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1、4/22/20231 现代分析方法与技术,为药学的发展提供了适时而有效的手段与动力。色谱及其联用技术:药学研究分子水平。手性分析:毛细管电泳及手性色谱技术药物研究与质量控制提供了保障。现代光谱技术:药物结构鉴定,微量杂质检定。第一节概况第1页/共89页4/22/20232Capillary electrophoresis,CEModernchromatogr&itsapplication药物现代色谱法及其应用第2页/共89页4/22/20233UPLCUltraPerformance LC(UPLC)technology starts with unique 1.7 m small-parti
2、cle chemistries.Chromatographers no longer need to choose between speed and resolutionwith UPLC you get both.第3页/共89页4/22/20234Mass spectroscopy MSNuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry NMRX-ray diffraction methodNear infrared spectrometry NIRS现代光谱法及其应用Modernspectroscopy&itsapplicationinpharmaceuti
3、calanalysis第4页/共89页4/22/20235GC-FTIRGC-MSUPLC-MSHPLC-NMRHyphenated Techniques in Chromatography 现代联用技术及其应用HPLC-MSCE-MS第5页/共89页+样品与溶剂脱离及电离 EI ESI APCILC/MS接口 离子源质量分析器检测离子HPLC数据系统质谱质谱离子识别 Quadrapole Time of Flight Fourier Transform +离子检测+-+-+第二节 液质联用技术与应用第6页/共89页2.1 离子化方式第7页/共89页4/22/20238第8页/共89页4/22
4、/20239第9页/共89页4/22/202310第10页/共89页4/22/202311第11页/共89页4/22/2023122.2 离子分离与测定模式第12页/共89页4/22/202313第13页/共89页4/22/202314Full-ScanMassSpectrometryAdvantageProvides MW Information第14页/共89页4/22/202315Full-Scan MS of BuspironeBuspirone(丁螺环酮)C21H31N5O2MW=385150200250300350400450500m/z255075100Relative Abun
5、dance386408(M+H)+(M+Na)+第15页/共89页4/22/202316Single Ion Monitoring(SIM)AdvantagesTargeted Analyte MonitoringHigh Duty CycleSimpleDisadvantagesCan suffer from interferencesNot as sensitive or selective as SRM(see below)Fixed m/zPass AllPass All第16页/共89页4/22/202317ProductIonScanning:ATandemMSMethodAdva
6、ntageProvides Structural InformationDisadvantageLow duty cycleFixed m/zPass AllScanningProduct Ion SpectrumQ3Q2Q1第17页/共89页4/22/202318Product Ion Spectrum of Buspirone100150200250300350400m/z255075100Relative Abundance122386222150265180(M+H)+第18页/共89页4/22/202319PrecursorIonScanningAdvantageID compoun
7、ds producing specific fragment ion(e.g.,PO3 for phosphopeptides)DisadvantageLow duty cycleFixed m/zPass AllScanningPrecursor Ion SpectrumQ3Q2Q1第19页/共89页4/22/202320Precursor Ion Scan Mode for Buspirone MetabolitesPrecursorIonScan:Q3settom/z122100200300400500m/zRelative Abundance402386910111213141516T
8、ime(min)255075100Relative Abundance11.6213.8413.1614.4012.1310.4515.45第20页/共89页4/22/202321NeutralLossScanningAdvantageScreen for compounds producing specific neutral loss(e.g.,loss of 176 for glucuronide conjugates)DisadvantageLow duty cycleScanningPass AllScanningNeutral Loss SpectrumLinkedQ3Q2Q1第2
9、1页/共89页4/22/202322Neutral Loss Scan of Buspirone MetabolitesNeutralLossScan:Q1/Q3differencesetto121Da100200300400500m/zRelative Abundance402386910111213141516Time(min)255075100Relative Abundance13.9211.6913.2115.5010.58第22页/共89页4/22/202323SelectedReactionMonitoring(SRM)AdvantagesTargeted Analyte Mon
10、itoringHigh Duty Cycle“Simultaneous”Monitoring of Multiple TransitionsDisadvantageNo“advanced”structural informationFixed m/zPass AllFixed m/zQ1Q2Q3第23页/共89页4/22/202324MS/MSSelectivityinComplexMatrices息斯敏阿斯咪唑(astemizole)第24页/共89页4/22/202325Chlroamphenicol(氯霉素,CAP)残留测定黄杨生物碱成分鉴定苯甲酸利扎曲普坦人体药代动力学研究2.3药物分
11、析中的典型应用第25页/共89页4/22/202326C11H12Cl2N2O5FMW=323.13【类别】酰胺醇类抗生素【适应症】本品是治疗伤寒、副伤寒的首选药物,外用可治疗沙眼。因脑脊液浓度高,故常用于治疗细菌性脑膜炎和脑脓肿。此外,尚可外用治疗痤疮、酒糟鼻、脂溢性皮炎等。被农业养殖滥用!肉食品中严格检查。2.3.1 Chlroamphenicol(氯霉素,CAP)残留测定第26页/共89页4/22/202327HPLCanalysiswasperformedontheFinniganSurveyorHPLCmodulewithMSPumpandAutosamplerColumn:Ther
12、moHypersilGoldC18(1002.1mm,5)MobilePhase:A:Water;B:AcetonitrileColumnTemperature:40oCGradientProgram:0.25mL/minInjection:20uLwithloopTime(min)%A%B080202.520803.020803.180205.08020第27页/共89页4/22/202328OperationConditionsforCAPIon source:ESIIon polarity:NegativeSpray voltage:4000 VSheath gas pressure:4
13、5Auxiliary gas pressure:15Ion transfer capillary temperature:300 oCSource CID:8 VScan Type:SRM,3 transitions of M-H-(m/z:321)(321152,321 194 and 321 257)Q1 peak width0.7 Da in SRM or 0.2 Da in H-SRMQ3 peak width0.7 DaCollision Pressure:Ar at 1.3 mTorr第28页/共89页4/22/202329Q1 peak width and H-SRM exper
14、imentEnablingtheH-SRMexperimentHighly SelectiveSelectedReactionMonitoring(H-SRM)Reduces“isobaric”chemicalnoiseIncreasesconfidenceofanalysis&improvedLOQQ1 peak width0.7 Da in SRM or 0.2 Da in H-SRMQ3 peak width0.7 Da第29页/共89页4/22/202330第30页/共89页4/22/202331CAP SRM Result:CAP Standard Q1 peak width=0.7
15、 DaTIC321-152321-194321-257CAPPeakAreaCounts=2.4E4第31页/共89页4/22/202332CAP SRM Result:Kidney Blank TIC321-152321-194321-257第32页/共89页4/22/202333CAP SRM Result:Kidney Spiked(0.5ng/g)TIC321-152321-194321-257CAPNotaccurateforconfirmationCAPdetected第33页/共89页4/22/202334CAP H-SRM Result:CAP Standard Q1 peak
16、 width=0.2 DaTIC321-152321-194321-257PeakAreaCounts=7.3E3第34页/共89页4/22/202335CAP H-SRM Result:Kidney BlankTIC321-152321-194321-257NoCAPdetected第35页/共89页4/22/202336CAP H-SRM Result:Kidney Spiked(0.5ng/g)TIC321-152321-194321-257CAP第36页/共89页4/22/2023372.3.2 黄杨宁生物碱黄杨宁生物碱HPLC-MS联用鉴定联用鉴定黄杨科植物小叶黄杨Buxus mic
17、rophlla Sieb.et.Zucc.var.sinica Rehd.et Wils中含有具有较强心血管疾病治疗活性的孕甾烷生物碱,主要含环维黄杨星D、环黄杨碱D和环常绿黄杨碱C等生物碱成分。第37页/共89页4/22/202338黄杨生物碱HPLC-ELSD色谱图色谱条件色谱条件色谱柱:LichrospherSiO2(250mm4.6mm,5m)流动相:四氢呋喃-甲醇-乙腈-氨水(32:50:13:3)流速:1mLmin-1柱温:30ELSD参数:漂移管温度70雾化气体(N2)流速:1.5Lmin-1第38页/共89页4/22/202339环维黄杨星D和有关生物碱含量测定结果次数环维黄杨
18、星D含量%峰1生物碱含量%峰2生物碱含量%峰4生物碱含量%峰5生物碱含量%有关生物碱总含量%186.853.578.090.790.9213.37287.083.848.540.800.9814.15385.833.468.820.810.9514.03485.703.548.760.870.9314.10585.053.528.640.740.8513.75684.843.749.030.790.9714.53Mean85.893.618.650.800.9313.99RSD%1.073.653.384.624.632.8第39页/共89页4/22/202340环维黄杨星环维黄杨星D及其有关
19、生物碱的鉴别及其有关生物碱的鉴别 质谱条件 电喷雾离子化正离子检测 喷口电压5000V 雾化气压35psi 辅助气压力5psi 毛细管温度350 碰撞气氩气压力1.5mTorr 色谱条件 色谱柱:Lichrospher SiO2(250mm4.6mm,5 m)流动相:四氢呋喃-甲醇-乙腈-氨水 (32:50:13:3)流速:1mLmin-1 柱温:30第40页/共89页4/22/202341黄杨宁LC-MS/MS全扫描色谱图黄杨宁LC-MS/MS全扫描色谱放大图123456789第41页/共89页4/22/202342峰1母离子质荷比峰1二级质谱图M+H+=370第42页/共89页4/22/2
20、02343可能为峰1的黄杨宁有关生物碱CyclobuxomicreineKCyclobuxosuffrineKBuxenoneMCyclobuxoviridineB第43页/共89页4/22/202344峰2母离子质荷比峰2二级质谱图M+H+=431第44页/共89页4/22/202345可能为峰2的黄杨宁有关生物碱CyclomicrophyllineBBuxazidineBCyclobuxoxazineCCyclomicrophyllineC第45页/共89页4/22/202346峰3母离子质荷比峰3二级质谱图M+H+=415第46页/共89页4/22/202347可能为峰3的黄杨宁有关生物
21、碱CycloprotobuxineACyclokreanineBCyclovirobuxeineB16-deoxybuxidienineC第47页/共89页4/22/202348峰4母离子质荷比峰4二级质谱图环常绿黄杨碱CM+H+=417第48页/共89页4/22/202349峰5母离子质荷比峰5二级质谱图M+H+=401383.34第49页/共89页4/22/202350可能为峰5的黄杨宁有关生物碱CycloprotobuxineCBuxaminolEBuxocyclamineACyclobuxineB第50页/共89页4/22/202351峰6母离子质荷比峰6二级质谱图环黄杨碱DM+H+=
22、387第51页/共89页4/22/202352峰7母离子质荷比峰7二级质谱图环维黄杨星DM+H+=403第52页/共89页4/22/202353峰8母离子质荷比M+H+=375第53页/共89页4/22/202354 357.15峰8二级质谱图峰9二级质谱图 371.17第54页/共89页4/22/202355m/z=375m/z=357m/z=344m/z=326m/z=309 357.15第55页/共89页4/22/202356峰9母离子质荷比M+H+=389第56页/共89页4/22/202357峰9二级质谱图 371.17第57页/共89页4/22/202358m/z=389m/z=3
23、71m/z=358m/z=340m/z=309 371.17第58页/共89页4/22/202359峰位号tR(min)M+H+(m/z)特征碎片离子(m/z)可能生物碱名称13.92370339,325,283,135,70,58CyclobuxomicreineK,CyclobuxosuffrineK,BuxenoneM,CyclobuxoviridineB24.03431413,382,323,86,70,58BuxazidineB,CyclomicrophyllineB,CyclobuxoxazineC,CyclomicrophyllineC35.35415384,84,58Cyclo
24、protobuxineA,CyclokreanineB,CyclovirobuxeineB,16-deoxybuxidienineC45.92417399,386,368,84,58CylcyclovirobuxineC56.11401370,352,326,171,58CycloprotobuxineC,BuxaminolE,BuxocyclamineA,CyclobuxineB67.03387369,356,338,171,58CyclobuxineD77.63403385,372,354,70,58CyclovirobuxineD88.28375357,344,326,309,58未有相
25、关文献报道99.77389371,358,340,173,70,58可能为CyclobuxineD双键加氢还原产物HPLC-ELSD法黄杨宁有关生物碱归属表第59页/共89页4/22/202360苯甲酸利扎曲普坦 (Rizatriptan Benzoate)MW:391.47 分子式:C15H19O5C7H6O25-HT受体拮抗剂2.3.3 苯甲酸利扎曲普坦人体药代动力学研究第60页/共89页4/22/202361药理作用药理作用v刺激大脑血管壁的后接点5-HT1B受体收缩血管,降低颅内血管通透性;v刺激三叉神经前突触5-HT1D受体,调节神经递质的释放,抑制硬膜的神经原性炎症反应和血浆外渗;
26、v阻止血管肽的释放,使血管口径正常化,通过收缩颅内血管并抑制神经炎症;v刺激脑干5-HT1B或5-HT1D受体,抑制三叉神经核兴奋;v减少颈动脉血流;v透过血脑屏障,增加脑血流量。第61页/共89页4/22/202362实验内容实验内容v建立苯甲酸利扎曲普坦在血浆、尿样浓度的LC-MS/MS测定方法v苯甲酸利扎曲普坦分散片和胶囊进行生物等效性试验v苯甲酸利扎曲普坦片体内药代动力学研究 单剂量(5,10,15 mg)多次给药(10 mg)稳态(10 mg)第62页/共89页4/22/202363LC-MS/MS测定方法建立测定方法建立v测定方法选择v质谱条件优化v色谱条件选择 色谱柱选择 缓冲盐
27、选择v血浆处理方法 液液萃取法 蛋白沉淀法v内标选择LC-MS/MSm/z 270m/z 158Phenomenx PFP1%冰醋酸,0.2%醋酸铵蛋白沉淀法盐酸曲马多第63页/共89页4/22/202364色谱条件色谱条件流动相A:醋酸盐缓冲液(1%冰醋酸,2%醋酸铵;pH 3.5)流动相B:甲醇(0.1%甲酸)梯度条件过程:0 min(B50%)1.0 min(B95%)4.5 min(B95%)4.6 min(B50%)6.5 min(B50%)第64页/共89页4/22/202365空白溶剂色谱图 预处理的空白血浆色谱图 第65页/共89页4/22/202366质谱条件质谱条件离子检测
28、方式:ESI+SRM检测对象:利扎曲普坦m/z269.9158.1曲马多m/z263.958.0喷口电压:5000V雾化气压:35psi辅助气压力:5psi毛细管温度:350碰撞气氩气压力:1.3mTorr碰撞能量:20eV第66页/共89页4/22/202367质谱条件优化质谱条件优化利扎曲普坦LC-MS质谱扫描图(m/z=270)第67页/共89页4/22/202368利扎曲普坦LC-MS/MS质谱扫描图(m/z=158)第68页/共89页4/22/202369利扎曲普坦质谱裂解图 m/z 270m/z 158(碰撞能量:20ev)第69页/共89页4/22/202370色谱条件选择色谱条
29、件选择色谱柱Intersil-ODS C18Lichrospher-C18 Zorbak-ODS C18 Lichrospher-CN Phenomenx Curosil-PFP 缓冲盐条件(0.1%HCOOH,v/v;0.2%醋酸铵,w/v;pH3.0)采用PFP(五氟苯基)柱,样品的保留适当,峰型良好,有机相和水相的比例也较为适当。第70页/共89页4/22/202371醋酸铵(w/v)0.05%0.1%0.2%甲醇:水=(50:50)0.2%(w/v)醋酸铵样品峰响应高,拖尾得到一定程度的改善。0.1%HCOOH0.1%HAC0.2%HAC 0.5%HAC 1.0%HAC1%HAC水相p
30、H值为3.5,样品保留时间合适,峰形良好。第71页/共89页4/22/202372血浆处理方法血浆处理方法苯甲酸利扎曲普坦血浆提取条件试验 第72页/共89页4/22/202373内标选择内标选择佐米曲普坦(Zolmitriptan)MW:287 分子式:C16H21N3O2第73页/共89页4/22/202374盐酸曲马多(Tramadol hydrochloric)MW:299.8 分子式:C16H25NO2第74页/共89页4/22/202375曲马多LC-MS质谱扫描图(m/z=264)第75页/共89页4/22/202376曲马多LC-MS/MS质谱扫描图(m/z=58)第76页/共
31、89页4/22/202377曲马多质谱裂解图 m/z 264 m/z 58第77页/共89页4/22/202378单次给药单次给药 受试者单次口服苯甲酸利扎曲普坦片后,苯甲酸利扎曲普坦的Cmax和AUC与服药剂量成正比关系。CmaxDoseAUCDose第78页/共89页4/22/202379数据分析数据分析受试者单剂量口服低中高剂量后的平均血药浓度-时间曲线 第79页/共89页4/22/202380受试者单剂量口服低中高剂量后的平均累积排泄量-时间曲线第80页/共89页4/22/202381受试者多次服药第36天时平均谷时血药浓度-时间曲线 第81页/共89页4/22/202382受试者多次口服达稳态后的平均药时曲线第82页/共89页4/22/2023832.4 其他质谱技术与特点第83页/共89页4/22/202384第84页/共89页4/22/202385第85页/共89页4/22/202386第86页/共89页4/22/202387第87页/共89页4/22/202388创新意识 不断不断探索探索勇于实践第88页/共89页4/22/2023药物分析89感谢您的观看!第89页/共89页