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1、绝密启封前试卷类型：A2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英 语本试卷共10页，满 分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B船笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B船笔把答题卡上对应题日选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用像皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字连钢笔或签字管作答，答案必须写在答题卡各
2、题目指定区域内相应位置上：如高改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案：不准使用船笔和涂改液不按以上要求作答的答案无效4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分 阅 读（共两节，满分50分）第 一 节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满 分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGrading Policies for Introduction to LiteratureGrading Scale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below 60,E.Essays（60%）Your four ma
3、jor essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for thiscourse:Essay 1 =10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.Group Assignments（30%）Students will work in groups to complete four assignments（作业）during thecourse.All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date throughBlackboard,our
4、 online learning and course management system.Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Test/Group Work/Homework（10%）Class activities will vary from day to day,but students must be ready to completeshort in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes fromthe previous class lecture/
5、discussion,so it is important to take careful notes duringclass.Additionally,from time to time I will assign group work to be completed inclass or short assignments to be completed at home,both of which will be graded.Late WorkAn essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade
6、for eachclass period it is late.If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date,it will earna zero.Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero.Short writingsmissed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.21.Where is this text probably taken from?A.A textbook.B.An
7、 exam paper.C.A course plan.D.An academic article.22.How many parts is a students final grade made up of?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.23.What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?A.You will receive a zero.B.You will lose a letter grade.C.You will be given a test.D.You will h
8、ave to rewrite it.答案：21.C 22.B 23.ABLike most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula（芝麻菜）was to make a nice green salad,rounding out a roast chicken dinner.But I endedup working late.Then friends called with a dinner invitation.I stuck the chicken inthe freezer.But as days
9、passed,the arugula went bad.Even worse,I had unthinkinglybought way too much;I could have made six salads with what I threw out.In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry,food waste goesagainst the moral grain,“as Elizabeth Royte writes in this months cover story.Itsjaw-dropping how
10、 much perfectly good food is thrown awayfrom ugly”（but quiteeatable）vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown intorestaurant garbage cans.Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resources usedto grow it.That makes food waste an environmental pro
11、blem.In fact,Royte writes,“if food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producer of greenhousegases in the world/9If thats hard to understand,lefs keep it as simple as the arugula at the back ofmy refrigerator.Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time一but for him,itsmore like 12 b
12、oxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days.Curtin is CEO ofDC Central Kitchen in Washington.D.C.,which recovers food and turns it intohealthy meals.Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by takingdonations and collecting blemished（有瑕疵的）produce that otherwise would haverott
13、ed in fields.And the strawberries?Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or drythem for use in meals down the road.Such methods seem obvious,yer so often we just dont think.Everyone canplay a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary inyour weekly shopping or by asking r
14、estaurants to not include the side dish you wonteat.Curtin says.24.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?A.We pay little attention to food waste.B.We waste food unintentionally at times.C.We waste more vegetables than meat.D.We have good reasons for wasting food.25.What is a
15、 consequence of food waste according to the text?A.Moral decline.B.Environmental harm.C.Energy shortage.D.Worldwide starvation.26.What does Curtins company do?A.It produces kitchen equipment.B.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.C.It helps local farmers grow fruits.D.It makes meals out of unwant
16、ed food.27.What does Curtin suggest people do?A.Buy only what is needed.B.Reduce food consumption.C.Go shopping once a week.D.Eat in restaurants less often.答案：24.B 25.B 26.D 27,ACThe elderly residents（居民）in care homes in London are being given hens to lookafter to stop them feeling lonely.The projec
17、t was dreamed up by a local charity（慈善组织）to reduce lonelinessand improve elderly peoples wellbeing.It is also being used to help patients sufferingdementia,a serious illness of the mind.Staff in care homes have reported a reductionin the use of medicine where hens are in use.Among those taking part
18、in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.She said:Iused to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast eachmorning before I went to school.“I like the project a lot.I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning lettingthe hens out and down there again at night to see theyve go
19、ne to bed“Its good to have a different focus.People have been bringing their children into see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them.Im enjoying thecreative activities,and it feels great to have done something useful.There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care
20、homes in theNorth East,and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywideWendy Wilson,extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street,one of the first to emba】k 0nthe project,said:Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creativesessions.We are looking forward to the
21、 benefits and fun the project can bring topeople here.Lynn Lewis,director of Notting Hill Pathways,said:We are happy to be takingpart in the project.It will really help connect our residents through a shared interestand creative activities.28.What is the purpose of the project?A.To ensure harmony in
22、 care homes.B.To provide part-time jobs for the aged.C.To raise money for medical research.D.To promote the elderly peoples welfare.29.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier?A.She has learned new life skills.B.She has gained a sense of achievement.C.She has recovered her memory.D.She has developed
23、 a strong personality.30.What do the underlined words“embark on“mean in paragraph 7?A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.31.What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?A.It is well received.B.It needs to be more creative.C.It is highly profitable.D.It takes ages to see the resu
24、lts.答案：28.D 29.B 30.C 31.ADHuman speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds,from the common mand a to the rare clicks of some southern African languages.But why are certainsounds more common than others?A ground-breaking,five-year study shows thatdiet-related changes in human bite led to new s
25、peech sounds that are now found inhalf the worlds languagesMore than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech soundscalled labiodentals,such as F and v，were more common in the languages ofsocieties that ate softer foods.Now a team of researchers led by Damian Blasi at theUniversity
26、 of Zurich,Switzerland,has found how and why this trend arose.They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adultswere aligned（对齐），making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed bytouching the lower lip to the upper teeth.Later,our jaws changed to an overbitestructur
27、e（结构）,making it easier to produce such sounds.The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development ofagriculture in the Neolithic period.Food became easier to chew at this point.Thejawbone didnt have to do as much work and so didnt grow to be so large.Analyses of a language da
28、tabase also confirmed that there was a global change inthe sound of world languages after the Neolithic age,with the use of f*and vincreasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.These sounds are still notfound in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people todayThis research overturns the
29、 popular view that all human speech sounds werepresent when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.The set of speechsounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of humanbeings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today the product ofa complex int
30、erplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution.saidSteven Moran,a member of the research team.32.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damian Blasis research focus on?A.Its variety.B.Its distribution.C.Its quantity.D.Its development.33.Why was it difficult for ancient human adu
31、lts to produce labiodentals?A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.B.They could not open and close their lips easily.C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured.D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough.34.What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A.Supporting evidence for the research results
32、.B.Potential application of the research findings.C.A further explanation of the research methods.D.A reasonable doubt about the research process.35.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?A.It is key to effective communication.B.It contributes much to cultural diversity.C.It
33、 is a complex and dynamic system.D.It drives the evolution of human beings.答案：32.D 33.C 34.A 35.C第 二 节（共5小题：每小题2.5分。满 分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled“Five Reasons to Thank YourWorkout Partner.One reason was:Youll actually show up if yo
34、u know someone iswaiting fbr you at the gym,“while another read:36 With a workout partner,you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle（微妙）competition.So,how do you find a workout partner?First of all,decide what you want from that person.37 Or do you just want tobe physically fit,able
35、 to move with strength and flexibility?Think about the exercisesyou would like to do with your workout partner.You might think about posting what you are looking fbr on social media,but itprobably wont result in a useful response.38 If you plan on working out in agym,that person must belong to the s
36、ame gym.My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her noticeincluded what kind of training she wanted to do,how many days a week and howmany hours she wanted to spend on each session,and her age.It also listed herfavorite sports and activities,and provided her phone number.39
37、You and your partner will probably have different skills.40 Over time,bothof you will benefit your partner will be able to lift more weights and you willbecome more physically fit.The core（核心）of your relationship is that you willalways be there to help each other.A.Your first meeting may be a little
38、 awkward.B.A workout partner usually needs to live close byC.Youll work harder if you train with someone else.D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?E.How can you write a good seeking training partner notice?F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.G.Any
39、notice for a training partner should include such information.答案：36.C 37.D 38.B 39.G 40.F第三部分语营运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共 15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。My husband,our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences overthe past ten years.Some of our 41 are funny,especially
40、from the early years when our childrenwere little.Once,we 42 along Chalk Creek.I was 43 that our 15-month-oldboy would fall into the creek（小溪）.I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near toour spot.That lasted about ten minutes.He was 44,and his crying let the wholecampground know it.So 45 tying
41、 him up,I just kept a close eye on him.It 46一he didnt end up in the creek.My three-year-old,however,did.Another time,we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake.The sky was clear when we47_,but storms move in fast in the mountains,and this one quickly 48 ourpeaceful morning trip.The 49 picked up and thunder
42、rolled.My husband stoppedfishing to 50 the motor.Nothing.He tried again.No 51 We were stuck in themiddle of the lake with a dead motor.As we all sat there 52,a fisherman pulledup,threw us a rope and towed（拖）us back.We were 53.Now,every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage,we arefi
43、lled with a sense of 54,wondering what camping fun and 55 we willexperience next.41.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.discoveries42.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled43.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.wonied44.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid45.A.due toB.instead ofC.apart fromD.as for46.A.wor
44、kedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed47.A.signed upB.calmed downC.checked outD.headed off48.A.arrangedB.interruptedC.completedD.recorded49.A.windB.noiseC.temperatureD.speed50.A.findB.hideC.startD.fix51.A.luckB.answerC.wonderD.signal52.A.patientlyB.tirelesslyC.doubtfullyD.helplessly53.A.sorryB.braveC.safe
45、D.right54.A.reliefB.dutyC.prideD.excitement55.A.failureB.adventureC.performanceD.conflict答案：4145 CADCB 4650 ADBAC 5155 ADCDB第二节（共 10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant PandaNational Park(GPNP).56(cover)an area about thre
46、e times 57 size ofYellowstone National Part,the GPNP will be one of the first national park in thecountry.The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 58(be)previously unprotected,bringing many of the existing protected areas for giantpandas under one authority 59(increase)e
47、ffectiveness and reduce inconsistenciesin management.After a three-year pilot period,the GPNP will be officially set up next year.TheGPNP 60(design)to reflect the guiding principle of protecting the authenticityand integrity(完整 性)of natural ecosystems,preserving biological diversity,protecting ecolo
48、gical buffer zones,61 leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.The GPNPs main goal is to improve connectivity betweenseparate 62(population)and homes of giant pandas,and 63(eventual)achievea desired level of population in the wild.Giant pandas also serve 64 an umbrella speci
49、es(物种),bringing protection toa host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.TheGPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 65 live withinthe Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in thearea.答案：56.Covering 57.
50、the 58.were 59.to increase 60.is designed61.and 62.populations 63.eventually 64.as 65.that第四部分写作（共两节、满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是校广播站英语节目Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：1.节目介绍；2.访谈的时间和话题。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Caroline,Yours sincerely,Li Hua第 二 节（满 分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开