《英语词性变化.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语词性变化.pptx（35页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、省略原形动词中两个相同的字母中的其中一个,然后在词尾叫-tweep-wept-wept（流泪,哭泣）sleep-slept-sleptsweep-swept-swept（扫除,席卷）feel-felt-feltkneel-knelt-kneltsmell-smelt-smeltdwell-dwelt-dwelt（居住，停留）spell-spelt-speltspill-spilt-spilt（溢出,洒,使.流出）这一类动词也有一个特点，那就是有字母组合-ee或者ll；同样的，也并不是说有这样的字母组合的不规则动词都是这样的变形了。flee-fled-fled,也基本符合这个规则，我们把它归入此
2、类，不过它的过去式和过去分词是在词尾加-d第1页/共35页省略原形动词中两个相同字母中的其中一个，speed-sped-spedfeed-fed-fedbleed-bled-bledmeet-met-metshoot-shot-shotlead-led-ledmislead-misled-misled这类动词也是以字母-d或者-t结尾，中间的字母组合多数是-ee，当然这里把shoot和lead作为这一类归纳进去了。第2页/共35页把原形动词的最后一个字母-d改成-tsend-sent-sentlend-lent-lentbend-bent-bentspend-spent-spentbuild-
3、built-built这类动词的规则当然必须是以字母-d结尾的了。多数是-end这样的结尾。这里把build也归入了这一类了。而tend 和mend属于规则变化的动词第3页/共35页有-ow,-aw,这些字母组合的动词，过去式中把这些组合改成-ew，过去分词在动词原形上再加字母-nblow-blew-blowngrow-grew-grownknow-knew-knownthrow-threw-throwndraw-drew-drawnwithdraw-withdrew-withdrawn这里特别要提醒同学们注意的是，flewflown并不是动词flow的过去式和过去分词，而是动词fly的过去式
4、和过去分词，而动词flow是一个规则动词，它的过去式和过去分词是flowed-flowed:fly-flew-flownflow-flowed-flowed第4页/共35页另外，有-ow字母组合的动词slow 也是规则变化。另一些的有-ow,-ew字母组合的不规则动词变化是过去式加-ed，过去分词在原形动词的基础上加-n,例如：show-showed-shownsow-sowed-sown（播种,散布）mow-mowed-mown（割草,扫射,）sew-sewed-sewn第5页/共35页含有字母组合-ind的动词，在过去式和过去分词中都变成-oundfind-found-foundwind-
5、wound-wound当然，这一类动词中也有一些例外，比如，mind就是一个规则变化的动词。第6页/共35页有字母组合-in或者-ing或者-ink的动词，过去式把字母-i变成-a，过去分词中把-i变成-ubegin-began-begunsing-sang-sungring-rang-rungspring-sprang-sprung（弹起，弹出,）sink-sank-sunkdrink-drank-drunkswim-swam-swum此外，以-ing结尾的不规则动词，还有一种变化方式是将字母-i改成-u，过去式和过去分词一致,例如：sting-stung-stungswing-swung-
6、swung第7页/共35页不规则动词以-m,-n,-l,-r结尾的，过去式和过去分词在原形动词词尾加-t或者-dmean-meant-meantleanleant-leantlearn-learnt-learntdream-dreamt-dreamtburn-burnt-burntdeal-dealt-dealtspoil-spoilt-spoilthear-heard-heard第8页/共35页过去式和过去分词都有-ought的think-thought-thoughtfight-fought-foughtbuy-bought-boughtbring-brought-broughtseek-
7、sought-sought另外有两个动词，原形动词以-ch结尾的，过去式和过去分词都有-aught的,我们也把它们归入了此类teach-taught-taughtcatch-caught-caught第9页/共35页动词以元音字母-i加辅音字母加不发音的-e结尾的，一般是在过去式中将字母改成-o，过去分词在原形动词基础上加-n,或者双写这个辅音字母再加-narise-arose-arisenrise-rose-risenride-rode-riddenwrite-wrote-writtendrive-drove-drivenstrive-strove-strivengive-gave-give
8、n另一种情况是，过去分词中去掉这个不发音的-e，然后过去分词双写这个辅音字母再加-n的，例如：hide-hid-hiddenbite-bit-bitten第10页/共35页有-ea或者-ee或者-oo的字母组合的不规则动词，过去式是将这个字母组合改成-o，然后在词尾加-e，过去分词是在过去式的基础上再加-n,例如：break-broke-brokenspeak-spoke-spokensteal-stole-stolenweave-wove-woven（编织,组合,编排）freeze-froze-frozenchoose-chose-chosenwake-woke-wokenawake-awo
9、ke-awoken第11页/共35页动词原形中有字母组合-ay的，过去式和过去分词改成-aid,例如：say-said-saidpay-paid-paidlay-laid-laid第12页/共35页变动动词原形中的元音字母的win-won-wondig-dug-dugstick-stuck-stuckhang-hung-hung(悬挂)hang-hanged-hanged(绞死)hold-held-heldsit-sat-satspit-spat-spatshine-shone-shone第13页/共35页另外还有一些都有相同的字母组合，变化相同的，因为例子较少，我们把它们列在一起，作为一组一
10、组来记忆。shake-shook-shakentake-took-takenmistake-mistook-mistakenwear-wore-wornbear-bore-borntear-tore-tornswear-swore-sworn（发誓,宣誓,咒骂）sell-sold-soldtell-told-told(例外的动词fear,hear等)overcome-overcame-overcomeget-got-gottenforget-forgot-forgottenundertake-undertook-undertaken第14页/共35页+un变反义believable/accep
11、table/lock/load/necessary/comfortable/popular/fair Likely/lucky/pleasant reasonable/friendly/happy/healthy/Easy/tidy/packFamiliar/aware/selfish/willing/sure/certain/fortunate/usual/common/wise/kind/fold第15页/共35页+ydifficult/honest/guiltdeliver/discover/recover 第16页/共35页动词后加ment构成的名词 judge/achieve/adj
12、ust/agree/amaze/amuse/announce/appoint/arrange/astonish/develop/disappoint/embarrass/encourage/enjoyequip/excite/govern/improve/manage/punish/replace/require/retire/employ/move/settle/treataccomplish/advertise 第17页/共35页以de结尾的动词改de为sion构成的名词conclude explode include第18页/共35页+ence变名词 exist/depend/persi
13、st第19页/共35页形容词后加ize构成的动词summarize modernize generalize specialize symbolize harmonize第20页/共35页加al的形容词nature-natural agriculture-agricultural architecturearchitectural globe-globalCulture-cultural condition-conditionalcentre-central practice-practical office offcial finance-financial origin-original
14、education-educational environment environmental tradition traditional coast-coastal第21页/共35页以ic结尾的形容词athlete-athletic adventure-adventurous history-historic(al)/botany-botanical hero-heroic(al)第22页/共35页以able结尾的形容词accept-acceptable avoid-avoidable-unavoidable favourfavourable-unfavorable bear-bearabl
15、e-unbearable第23页/共35页加ly构成的形容词month-monthly man-manly friend-friendly第24页/共35页加ous构成的形容词poison-poisonous fame-famous courage-courageous danger-dangerous mountain-mountainous humour-humourous 第25页/共35页加y构成的形容词wealth-wealthy mess-messy snow-snowy stormstormy thirst-thirsty health-healthy wind-windy bl
16、ood-bloody cloud-cloudy luck-lucky第26页/共35页二、高考英语完形填空重点词组必背150条acceptas承认是；接受为accountfor解释,说明accusesb.ofsth.控告(某人某事)achieveonesaim实现目标adaptoneselfto使自己适应于addressoneselfto从事于；忙着做，着手amountto总共达到；实际上是answerfor对负责任applyoneselfto致力于approveof赞同；赞许arguewithsb.aboutsth因和某人争执assistindoingsth.协助某人做.associate.
17、with.使发生联系；使联合assuresb.ofsth.使(某人)确信(某事)attachimportanceto认为重要backup支持beabsorbedin专心致力于beaccustomedto习惯于beaddictedto沉溺于；使吸毒成瘾bebeneficialto有利于，有益于bebetteroff境况富裕；更富有beboundto一定会，必然第27页/共35页beburdenedwith.使负重担becapableof有做出(某事)倾向的becarefulwith对小心认真becaughtin(arain;atrafficjam;theearthquake)偶然遇上（雨，堵塞,
18、地震等）becomposedof由组成beconcernedwith关心，挂念；从事于becrazyabout对着迷becrosswithsb.atsth.因某事和.发脾气becuriousabout对感到好奇bedeaftosth.对充耳不闻bedeterminedtodosth决意/决心做某事beeagerforsth.渴求某事物befedupwith对感到厌烦，腻了bejealousofsb嫉妒某人bekeenon喜爱,渴望belocatedin位于，坐落在第28页/共35页bemarkedwith被标上记号beoccupiedin忙于，正从事bestrictwithsb.insth.对
19、要求严格breakup驱散,学校的放学burstintotears突然哭起来calloff取消(计划,比赛)carry/do/makeanexperiment做实验crossout删去,取消carryon继续,坚持下去;从事,经营carryout进行到底,贯彻执行catchsightof发现，看到，突然看见comeacross偶然发现,偶然遇到clearup解释,澄清;整理,收拾;天气变晴comeintoeffect开始生效，开始实行comeintooperation施行生效；开始工作comeout出现,显露;出版,发表;结果是commenton评论，批评，解释competefor为而竞争co
20、ngratulatesb.onsth.祝贺某人contributeto有助于，促成counton依靠,指望cutshort中断,打断deliveraspeech发表（演说等）devoteoneselfto献身于；致力于disposeof除掉；干掉；卖掉dropout退出,退学,弃权,放弃第29页/共35页figureout计算出；估计；理解forgivesb.forsth.原谅某人(做了)某事gain/haveanadvantageover胜过,优于getinaword插话getintothehabitof养成的习惯getthrough接通电话;完成;通过(如考试);花光金钱等,克服困难,解决
21、问题giveriseto引起,导致goallouttodosth全力以赴去做某事goaround分配,传播,传开haveagiftformusic有音乐天分haveagoodknowledgeof对很熟悉haveaccessto接近（或进入）的方法havedifficulty/troubleindoingsth做某事有困难havehighhopeforsb.对某人抱很大希望keepaneyeon照看；留意havenomercyonsb.对一点儿也不怜悯interferewith妨碍；打扰keepaneyeon照看，留意keepcompanywith和交往keepintouch保持联系keept
22、rackof记录；掌握的线索；保持对的联系第30页/共35页knockintosb撞到某人身上;偶然遇到knockout击倒,击昏laydownoneslifefor为献出生命layemphasisonsth强调leaveout删掉lookdownon/uponsb轻视某人lookintosth调查,了解某事,浏览(书报)lookuptosb尊敬某人loseheart泄气；灰心loseonestemper发怒,发脾气makeadifference有影响，有关系makeagoodimpressiononsb.给某人留下好印象makeadifference有影响,很重要makeanannounce
23、ment通知makecertain弄清楚makecontactwithsb与某人联络makeeffortstodosth.努力做某事makeendsmeet量入而出；使收支相抵makethebestof充分利用(时间等)makethemostof充分利用；极为重视makeupfor补偿,弥补makeuponesmind决定,下决心第31页/共35页makewonders创造奇迹meetthedemands满足要求payback偿还,回报,向.报复payoff还清债;给清工资后遣散;得到好结果,取得成功playajokeonsb开玩笑playatrickonsb.给某人恶作剧putaway放下,
24、收起来,把放在原位,存钱putinorder使.整齐,秩序井然putonesheartinto全心全意投入putthrough接通电话putupwith容忍,忍受remaininonesmemory留在某人的记忆中remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事runariskof=attheriskof冒险runfor竞选runshort用完,耗尽,不足,不够setaboutdoingsth着手做某事setaboutdoing开始,着手setanexamplefor为某人树立榜样setaside流出,宣布无效，不顾setfireto使燃烧,点燃第32页/共35页settledown定居,过安
25、定生活showoff炫耀,卖弄standfor代表,意味着;主张,支持;stickto坚持,忠于,信守takeachance碰运气takeacorrectattitudetowardssth.对抱正确的态度takeadvantageof趁之机，利用takeafter与相象takebackoneswords收回(刚讲的话)takechargeof负责takeintoaccount把考虑进去takeintoconsideration考虑到，顾及takeonanewlook呈现一片新面貌takepainstodo努力做某事takepleasureindoingsth.喜欢做某事takepridein=beproudof引以为豪taketurns轮流thinkhighlyof高度评价throwlightonsth.解释，阐明第33页/共35页温书假复习计划温书假复习计划第34页/共35页感谢您的观看！第35页/共35页