《会计学原理（英文.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《会计学原理（英文.ppt（32页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、会计学原理（英文）会计学原理（英文）ForewordnCourse naturenContentsnTeaching methodsnScoring systemnRequirements2The website and the book may be helpful to younhttp:/ 1Introduction to Accounting and Business4Key Termsnaccountingnproprietorshipnpartnershipn nstakeholdersstakeholdersn nGenerally Accepted Accounting Pri
2、nciples Generally Accepted Accounting Principles(GAAP)(GAAP)n nbusiness entity conceptbusiness entity conceptnunit-of-measure concept5Key Termsnassetnliabilitynowners equitynexpensenrevenuenwithdrawalninvestmentnnet income61.Describe the nature of a business.2.Describe the role of accounting in busi
3、ness.3.Describe the importance of business ethics and the basic principles of proper ethical conduct.4.Describe the profession of accounting.5.Summarize the development of accounting principles and relate them to practice.Objectives7Contents of Chapter 11.Nature of a Business2.The Role of Accounting
4、 in Business3.Business Ethics4.Profession of Accounting5.Generally Accepted Accounting Principles81.Nature of a BusinessTypes of BusinessesTypes of Business OrganizationsBusiness StrategiesValue Chain of a BusinessBusiness Stakeholders9Manufacturing Business ProductProductGeneral MotorsCars,trucks,v
5、ansIntelComputer chipsBoeingJet aircraftNikeAthletic shoes and apparelCoca-ColaBeveragesSonyStereos and televisionTypes of Businesses10Merchandising Business ProductProductWal-MartGeneral merchandiseToys“R”UsToysCircuit CityConsumer electronicsLands EndApparelAInternet books,music,video retailerType
6、s of Businesses11Service Business ProductProductDisneyEntertainmentDelta Air LinesTransportationMarriott HotelsHospitality and lodgingMerrill LynchFinancial adviceSprintTelecommunicationTypes of Businesses12There are three types of business organizationsProprietorshipPartnershipCorporation13A propri
7、etorship is owned by one individual.AdvantagesEase in organizingLow cost of organizingDisadvantageLimited source of financial resourcesUnlimited liabilityJoes 14A partnership is owned by two or more individuals.AdvantagesMore financial resources than a proprietorship.Additional management skills.Dis
8、advantageUnlimited liability.Joe and Martys 15A corporation is organized under state or federal statutes as a separate legal entity.AdvantageThe ability to obtain large amounts of resources by issuing stocks.DisadvantageDouble taxation.J&M,Inc.16Business StrategiesA business strategy is an integrate
9、d set of plans and actions designed to enable the business to gain an advantage over its competitors,and in doing so,to maximize its profits.17Business StrategiesUnder a low-cost strategy,a business designs and produces products or services of acceptable quality at a cost lower than that of its comp
10、etitors.Wal-MartSouthwest Airlines18Business StrategiesUnder a differential strategy,a business designs and produces products or services that possess unique attributes or characteristics which customers are willing to pay a premium price.MaytagTommy Hilfiger19Value Chain of a BusinessA value chain
11、is the way a business adds value for its customers by processing inputs into product or service.InputsInputsBusiness Business ProcessesProcessesProducts or Products or ServicesServicesCustomer Customer ValueValue20A business stakeholder is a person or entity having an interest in the economic perfor
12、mance of the business.Business Stakeholders212.The Role of Accounting in BusinessnAccounting is an information system that provides reports to stakeholders about the economic activities and condition of a business.222Assess stakeholders informational needs.The Process of Providing InformationSTAKEHO
13、LDERSInternal:Owners,managers,employees External:Customers,creditors,government 1Identify stake-holders.23Accounting Information SystemDesign the accounting information system to meet stakeholders needs.34Record economic data about business activities and events.The Process of Providing Information2
14、45Prepare accounting reports for stakeholders.STAKEHOLDERSInternal:Owners,managers,employees External:Customers,creditors,government Accounting Information SystemThe Process of Providing Information253.Business EthicsnThe moral principles that guide the conduct of individuals are called ethics.26Bus
15、iness Ethics1.Avoid small ethical lapses.2.Focus on your long-term reputation.3.You may expect to suffer adverse personal consequences for holding to an ethical position.Sound Principles that form the foundation for ethical behavior274.Profession of AccountingAccountants employed by a business firm
16、or a not-for-profit organization are said to be engaged in private accounting.Accountants and their staff who provide services on a fee basis are said to be employed in public accounting.285.Generally Accepted Accounting Principles(GAAP)29The business entity concept limits the economic data in the a
17、ccounting system to data related directly to the activities of the business.The cost concept is the basis for entering the exchange price,or cost of an acquisition in the accounting records.30The objectivity concept requires that the accounting records and reports be based upon objective evidence.The unit-of-measure concept requires that economic data be recorded in dollars.31The EndThe EndChapter 132