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1、Unit 4 Behind BeliefsBiblical idioms in EnglishHinduismBuddhismJudaismChristianityIslamTaoismTheBibleisoftendescribedasthegreatestbookeverwritten.Thisisbecauseofitsunendingsignificanceandinfluenceonpeoplethroughouttheages.NootherbookinhistoryhasimpactedpeoplesandculturesliketheBible.zxxkManybasiccon
2、ceptsandprinciplesofWesternculturehavecomedownfromtheBible.ManycommonEnglishphrasesandexpressionshavetheiroriginintheBiblewell.Eventhoughitwaswrittenmorethan2,000yearsago,theBiblecontinuestoinfluencepeopletoday.Letsenjoyastoryinit.Inancienttimes,akinghadaboulderplacedonaroadway.Thenhehidhimselfandwa
3、tchedtoseeifanyonewouldremovethehugerock.Someofthekingswealthiestmerchantsandcourtiers（拍（拍马屁者）马屁者）camebyandsimplywalkedaroundit.TheObstacleInOurPathManyloudlyblamedthekingfornotkeepingtheroadsclear,butnonedidanythingaboutgettingthebigstoneoutoftheway.Thenapeasantcamealongcarryingaloadofvegetables.On
4、approachingtheboulder,thepeasantlaiddownhisburdenandtriedtomovethestonetothesideoftheroad.Aftermuchpushingandstraining（猛拉）（猛拉）,hefinallysucceeded.Asthepeasantpickeduphisloadofvegetables,henoticedapurselyingintheroadwheretheboulderhadbeen.Thepursecontainedmanygoldcoinsandanotefromthekingindicatingtha
5、tthegoldwasforthepersonwhoremovedtheboulderfromtheroadway.Thepeasantlearnedwhatmanyothersneverunderstand.Everyobstaclepresentsanopportunitytoimproveonescondition.Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the Chinese given in the brackets.l1.While listening to the terrible story,I felt my fac
6、ial _(表情)beginning to change.l2.All the mistakes in my English composition had been _(加下划线)in red ink by my teacher.l3.Dont worry.There are two_ (直截了当的)ways of achieving this result.l4.The instructions for this clever method are given _(频繁地)and are easy to understand.Z，xxkexpressionunderlinedstraigh
7、tforward frequently l5.The president went abroad for a friendly visit,accompanied by his _(译员).l6.Why you let her talk you into doing such a foolish thing is beyond my _ (理解力).l7.Increased speed of _(通讯)means that people can act much more quickly and work more efficiently.l8.Now I find that the leve
8、l of _(能力)among hospital staff is not as high as expected.interpreter comprehension communication competence l9.He was rather _(含糊的)about the reasons why he was so late for class this morning.l10.Being inspectors should have a _(完全的)knowledge of construction materials,otherwise,quality problems will
9、 come up in some buildings.vague thorough Fast reading Go through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find the answers to the three questions in part A on Page 50.1.What is an idiom?An idiom is a group of words or an expression whose meaning often can not be understood by looking at the me
10、anings of the separate words in it.2.Which languages was the Bible first written in?In Hebrew.3.Which idiom is often used to describe children?Apple of their parents eye.Careful reading1.Read the passage again and complete Part C1.(1)Why does the Bible have a lot of idioms?Because the Bible was firs
11、t written in Hebrew and then translated into Greek,and many idioms are used in both of them.Because the Bible was translatedinto English hundreds of years ago,many Hebrew or Greek idioms have become part of the English language.(2)What did by and by originally mean in the Bible?Immediately.(4)How ma
12、ny years ago was the Bible translated into English?(3)What does by and by mean today?Before long.Hundreds of years ago.There is a hidden weakness in somebody whom we admire or respect.(6)Which animals are featured in the idioms in the article?Bird and calf.(7)Which foods are included in the idioms i
13、n the article?Apple and salt.(5)What does feet of clay mean?lYoucanimproveyourcomprehensionanddevelopahighlevelofcompetenceincommunicationskills.(8)How is studying idioms useful in language learning?Find out the idioms in the passage and then complete Part C2.lBy and bylFeet of claylA little bird to
14、ld me.lKill the fatted calflthe apple of someones eyelThe salt of the earth(1)Sarahs grandmother adores her;Sarah is _the apple of her grandmothers eye.(2)Wilson was disappointed when he learnt that the coach had _feet of clay(3)She knew it might take a long time for her teammates to change their mi
15、nds,but she believed that the new plan would work _by and by(4)The people in my village are very honest and hard-working;they are _the salt of the earth(5)When my brother came back home from his trip to Europe,we _ for him.killed the fatted calf(6)She would not say who told her about the surprise pa
16、rty.She just said,_.A little bird told meRead the passage and fill in the blanks with the words from the text.An idiom is a _ of words that has a special meaning which is not usually apparent.If you already have a good _ of English and want to _ _ and sharpen your language skills,studying _ can be a
17、 good way to do so.groupunderstandingpolishupidiomsMany of the idioms used in English are from the _.It is interesting to read how the original meaning of many of these idioms have changed over time.One of the reasons for this is that the Bible was _ from Hebrew into Greek and later into English.Tak
18、e“by and by”as an_.It originally meant _,but now it means _Bibletranslatedexampleimmediatelybefore longIdioms can be used to _ the moral of a story.One idiom about feet of clay stresses the concept that things or people that seem perfect,like a person we _ or respect,can have hidden _.From then on,w
19、henever I read an idiom,I will remember that there could be a hidden meaning in it.underlineadmireweaknessKey expressionsvin other words(L2)vquite a few(L7)vtranslate into(L8)vhave a vague or loose connection to(L12)vbe meant to(L15)vunderline the moral of a story(L15)va hidden weakness(L21)vlead a
20、life of luxury(L30)vmend ones way(L31)vin honour of(L31)vfor instance(L34)vrefer to sb as(L34)vbe proud of(L35)vbe thrown away(L42)vbe worth nothing(L43)vin oral and written English(L46)vdevelop a high level of competence in v(L48)vhave a thorough understanding of sthv(L50)vcarriers of history and c
21、ulture(L52)Key sentences:l1.，除非你能识辨出习语的使用，否则你很容易误解所读到的或所听到的内容(L5-6)。,and _ you recognize when an idiom is being used,you can easily misunderstand_.l _ invited,you should keep silent.A.When B.If C.Unless D.Sinceunless What you read or hear spokenl2.圣经最初是用希伯来文写成的，后来被译为希腊语，这两种语言都使用很多习语。(L9)The Bible wa
22、s first written in Hebrew and then translated into Greek,_ use many idioms.both of whichl3.圣经习语原本都有着直白、清晰的意义，因为它们通常意在强调某一故事的寓意，给听众或读者一个意象以帮他们更好地理解故事。(L14-15)Biblical idioms originally had straightforward and clear meanings because they _ underline the moral of a story and to give audiences an image
23、to help them understand the story better.were meant to 4.例如，孩子们常常被说成是“apples of their parents eye”,意思是他们的父母非常爱他们，以他们为荣。(L34)For instance,children _ the apple of their parents eye,meaning that their parents love them very much and are very proud of them.are often referred to asregard/consider/think o
24、f/look on A as BHe _ the naughtiest student in his class.is referred to as5.一旦盐失去了味道，就不能再用来保存东西，应该扔掉。(L41)_,it cannot be used to preserve things any more and should be thrown away.Once the salt loses its flavour aneyeforaneye以眼还眼以眼还眼asoneman一致地一致地Theteachingstaffspeakasonemanonthisissue.在这个问题上全体教员意见
25、一致。在这个问题上全体教员意见一致。cleanhands廉洁、清白廉洁、清白Heretiredfromofficewithcleanhands.他退休时两袖清风。他退休时两袖清风。SomeBiblicalidiomsinEnglishdoubtingThomas指那些不肯轻易相信别人的人指那些不肯轻易相信别人的人HesarealdoubtingThomas.HesimplywouldntbelieveIdwonthecaruntilhesawitwithhisowneyes.他是一个真正的怀疑主义者他是一个真正的怀疑主义者-在没有亲在没有亲眼看到之前他就是不相信我赢得了那辆眼看到之前他就是不相
26、信我赢得了那辆车。车。1.(Lines1-2)Anidiomisagroupofwordsoranexpressionwhosemeaningoftencannotbeunderstoodbylookingatthemeaningsoftheseparatewordsinit.1)separatehereisusedasanadjectivewiththemeaningeachorindividual(wordinthegroupofwordsortheexpression)ornottogether.Languagepoints:e.g.Thetwinsshareoneroom,butthe
27、ysleepinseparatebeds.Germanyisonenation,butitusedtobetwoseparatecountriesformorethan30yearsafterWorldWar.2)separatecanalsobeusedasaverb,whichmeanstobecomeapartortobenottogether.e.g.Itisextremelyhardtoseparatetwofightingoxen.Themountainrangeseparatesthetwocountries.AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot_frommyfri
28、ends.Studentsshouldalwaysremembertheoryandshouldnotatallbe_frompractice.A.dividedB.stoppedC.separatedD.operatedA.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missedHaveatry:2.(Lines5-6),andunlessyourecognizewhenanidiomisbeingused,youcaneasilymisunderstandwhatyoureadorhearspoken.unless:conj.,ifnotorexceptife.g.UnlessImm
29、istaken,shewasatworkyesterday.Youwontgetpaidfortimeoffunlessyouhaveadoctorsnote._invited,youshouldkeepsilent.A.WhenB.IfC.UnlessD.Since3.(Lines33-35)Forinstance,childrenareoftenreferredtoastheappleoftheirparentseye,meaningthattheirparentslovethemverymuchandareveryproudofthem.1)=tocallsomebodyas.e.g.Heisreferredtoasthenaughtieststudentinhisclass.2)referto Ipromisednottorefertothematteragain.Thisparagraphreferstotheeventsoflastyear.Youmayrefertoyournoteifyouwant.Haveatry:Theincident_tookplacelastMonday.A.referredB.referringC.referredtoD.referringto