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1、高考英语语法知识点梳理宾语从句的用法讲解在主句中充当宾语成分，即跟在及物动词后面、不及物动词加介词后面，或介词后面的从句叫做宾语从句，宾语从句可以由从属连词that，whether，if，连接代词what，which，who以及连接副词how，when，where，why等引导。其中宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，常位于及物动词或介词后面。宾语从句的用法需要注意以下几个问题：第一、宾语从句中要用陈述语序Im wondering if you could help me with my homework.我在想你是否可以帮忙我的作业但是不能这样：Im wondering if could you h
2、elp me with my homework.第二、宾语从句时态选择的问题1、当主句的谓语动词为一般现在时时，宾语从句的时态应根据实际情况使用可以是任何时态She says that she likes bananas very much.她说她特别喜欢香蕉（一般现在时）She says that she will send me an email this afternoon.她说她今天下午会给我发邮件（一般将来时）2、当主句谓语动词是一般过去时时，从句时态一般用适当的过去时态He said to his mon that there were no classes yesterday.他
3、对他妈妈说昨天没有课（一般过去时）He said that he was watching a TV series at that time.他说他当时正在看一部电视连续剧3、当宾语从句描述的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，不管主句的时态是哪种，宾语从句的时态都用一般现在时The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快My father used to tell us that nothing is difficult if we put heart into it.父亲过去常告诉我们只要用心，没有
4、什么事可以难倒我们第三、宾语从句的否定前移当主句主语是第一人称且时态为一般现在时时，以及主句的谓语动词是believe，consider，expect，fancy，guess，imagine，suppose，think等时，从句的否定要转移到主句上，但这种转移只是形式上的，意义上不变。如果整个句子后面跟有反义疑问句，反义疑问句的谓语动词要与宾语从句保持一致I dont think he will stick out to the last moment.我认为他不会坚持到最后一刻I dont suppose that is their fault，it it？我认为那不是他的错，是不是？宾语从
5、句三类的用法详解宾语从句可以分为三类(1).动词的宾语从句1.1 大多数位于动词后面Eg：I hope you can join us in the game.1.2 有些是“动词+副词”后Find out / point out / figure out / turn out/ figure outEg： Can you figure out what the poet really means in this poem?1.3 有些动词短语后面Make sure / make up ones mind / keep in mindEg; we should keep in mind tha
6、t sports can be a great boost to our health.(2) it 作形式宾语代替宾语从句第一类动词; find/ feel/ think/ consider/ make / believe/ guess/ suppose /assume等后面有宾语不足语时，需要用it 作形式宾语而将that引导的真正的宾语从句后置。Eg： I think it necessary that we do some sporting.第二类动词 带宾语从句时需要在从句前面加it。这类词：hate / like/ dislike/ appreciate/ depend on/ s
7、ee to /Eg: I hate it when they talk without considering others feeling.但是如果宾语从句是WH-类引导的，其后面有to be 短语作宾语补足语，不可以用it 代替。We all consider what you said to be unbelievable. (right)We all consider it to be unbelievable what you said .(wrong)(3)形容词后的宾语从句Adj: sure / certain/ glad/ pleased/ happy / afraid / s
8、orry 等等。Eg; I am not sure whether you will come or not.简化宾语从句常见用法同学们常会遇到把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句，使其与原句意思相同（或相近）的试题。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法：方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope， decide， wish， choose， agree， promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如：Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We dec
9、ided that we would help him. We decided to help him.方法二：当主句谓语动词是know， learn， remember， forget， tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：She has forgotten how she can open the window. She has forgotten how to open the window.注：当主句谓语动词是tell， ask， show， teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式
10、”结构。例如：Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ Could you tell me how to get to the station？方法三：当主句的谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。例如：The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. The headmaster ordered us to start at once.方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）
11、等其他形式简化。例如：He insisted that he should go with us. He insisted on going with us.The poor boy doesnt know when and where he was born. The poor boy doesnt know the time and the place of his birth.方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。例如：Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. Li
12、u Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如：It seemed that the boys were going to win. The boys seemed to win.除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如：I found that it was difficult to learn English well. I found it difficult to learn English well.Soon we found that the gro
13、und was covered with thick snow. Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.They found that the box was very heavy. They found the box very heavy.宾语从句与形式宾语it当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时，通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语从句移至句末：I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。He hasnt made it known when he is goin
14、g to get married. 他还没宣布他何时结婚。She found it difficult to answer the question. 她发现回答这个问题很困难。He feels it his duty to hetp others. 他认为帮助别人是他的责任。He thought it best to be on his guard. 他认为他最好还是要警惕。He made it a rule to speak in Parliament at least once every session. 他规定自己在议会每次开会时至少发一次言。I find it interestin
15、g talking go you. 我觉得同你谈话很有意思。I consider it wrong to cheat in an examination. 我认为考试作弊是不对的。宾语从句与否定转移当动词think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine 后接一个表示否定意义的宾语从句时，其否定通常转移到主语：I dont suppose that it is true. 我认为那不是真的。I dont imagine that he will come. 我想他不会来的。I dont think we need waste much time on it. 我想我们不必在这上面花太多时间We didnt think wed be this late. 我们没想到我们会到得这么晚。I dont suppose Ill trouble you again. 我想我不要再麻烦你了。学科网（北京）股份有限公司