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1、Unit 1 汽汽车专业英英语车辆的种的种类汽汽车基本基本结构构ContentsI.Pre-questionsII.TextExplanationIII.Exercises2020/11/302vTypesofModernAutomobilesv1）cars v2）passengercarsv3）trucksv4）tractorsandvehiclecombinationv5）specialtypevehiclev6）Self-dumpingcarv7）farmvehiclev8)off-roadvehicleI.Pre-questions2020/11/303Specialvehicleca
2、rTractorTruckPassengerCars2020/11/3042、with respect to engine arrangement and driving type engine arrangement and driving typediagramfront engine、front-wheel drive front engine、rear-wheel driveRear engine、rear-wheel driveI.Pre-questions2020/11/305vDoyouknowwhobuiltthefirstcarintheworldandwhen?vKarlB
3、enzvIn1886I.Pre-questions2020/11/306vHowmanymainpartsdoestheautomobileconsistof?1-engine2-chassis3-body4-electricalsystemI.Pre-questions2020/11/307 New Words and New Words and Expressionsvcomponentkmpunntn.成分，组成，部成分，组成，部件，零件件，零件vchassissin.底盘底盘vtransmissiontrnzminn.变速器，传动变速器，传动,传传动系统，传送，发射动系统，传送，发射v
4、igniteignaitv.点火点火,点燃点燃vsuspensionsspennn.悬架，悬挂悬架，悬挂2020/11/308 New Words and New Words and Expressionsvspark-ignitionengine点燃式发动机点燃式发动机vcompression-ignitionengine压燃式发动机压燃式发动机vstoragebattery蓄电池蓄电池vignitioncoil点火线圈点火线圈vpowertrain传动系，动力装置传动系，动力装置vpropellershaft传动轴传动轴(=driveshaft)2020/11/309vSectionATh
5、eBasicComponentsofanAutomobilevTodaysaveragecarcontainsmorethan15,000separate,individualpartsthatmustworktogether.Thesepartscanbegroupedintofourmajorcategories:engine,body,chassisandelectricalequipments.2020/11/3010vEnginevTheengineactsasthepowerunit.Theinternalcombustionengineismostcommon:thisobtai
6、nsitspowerbyburningaliquidfuelinsidetheenginecylinder.Therearetwotypesofengine:gasoline(alsocalledaspark-ignitionengine)anddiesel(alsocalledacompression-ignitionengine).Bothenginesarecalledheatengines;theburningfuelgeneratesheatwhichcausesthegasinsidethecylindertoincreaseitspressureandsupplypowertor
7、otateashaftconnectedtothetransmission.2020/11/3011vChassisvThechassisisanassemblyofthosesystemsthatarethemajoroperatingpartsofavehicle.Thechassisincludesthepowertrain,suspension,steering,andbrakesystems.2020/11/3012vBodyvAnautomobilebodyisasheetmetalshellwithwindows,doors,ahood,andatrunkdeckbuiltint
8、oit.Itprovidesaprotectivecoveringfortheengine,passengers,andcargo.Thebodyisdesignedtokeeppassengerssafeandcomfortable.2020/11/3013ElectricalEquipmentvTheelectricalsystemsupplieselectricityfortheignition,horn,lights,heater,andstarter.Theelectricitylevelismaintainedbyachargingcircuit.Thiscircuitconsis
9、tsofabattery,andanalternator(orgenerator).Thebatterystoreselectricity.Thealternatorchangestheenginesmechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergyandrechargesthebattery.2020/11/3014vWhichiscalledthe“heart”ofautomobile?vAnenginethatisusedtosupplypowerforanautomobilevWhatisthechassiscomposedof?vPowertrain,suspe
10、nsion,steeringsystemandbrakesystem.Questions2020/11/3015PowertrainsystemBrakesystemSteeringsystemSuspensionsystemI.Pre-questions2020/11/3016vWhatistheelectricalsystemcomposedof?vTheelectricsystemincludesthebattery,generator,startingsystem,ignitionsystem,lightingsystem,hornsystem,radioandotherdevices
11、.I.Pre-questions2020/11/3017vWhatarethefunctionsofthefoursystems?vDrivingsystemworksbytransmittingenginepowertothedrivingwheels.vSuspensionsystemsfunctionistoincreasestrengthanddurabilityofcomponentsandtomeetcustomersrequirementsforridingcomfortanddrivingsafety.vSteeringsystemisusedtocontrolthedrivi
12、ngdirectionofanautomobile.vBrakesystemisusedtoretardthemotionofthevehicle.I.Questions2020/11/3018Section C ReadingvAnautomobileormotorcar(usuallyshortenedtojustcar)isawheeledpassengervehiclethatcarriesitsownengineormotor.Mostdefinitionsofitspecifythatautomobilesaredesignedtorunonroads,tohaveseatingf
13、oronetoeightpeople,totypicallyhavefourwheels,andtobeconstructedforthetransportofpeopleorgoods.However,thedefinitionisnotprecisebecausetherearemanytypesofvehiclesthatdosimilartasks.2020/11/3019vInotherwords,anyautomobileiscomposedofthesectionssuchasengine,chassis,bodyandelectricsystem.vInotherwords换句
14、话说换句话说vbecomposedof由由.组成组成v译文：译文：换句话说，任何一辆汽车都是由发动机、换句话说，任何一辆汽车都是由发动机、底盘、车身和电器设备组成的。底盘、车身和电器设备组成的。II.Text Explanation2020/11/3020vInotherwordsvInotherwords,theyremainrelativelyconstantorstatic.换句话说，它们相对的稳定、静止。换句话说，它们相对的稳定、静止。vInotherwords,wehaveadheredtoscientificsocialism.也就是说，我们坚持了科学社会主义。也就是说，我们坚持了
15、科学社会主义。vbecomposedofvNavymustbecomposedofsurfaceshipunitandsubmarineunit.v海军一定是由水面舰艇部队和潜艇部队组成。海军一定是由水面舰艇部队和潜艇部队组成。II.Text Explanation2020/11/3021 III.ExercisesuTranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoChinese.vchassisvdrivingsystemvinternalcombustionenginevsteeringsystemvbrakingsystemvpropellershaftvGene
16、ratorvTransmissionvIgnitioncoilvSuspensionvEnginevComponentvStoragebatteryu底盘底盘u传动系统传动系统u内燃机内燃机u转向系统转向系统u制动系统制动系统u传动轴传动轴u发电机发电机u变速器变速器u点火线圈点火线圈u悬挂悬挂u发动机发动机u零件零件u蓄电池蓄电池2020/11/3022vIdentifytheEnglishnamesofchassisaccordingtothepicture.III.Exerciseslengine;clutch(离合器）离合器）;ltransmission;lpropellershaft
17、;ldifferential（差（差速器）速器）;lrearaxle（后轴）（后轴）2020/11/3023vI.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.vIneffect,thedrivingsystemworksbytransmittingenginepowertothedrivingwheels.v实际上，传动系统的作用是将发动机的动力传递到驱动车轮。实际上，传动系统的作用是将发动机的动力传递到驱动车轮。vTheelectricsystemsupplieslightinganddrivingpowerfortheautomobile.v电气系统
18、可为汽车提供照明和驱动的电力。电气系统可为汽车提供照明和驱动的电力。vThebodystylingprovidesanattractive,colorful,modernappearanceforthevehicle.v车身的式样为汽车提供了诱人的，多彩的，现代的外观形象。车身的式样为汽车提供了诱人的，多彩的，现代的外观形象。III.Exercises2020/11/3024v汽车主要由四个部分组成，他们是：发动机、底盘、车身汽车主要由四个部分组成，他们是：发动机、底盘、车身和电气设备。和电气设备。vAnautomobileisgenerallycomposedoffoursectionssuchasengine,chassis,bodyandelectricalsystem.III.ExercisesII.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.2020/11/3025