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1、高三英语一轮学问点回来课本总复习Book 1 Unit 1-3 词汇与短语：1. hunt for 搜寻, 追寻 2. care about 担忧, 关切3. such as 例如4. drop sb. a line 给某人写信5. be fond of 喜爱6. in order to 为了7. all the time 始终8. argue with sb. about sth. 同某人争论某 事9. all alone 单独 10. develop a friendship with sb. 和某人建立友情11. even though 即使, 尽管12. treat as 把当作13.
2、 surf the Internet 上网冲浪14. on a flight 在飞行中15. too much太多16. should have done 本应当做某事17. be into sth./ doing sth. 喜爱18. be quick in/ at 在某方面灵敏19. make oneself at home 别客气20. in total 总共21. except for 除了之外22. stay up 熬夜23. come about 发生24. end up with以告终25. bring in 引进，引来26. a great many 很多27. all the
3、 way 一路上，从头至尾28. communicate with 与沟通29. have a good knowledge of 理解，驾驭30. with 复合构造31. compare with 把和进展比较32. share happiness and sorrow 同甘共苦33. It be + 被强调部分 + that/ who + 其 他成分34. stay the same 保持不变35. more or less 或多或少36. consider doing/sb. to do/ sb,. (to be)37. get away from 逃离38. watch out 留意
4、，注意39. instead of 代替40. go off 分开41. protect from 爱护，保卫42. for fun 好玩学问点归纳：1argue (vi.vt.): express an opposite opinion；exchange angry words；quarrel 争论，争论 常用于以下句型： argue with sb. about/ over sth 同某人争论某事 argue that用辩论证明 argue sb. to be 说明，证明 argue for/ against 为/为反对 而辩论 例句： The couple next door are a
5、lways arguing. 隔壁夫妇总是争吵 We argued with each other about the justice of the war. 我们就这场斗争是否正值绽开了争论 Mr.Smith argued that he should be paid more. 史密斯先生据理力争他应得到更多工薪 The way he spends money argues him to be rich. 他花钱方式说明他很富有 His accent argues him to be a southerner. 他腔调说明他是个南方人 He argues that the experime
6、nt could be done in another way. 他论证说这项试验可以换一种方法进展 The workers argued for the right to strike. 工人们为争取罢工权利而辩论 * argument (n.) 争论，论据，论点 They got into quite a heated argument. 他们争论到达了白热化。 We couldnt follow his argument. 我们不理解他论点。2too much 具有形容词、副词和代词功能，在句中可作定语、表语、状语、主语或宾语，表示“太多、过分、好极意思 But too much sno
7、w can cause trouble. 但是雪太大可能引起费事(too much为形容词，作定语) She is afraid the trip will be too much for me. 她认为这次旅行对我来说强人所难(too much为形容词，作表语) She does not talk too much. 她谈得不太多too much为副词，作状语 Too much has been said about it. 关于这事讲得太多了(too much为代词，作主语) 辨析：much too “太，中心词是副词too，用来修饰形容词和副词，在句中作状语 These shoes ar
8、e much too narrow for me. 这双鞋我穿实在太窄了 You are much too thin to play the part of Falstaff. 你太瘦了，不能演福尔塔夫这个角色 高考题例： Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home.(NMET2003) A. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much 分析： heavy为形容词，故应用much too修饰 答案：A
9、3. in order to do sth. so as to do sth to do sth 它们都可作目状语，其区分如下： * 这三种不定式作目状语，在意义上并无多大差异，相比而言，to do 比较普遍，后两种在语气上稍重些，而so as to do 比较口语化，in order to do那么比较正式 * 为了加强语势，突出目，可将to do 或in order to do放在句首。 注：so as to do 不能放在全句前面，它只能后置 China is paying more and more attention to education in order to/so as to
10、/to catch up with advanced countries in science and technology. 中国对教化越来越重视，为是科技上赶上兴盛国家 In order to find the book, he searched the whole house. 为了找到那本书,他翻遍了整个房子 To hear better, well sit in the front row. 为了听得更清晰,我们要坐在前排 * to do, in order to do 和so as to do 三种不定式作目状语时, 一般句子主语就是不定式逻辑主语, 但假如不定式逻辑主语不是句子主
11、语,常用for引出: eg. I stopped aside for her to get in. 我停下来向旁边靠了靠,让她进来 * 不定式作目状语表达否认目时,一般采纳so as not to或in order not to 这两种句式。如： We took a taxi so as not to be late. 我们是搭出租车去，以免迟到 He worked slowly in order not to make any mistake. 他工作干很慢，目是不出错 I got up early so as not to miss the first train. 我大清早起床，目是不误
12、第一班火车4. treat vt. 对待，治疗，款待 常用于以下句型： treatas 把看作 treat sb. to sth.用款待某人 treat sb. for 给某人治病 eg. Dont treat me as a child. 不要把我当成小孩对待 Why do you treat the matter as a joke 你为什么把这件事当作儿戏 Peter treated me to an ice-cream. 彼得请我吃了冰激凌 The doctors and the nurses risked their lives treating the patient for SA
13、RS. 医生和护士冒着生命危急为患者治疗非典 * 以下句型也常用来表示“把当作： look on/ upon as haveas think ofas/ to be consider as/ to be regard as eg. They look on others difficulties as their own. 他们把别人困难当成自己困难 She thinks of the monitor as the cleverest student in the class. 她认为班长是班上最聪慧学生 He always has her as his real mother. 他始终把她当
14、作自己母亲 Abraham Lincoln is considered as one of the greatest American President. 亚伯拉罕林肯被认为是美国最宏大总统之一 All the patients regard him as a good doctor. 全部病人都认为他是一名精彩医生 高考题例： More patients_ in hospital this year than last year.(2004江苏高考) A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated 分析
15、： 依据句意, “treat意思是 “治疗,而且是发生在今年,故用如今完成时态被动式 答案: D5. share vt. vi. 共享,共用,等分 share (in) sth. with sb. The children shared the cake equally. 孩子们平分了蛋糕 Ten teachers shared the office. 十名老师合用这间办公室 They would share their joys and sorrows. 他们情愿同甘共苦 Will you share your umbrella with me 你能让我和你共用雨伞吗 Ill share i
16、n the cost with you. 我情愿和你分担费用 * share n. 份额,股份,一份 If you want a share of the pay, youll have do your share of the work. 假如你想要一份酬劳,就必需做一份工作 The company was formed with 1,000 shares. 这家公司组成时有1000股 Here is your share of the cake. 这是你一份蛋糕 高考题例： Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare-you must lear
17、n to _.(NMET2000) A. support B. care C. spare D. share 分析： “as well是“也意思，据题意，是让 “Clare和“Harry两个人一起玩玩具，“share有共享、共用意思。 答案： D6. So +be/助动词/情态动词 +主语 “也如此用于确定句 Neither/Nor + be/助动词/情态动词 +主语 “ 也不 用于否认句 Im a teacher, and so is my husband. 我是个老师，我丈夫也是 He has finished his homework, and so have I. 他完成了作业，我也完
18、成。 If you go to school early tomorrow, so shall I. 假如明天你早上学，我也早去 * so/neither/nor引导此类倒装句，放在主语前面助动词、情态动词或系动词be应与前一句保持一样人称和数上作适当调整。如：例am-is；例has-have；例前一部分为if引导条件句，用一般如今时表示将来，故主句运用表示将来will/ shall。 *假如前一部分内容中没有出现助动词、情态动词或be，那么应借助于助动词do/does/did。如： You love music, and so do I. 你酷爱音乐，我也一样 He seldom drink
19、s tea. 他很少喝茶 Nor does she.她也是 * 句子中假如用否认派生词，后句运用so。如： I dislike coffee.我不喜爱咖啡 So does she.她也不喜爱 She is unmarried.她是单身 So am I.我也是单身 * 假如表示前面两件或两件以上事也合适于另一人或物时，那么需要用So it is/was with或It is/was the same with，如： Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States. So it was with Jane. 玛丽在澳大利亚
20、诞生，在美国居住。简也是。 I like English but I cant study well.我喜爱英语但学不好。 So it is with my brother. 我弟弟也是。 以上两例皆可用It is/was the same with构造 * 假如下文表示是对上文赞成或确定，那么仅需要把so 放于句首，其后用正常语序。如： She has done a good job.她干得不错 Yes, so she has.是，确不错 He came to school late yesterday.他昨天上学迟到了。 So he did.他确迟到了 It is very hot tod
21、ay.今日天气真热 So it is.是啊，确很热 高考题例： David has made great progress recently. _, and _. 1997上海高考 A. So he has，so you have B. So he has，so have you C. So has he，so have you D. So has he，so you have 分析： 此题前一空考察是对上文确定；第二个空考察同样状况也合适你。 答案：B7. survive v. 接着生存或存在；比长命；经验某事；幸存 Of the four people in the car acciden
22、t, only one survived. 在车祸中四个人中，只有一个人幸存 Many customs have survived from earlier times. 很多风俗习惯源源流长 Life is hard at the moment, but were surviving. 目前生活困难，但我们正在挣扎求生 The old lady has survived her husband. 那老妇人丈夫先她而去世了 He felt lucky to have survived the war. 经验那场斗争后能幸存下来他感到很幸运 * survivor 为名词，意为“生还者 如： Th
23、e film Titanic is based on an experience of a survivor. 电影泰坦尼克号是依据一个生还者经验而摄制 高考题例： In such dry weather the flowers will have to be watered if they _.2001上海高考 A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive 分析： be to do表示将来注定要发生。在条件状语从句中，用一般如今时表将来，故C、D都不能选。8. lie vi. lie laylain l
24、ying平躺，位于 lie lied lied lying扯谎 lay laid laid laying 产下，放置 The corpse lay face down in a pool of blood. 尸体俯卧在血泊中。 The letter lay open on his desk. 那信摊开在他书桌上 The hen laid two eggs. 母鸡产下两个鸡蛋 Korea lies to the east of China. 朝鲜位于中国东部 I laid the book on the chair. 我把书放在椅子上 There is a dog lying at his ma
25、sters feet. 主人脚旁边卧着条狗 She lied to me two days ago. 两天前，她向我撒了谎 * 习语：lie to sb.向某人扯谎 lie in ones teeth/ throat睁着眼睛说瞎话，扯弥天大谎 lie ones way into/ out of sth扯谎以求一逞或摆脱逆境 9. It be + 被强调部分 + that/ who + 其他成分 强调句型可以强调一个句子主语、宾语、表语及状语等成分。假如被强调成分是表示人词，可以用that或who(whom)连接其他成分；被强调成分是表示人以外词，例如表示事物、时间或地点词，用that连接其他成
26、分。例如我们可以用强调句型强调以下句子主语如、宾语如、地点状语如刚好间状语如 I met Peter in Japan last year. It was Iwho/that met Peter in Japan last year. It was Peterwhom/that I met in Japan last year. It was in Japan that I met Peter last year. It was last year that I met Peter in Japan. * not until 也可用于强调句型 例 Mr. Brown didnt come ba
27、ck until eleven oclock. 可变为：It was not until eleven oclock thatMr. Brown came back. 例2 The rain didnt stop until midnight. 可变为：It was not until midnight that the rain stopped. * not until也可变为特殊疑问句 例 It was in 1949 that the PRC was founded. 可变为：When was it that the PRC was founded 例2 Your dad worked
28、in this factory two years ago. 可变为：Where was it that your dad worked two years ago10. have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难其中(in) doing sth.不行改为to do sth.；其中difficulty 是不行数名词, 前面可以用some/ no/ little/ much等词修饰.Eg.We had no difficulty in finding the hospital.我们毫不费劲地找到了这所医院.Did you have any difficulty
29、in carrying the plan你们执行方案有苦难吗 She has little difficulty in learning maths.她学习数学几乎没什么困难 I had much difficulty in talking with the foreigner. 我用英语同老外交谈很费劲还可用以下句型表达 “做某事有困难：have trouble (in) doing sth.There be difficulty in doing sth.do sth. with/ without difficulty There is some difficulty in teachin
30、g pupils Japanese.教小学生日语有困难He had a little difficulty in solving the problem.解决这个问题，他有一点困难Tom climbed the tree without difficulty.汤姆毫不费劲地爬上了树注：当difficulty指笼统概念时，即“困难、费劲为不行数名词如以上例句，当它指具体“难事、困难时用作可数名词。如：Well meet with all kinds of difficulties.我们会遇到各种困难11. bring in: introduce, harvest, get money or in
31、come引进，收获 Country music has become big business. It brings in 300 million dollars a year. 乡村音乐开展成为一项商业，每年盈利3亿美元。 They have brought in experts to advise on the project. 他们已请来专家产这项工程参谋 Farmers in the south have brought in good crops this year. 南方农夫今年收获了庄稼 Dont bring him in. Hell do nothing to help. 别把
32、他扯进来，他帮不上什么忙 They brought in some words from their own languages. 他们把自己语言中一些词语带了进来 其他相关短语： bring sth. about使某事发生 bring sth. down 降低或削减，使从空中落下 bring sth. up 培育、哺育某人，呕吐 bring and together 促使(争吵双方)和解 bring out消费出,出版 The Liberals wish to bring about changes in the electoral system. 自用党人想要变更选举制度 The pric
33、es have been brought. 价格已经下降了 Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt. 她小时侯父母就去世了,是由她姑姑养大 An enemy fighter was brought down. 一架敌机被击落了 The loss of their son brought the parents together. 双方因失去儿子而言归于好 He brought out his lunch just now. 他刚刚把吃进去午饭吐出来了 New personal compute
34、rs are brought out almost daily. 几乎每天都有个人计算机推出12. except:表示同类别事物中除去假设干,常与no,all,none,nothing,everything等包含全部词连用, 位于句首时不用except,常用except for; 它后面可接介词短语、副词、不定式以及that, when, where等引导从句(except for不能这样用)except for:指不同类别事情或性质不同事情,或表示某人/物 在总体上是好,只是其中某个细微环节或某个环节不尽人意eg.Except for Li Ming, they are all worker
35、s.除了李明之外,他们都是工人Everybody except John was able to answer the question.除了约翰之外,每个人都答复出了问题The room is empty except for a broken chair. (前后名词不同类)这个房间空空,只不过有把破椅子I know nothing about him except that he is from Japan.我对他一窍不通,只是知道他来自日本She goes to school by bike except when it rains.她骑自行车去上学,除了下雨时不骑He could d
36、o nothing except walk home.(except前假设有实义动词do,那么后面接不带to不定式)他只好走着回家了=He had no choice but to walk home.( except前假设没有实义动词do,那么后面接带to不定式)高考题例:I know nothing about the young lady _ she is from Beijing. (2000上海高考)A. except B. except forC. except that D.besides分析：except for与except that同义，但except for后不能接句子，
37、后句“she is from Beijing是一个完好陈述句，故用except that连接，that不作成分。答案：C*besides:(prep.)“除之外还有，常与also, else, other等词连用。如：Besides tennis, he also plays basketball and football.除了网球之外，他还打篮球和踢足球。I have three other dictionaries besides this one.除了这本词典，我还有三本别词典。*besides: (adv.) 此外，而且I havent time to see the film-bes
38、ides, its had dreadful reviews.我没有时间去看这部影片，再说，影评也诸多贬斥。I am too busy to go for a walk; besides, it is late.我太忙不去漫步了，而且时候已晚了。13. with复合构造 ：常在句中作状语，表示伴随动作、行为方式及缘由、条件或结果等状况。with + 宾语 +prep./adj./ adv./ doing/ to do(表示要执行动作)/done表示动作完成及被动She often sleeps with the window open. (adj.)她常常开着窗户睡觉。He came in w
39、ith a book in his hand. (prep.)他手里拿着本书进来了She felt scared with so many people looking at her. doing这么多人看着她，她感到胆怯。He was brought in with his hands tied back. (done)他双手绑在身后被带了进来With everything bought, he left the market. (done)买完了所需要东西之后，他分开了市场The king came in, with all his servants following him. (doi
40、ng)国王进来了，身后跟着全部仆人。With nothing to do, he went out for a walk .由于没有什么事情可做，他便到外面漫步He left his room with the light on. (adv.)他分开了房间，灯亮着高考题例1：With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.(2002上海高考)A. settled B. settling C. to settleD. being settled分析：因后句进展时表示将来，“新中选总