版社，第 2 版。Mei hua editor-in-chief Surgical urologyM(version 2)Peoples Health PublishingH
10、ouse.4.临床泌尿外科杂志，h ttp：/oClinical Journal of Urology,http：/.5.中华泌尿外科杂志，h ttp：/oChina Journal of Urology,http：/.6.科学出版社出版 外科学 中国科学院教材建设专家委员会规划教材医学英文原版改编双语教材 Original Editors Lawrence W.Way GerardM.Doherty Chief Editorof Adaptation Edition ChenXiaoping(陈孝平)7.北 京 大 学 医 学 出 版 社 Surgery 1 英 文 原 版 教 材MICHA
11、EL.LAVELLE-JONES8.北京大学医学出版社 Surgery 2英文原版教材JOHN A.DENT布置作业或思考题Assignments怎样学习外科学How to learn surgery.or questions自学内容Self-learningcontents 学习和处理服务与学习、目的与手段、局部与整体的关系Learn and handle the relations of services and learning,purpose and means,partial and overall见习内容Probationarycontents兰 州 大 学 临 床 医 学 院 教
12、 案The curriculum of Lanzhou University Clinical Medicine课程名称 外科学Course name:考核方式_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Assessment methods:任 课 单 位 兰州大学第二医院Instructors units:任 课 教 师 王 志 平 教 授 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Classroom teachers:授课年级_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
13、_ _Medium grade:授课时间_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Medium time:章 节Chapters第二章 无菌术 Asepsis授课时数Teaching hours2 学时教学目的与要求Purpose andrequirementsof teaching1、树立无菌概念Establish the concept of sterile2、掌握无菌术及灭菌、消毒三概念Master the three concepts of asepsis r sterilization anddisinfection3、熟悉外科手术所应包括的无菌术内容Familiar with
14、the contents of asepsis in surgery4、掌握手术人员洗手、穿无菌手术衣和戴手套方法Master the way of washing hands,wearing clothes andsterile surgical gloves for surgical staff.5、学会对病人手术区域的皮肤(粘膜)消毒和铺无菌巾Learn the disinfection of regional institute of skin forsurgery patients(mucosa)and covering sterile towel6、掌握手术进行中的无菌原则Gras
15、p the principles of asepsis during Surgery.7、了解手术室的管理 Understanding the operating room manag教学重点与难八占、Teaching focusand difficulties1、树立无菌概念Establish the concept of sterile2、掌握无菌术及灭菌、消毒三概念Master the three concepts of asepsis z sterilization anddisinfection3、熟悉外科手术所应包括的无菌术内容Familiar with the contents
16、of asepsis in surgery4、掌握手术人员洗手、穿无菌手术衣和戴手套方法Master the way of washing hands,wearing clothes andsterile surgical gloves for surgical staff.5、学会对病人手术区域的皮肤(粘膜)消毒和铺无菌巾Learn the disinfection of regional institute of skin forsurgery patients(mucosa)and covering sterile towel6、掌握手术进行中的无菌原则Grasp the princip
17、les of asepsis during Surgery.7、了解手术室的管理Under stan peratingroom m教学内容与时间分配Teaching content and timedistributionl(lOminutes)2(15 minutes)3(30 minutes)4(20 minutes)5(20 minutes)6(30minutes)7(10 minutes)教学方法教具使用Teaching methodsTeaching aids1.大课与自学相结合，利用多媒体形式(包括幻灯、录像等)进行授课，可极大的调动学习积极性，同时有利于对教学内容的理解。The
18、combination of the self-study and the lesson,using multimedia format(including slides,video,etc)for the lectures which may mobilize activelearning and understand teaching content.2.鼓励学生们通过电子邮件对所学内容进行讨论。Encouraging students to discuss the content of questions through e-maiL使用教材、参考书及常用网址 Materials,ref
19、erencebooks and popular websitesL 外 科 学（第 6 版）人民卫生出版社。Surgery（version 6）Peoples Health Publishing House.2.科 学 出 版 社 出 版 外科学 中国科学院教材建设专家委员会规划教材 医 学 英 文 原 版 改 编 双 语 教 材 Original Editors Lawrence W.WayGerardM.Doherty Chief Editorof Adaptation Edition ChenXiaoping（陈孝平）3.北 京 大 学 医 学 出 版 社 Surgery 1 英 文 原
20、 版 教 材MICHAEL.LAVELLE-JONES4.北京大学医学出版社Surgery 2英文原版教材JOHN A.DENT布置作业或思考题Assignmentsor questions无菌术概念，无菌术在临床医学，尤其在外科领域中的重要性。The concept of asepsis,aseptic operation in clinicalmedicine,particularly in the area of the importance ofsurgery自学内容Self-learning contents手术器械、物品的灭菌与消毒方法。The surgical instrumen
21、ts,methods of sterilization anddisinfection goods见习内容Probationary contents1、手臂的刷洗与消毒：重点介绍肥皂水刷手和碘伏涂擦消毒法，同时附带介绍传统的消毒液(如新洁尔灭、酒精)泡手消毒法和氨水洗手法。Arms brushing and disinfection:to highlight thedisinfection act of soap and iodophor brushing hand,while to fringe on the traditional disinfection liquid(such as b
22、romogeramine,alcohol)foaming handdisinfection method and washing hands of ammonia2、无菌手术衣和戴无菌手套：重点介绍戴干手套法。Wearing Sterile surgical clothing and sterile gloves:focusing on wearing dry gloves method3：病人手术区域的皮肤(粘膜)消毒与铺巾Disinfection of regional skin surgery patients(mucosa)and covering towel兰 州 大 学 临 床 医
23、 学 院 教 案The curriculum of Lanzhou University Clinical Medicine课程名称 外科学Course name:考核方式_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Assessment methods:任 课 单 位 兰州大学第二医院Instructors units:任课教师 岳中瑾教授Classroom teachers:授课年级_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Medium grade:授课时间_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Medium time:在一 T+早
24、 下ChaptersChapter 3 surgical shock授课时数Teaching hours2 学时教学目的与要求Purpose andrequirementsof teaching1、熟悉休克的微循环及代谢变化，内脏器官的继发性损害familiar with the changes of microcirculation andmetabolism and the secondary damage of visceral organ ofShock2、了解休克的分类Understand the classification of shock:hypovolemic shock,s
25、eptic shock,Cardiogenic shock,Neural shock,Anaphylactic shock3、熟练掌握外科休克的临床表现，休克的监测指标及意义Master the clinical performance of surgical shock,themonitoring indicators and its significance4、掌握抗休克的一般急救措施、治疗要点，血容量的补充和维持。血管活性药物的应用Grasp the general first aid,treatment points of anti-shockand the supplementary
26、 and maintaining of blood volume,theapplication of vasoactive drug5、低血容量性休克、感染性休克临床诊治要点The clinical diagnosis and treatment points of hypovolemicshock and septic shock教学重点与难点Teaching focusand difficulties1、熟悉休克的微循环及代谢变化，内脏器官的继发性损害familiar with the changes of microcirculation andmetabolism and the se
27、condary damage of visceral organ ofShock2、了解休克的分类Understand the classification of shock:hypovolemic shock,septic shock,Cardiogenic shock,Neural shock,Anaphylactic shock3、熟练掌握外科休克的临床表现，休克的监测指标及意义Master the clinical performance of surgical shock,themonitoring indicators and its significance4、掌握抗休克的一般急
28、救措施、治疗要点，血容量的补充和维持。血管活性药物的应用Grasp the general first aid,treatment points of anti-shockand the supplementary and maintaining of blood volume,theapplication of vasoactive drug5、低血容量性休克、感染性休克临床诊治要点The clinical diagnosis and treatment points of hypovolemicshock and septic shock教学内容与时间分配Teaching contenta
29、nd timedistributionl(35minutes)2(15 minutes)3(30 minutes)4(30 minutes)5(40 minutes)教学方法教具使用1.大课与自学相结合，利用多媒体形式（包括幻灯、录像等）进行授课，可极大的调动学习积极性，同时有利于对教学内容的理解。Teaching methodsTeaching aidsThe combination of the self-study and the lesson,using multimedia format(including slides,video,etc)for the lectures whic
30、h may mobilize active learningand understand teaching content.2.鼓励学生们通过电子邮件对所学内容进行讨论。Encouraging students to discuss the content of questions through e-mail.使 用 教 材、参考书及常用网址Materials,reference booksand popular websites1.外 科 学（第 6 版）人民卫生出版社。Surgery（version 6）Peoples Health Publishing House.2.科学出版社出版
31、外科学 中国科学院教材建设专家委员会规划教材医学英文原版改编双语教材 Original Editors Lawrence W.Way GerardM.Doherty Chief Editorof Adaptation Edition ChenXiaoping（陈孝平）3.北京 大 学 医 学 出 版 社 Surgery 1 英 文 原 版 教 材MICHAEL.LAVELLE-JONES4.北京大学医学出版社 Surgery 2英文原版教材JOHN A.DENT布置作业或思考题Assignmentsor questions休克的病理生理变化即微循环及代谢的变化以及继发性内脏器官的损害。th e
32、 p a th o p h y sio lo g ic a l changes o f sh o ck(in th em ic ro c irc u la tio n and m etab o lic changes)and secondarydamage to in te rn a l organs自学内容Self-learningcontents重要活性药物的选用及皮质激素的应用th e im portance of drug use and th e a p p lic a tio n ofg lu c o c o rtic o id.见习内容Probationarycontents抗休
33、克的一般急救措施、治疗要点，血容量的补充和维持。血管活性药物的应用tre a tm e n t p o in ts of a n ti-sh o c k and th e supplem entary andm ain ta in in g of blood volum e,th e a p p lic a tio n of v a so a c tiv edrug兰 州 大 学 临 床 医 学 院 教 案The curriculum of Lanzhou University Clinical Medicine课程名称_ _ _ _ _Course name:外科学考核方式_ _ _ _ _
34、 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Assessment methods:任课单位 兰州大学第二医院Instructors units:任课教师 王 志 平 教 授Classroom teachers:授课年级_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Medium grade:授课时间_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Medium time:在一 TT一早 PChapterschapter 4 外科病人体液失调 S u rg ic a l p a tie n ts hum oralim balance授
35、课时数Teaching hours4 学时教学目的与要求Purpose andrequirementsof teaching1、了解水、电解质及酸碱平衡在外科的重要性Understand the importance of the water,electrolyte andacid-base balance in surgery2、掌握功能性、非功能性细胞外液等几个基本概念Master the several basic concepts of functional,non-functional extracellular3、熟悉机体自身对体液平衡及酸磴平衡的调节机制及重要性Familiar
36、with the importance and the regulatory mechanismof the body fluid balance and acid-base balance4、掌握临床几种缺水的特点、缺水程度的判断及治疗原则(包括经验治疗和公式计算治疗方法)Master the clinical characteristics of the water shortage,the judgment of water shortage degree and the treatmentprinciples(including the experience of treatment
37、andtreatment calculated)5、掌握低钾血症的发生原因、临床表现及静脉补钾的基本原则。熟悉高钾血症的紧急处理方法Master the causes of hypokalemia,clinical manifestationsand the basic principles of intravenous potassium addition.Familiar with the emergency treatment of Hyperkalemia6、了解低钙血症的神经肌肉兴奋性的表现形式及处理方法Understand the manifestations of neuromu
38、scularexcitability in hypocalcemia and its treatment methods7、熟练掌握代谢性酸中毒的发生机理、临床特点、诊断要点、治疗原则补碱公式的灵活应用及注意事项Mastering the mechanism of metabolic acidosis and itsclinical characteristics,diagnosis,treatment principlesof the flexible formula-base application and attention8、了解代谢性碱中毒、呼吸性酸中毒、呼吸性碱中毒病因、临床表现、
39、处理要点Understand the causes,clinical manifestations andtreatment points of metabolic alkalosis,respiratoryacidosis,respiratory alkalos教学重点与难点Teaching focusand difficulties1、用归纳图表的方式简略讲解功能性、非功能性细胞外液等几个基本概念。休液平衡、酸碱平衡的维持及调节。Using summarized charts,lecture functional,non-functional extracellular and other
40、 several basicconcepts briefly and the maintenance and regulation fluidbalance,acid-base balance in.2、着重讲解等渗性脱水对血容量的影响，低渗性缺水不同程度的临床表现和几种补钠方式的应用，以及高渗性缺水的临床判断方法。列出几种缺水程度的比较表。Focus on lecturing the the impact of iso-osmoticdehydration on blood volume,the clinical manifestationsand application of sodium
41、 addition forms of differentlevels of hypotonic dehydration and the clinical judgmentmethod of hyperosmolar dehydration.List severalcomparison tables of dehydration3、详细讲解低钾血症几种主要临床表现，纠正低钾血症的方法，静脉补钾的原则。Lecture the several major clinical manifestations ofhypokalemia,the way of correcting hypokalemia,t
42、heprinciple of intravenous potassium addition.4、强调高钾血症的危险性，将高钾血症的紧急处理条理化，使其简单明了，便于讲解和记忆。Emphasize the risk of hyperkalemia,and make the urgenttreatment clear presentation and simple to understand,soas to explain and memory5、以代谢性酸中毒为主线，将酸碱平衡公式与临床酸碱失衡的实际情况联系起来讲授。讲清代谢性酸中毒临床特点，并以实例演示和讲解补碱计算公式和经验公式的灵活应用，
43、列出注意事项。Take the metabolic acidosis for a main line,lecture theacid-base balance formula linked to the actual situationof clinical acid-base balance.Clarify the clinicalfeatures of metabolic acidosis,and give an example todemonstrate and explain the flexible application of fillingbase formula and emp
44、irical formula,list attention.6.简明扼要提出水、电解质、酸碱失衡临床综合处理原则。Briefly put out the principle of integrated clinicaltreatment of fluid,electrolyte and acid-base balance.教学内容与时间分配Teaching contentand timedistribution1(15 minutes)2(15 minutes)3(20 minutes)4(30 minutes)5(25 minutes)6(10minutes)7(30 minutes)8(2
45、0 minutes)教学方法教具使用Teaching methodsTeaching aids整个课程采用多媒体方法，配以必要的图片一。The whole curriculum use multimedia,which has necessarypictures.使用教材、参考书1.外 科 学（第 6 版）人民卫生出版社。及常用网址Materials,reference booksand popular websitesSurgery(version 6)Peoples Health Publishing House.2.科学出版社出版 外科学 中国科学院教材建设专家委员会规划教材医学英文原版
46、改编双语教材 Original Editors Lawrence W.Way GerardM.Doherty Chief Editorof Adaptation Edition ChenXiaoping(陈孝平)3.北京 大 学 医 学 出 版 社 Surgery 1 英 文 原 版 教 材MICHAEL.LAVELLE-JONES4.北京大学医学出版社 Surgery 2英文原版教材JOHN A.DENT布置作业或思考题Assignmentsor questions简明扼要提出水、电解质、酸碱失衡临床综合处理原则。Briefly put out the principle of integr
47、ated clinicaltreatment of fluid,electrolyte and acid-base balance.自学内容Self-learningcontents镁、磷的异常Mg.Ps abnormal见习内容Probationarycontents举出一个实例，如腹膜炎，肠梗阻等，说明正确认识和处理水电解质平衡的重要性及复杂性。Cite an example,such as peritonitis,intestinalobstruction,which can explain the importance andcomplexity of correct understa
48、nding and handling of thewater and electrolyte balance.兰 州 大 学 临 床 医 学 院 教 案The curriculum of Lanzhou University Clinical Medicine课程名称 外科学_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Course name:考核方式_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Assessment methods:任 课 单 位 兰州大学第二医院Instructors units:任 课 教 师 岳 中 瑾 教 授Classroo
49、m teachers:授课年级_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Medium grade:授课时间_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Medium time:章 节Chapterschapter 5 多脏器功能不全综合症 Multiple organ dysfunctionsyndrome授课时数Teaching hours4 学时教学目的与要求Purpose andrequirementsof teaching多脏器功能不全综合症(MODS)概念the concept multiple organ dysfunction sy
50、ndrome(MODS)1、了解多脏器功能不全综合症的概念Understand the concept multiple organ dysfunctionsyndrome2、熟悉多脏器功能不全综合症的发病基础Familiar with the pathogenesis basis of multiple organdysfunction syndrome3、重点了解多脏器功能不全综合症的诊断指标Focus on understanding the diagnosis of multiple organdysfunction syndrome4、了解多脏器功能不全综合症的发病机制Underst