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1、ContentsI.Pre-questionsII.Text ExplanationIII.Exercises第1页/共26页TypesofModernAutomobiles1）cars 2）passengercars3）trucks4）tractorsandvehiclecombination5）specialtypevehicle6）Self-dumpingcar7）farmvehicle8)off-roadvehicleI.Pre-questions第2页/共26页Special vehicle carTractor Truck Passenger Cars 第3页/共26页2、with
2、 respect to engine arrangement and driving type engine arrangement and driving typediagramfront engine、front-wheel drive front engine、rear-wheel driveRear engine、rear-wheel driveI.Pre-questions第4页/共26页Doyouknowwhobuiltthefirstcarintheworldandwhen?KarlBenzIn1886I.Pre-questions第5页/共26页Howmanymainparts
3、doestheautomobileconsistof?1-engine2-chassis 3-body4-electrical systemI.Pre-questions第6页/共26页NewWordsandNewWordsandExpressionscomponentkmpunntn.成分，组成，部件，零件chassissin.底盘transmissiontrnzminn.变速器，传动,传动系统，传送，发射igniteignaitv.点火,点燃suspensionsspennn.悬架，悬挂第7页/共26页NewWordsandNewWordsandExpressionsspark-ignit
4、ionengine点燃式发动机compression-ignitionengine压燃式发动机storagebattery蓄电池ignitioncoil点火线圈powertrain传动系，动力装置propellershaft传动轴(=driveshaft)第8页/共26页SectionATheBasicComponentsofanAutomobileTodaysaveragecar containsmorethan15,000separate,individualpartsthatmustworktogether.Thesepartscanbegroupedintofourmajorcateg
5、ories:engine,body,chassisandelectricalequipments.第9页/共26页EngineTheengineactsasthepowerunit.Theinternalcombustionengineismostcommon:thisobtainsitspowerbyburningaliquidfuelinsidetheenginecylinder.Therearetwotypesofengine:gasoline(alsocalledaspark-ignitionengine)anddiesel(alsocalledacompression-ignitio
6、nengine).Bothenginesarecalledheatengines;theburningfuelgeneratesheatwhichcausesthegasinsidethecylindertoincreaseitspressureandsupplypowertorotateashaftconnectedtothetransmission.第10页/共26页ChassisThechassisisanassemblyofthosesystemsthatarethemajoroperatingpartsofavehicle.Thechassisincludesthepowertrai
7、n,suspension,steering,andbrakesystems.第11页/共26页BodyAnautomobilebodyisasheetmetalshellwithwindows,doors,ahood,andatrunkdeckbuiltintoit.Itprovidesaprotectivecoveringfortheengine,passengers,andcargo.Thebodyisdesignedtokeeppassengerssafeandcomfortable.第12页/共26页ElectricalEquipmentTheelectricalsystemsuppl
8、ieselectricityfortheignition,horn,lights,heater,andstarter.Theelectricitylevelismaintainedbyachargingcircuit.Thiscircuitconsistsofabattery,andanalternator(orgenerator).Thebatterystoreselectricity.Thealternatorchangestheenginesmechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergyandrechargesthebattery.第13页/共26页Whichi
9、scalledthe“heart”ofautomobile?AnenginethatisusedtosupplypowerforanautomobileWhatisthechassiscomposedof?Powertrain,suspension,steeringsystemandbrakesystem.Questions第14页/共26页Power train system Brake systemSteering systemSuspension systemI.Pre-questions第15页/共26页Whatistheelectricalsystemcomposedof?Theel
10、ectricsystemincludesthebattery,generator,startingsystem,ignitionsystem,lightingsystem,hornsystem,radioandotherdevices.I.Pre-questions第16页/共26页Whatarethefunctionsofthefoursystems?Drivingsystemworksbytransmittingenginepowertothedrivingwheels.Suspensionsystemsfunctionistoincreasestrengthanddurabilityof
11、componentsandtomeetcustomersrequirementsforridingcomfortanddrivingsafety.Steeringsystemisusedtocontrolthedrivingdirectionofanautomobile.Brakesystemisusedtoretardthemotionofthevehicle.I.Questions第17页/共26页SectionCReadingAnautomobileormotorcar(usuallyshortenedtojustcar)isawheeledpassengervehiclethatcar
12、riesitsownengineormotor.Mostdefinitionsofitspecifythatautomobilesaredesignedtorunonroads,tohaveseatingforonetoeightpeople,totypicallyhavefourwheels,andtobeconstructedforthetransportofpeopleorgoods.However,thedefinitionisnotprecisebecausetherearemanytypesofvehiclesthatdosimilartasks.第18页/共26页Inotherw
13、ords,anyautomobileiscomposedofthesectionssuchasengine,chassis,bodyandelectricsystem.Inotherwords换句话说becomposedof由.组成译文：换句话说，任何一辆汽车都是由发动机、底盘、车身和电器设备组成的。II.TextExplanation第19页/共26页InotherwordsInotherwords,theyremainrelativelyconstantorstatic.换句话说，它们相对的稳定、静止。Inotherwords,wehaveadheredtoscientificsocial
14、ism.也就是说，我们坚持了科学社会主义。becomposedofNavymustbecomposedofsurfaceshipunitandsubmarineunit.海军一定是由水面舰艇部队和潜艇部队组成。II.TextExplanation第20页/共26页III.ExercisesuTranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoChinese.chassisdrivingsysteminternalcombustionenginesteeringsystembrakingsystempropellershaftGeneratorTransmissionIgni
15、tioncoilSuspensionEngineComponentStoragebatteryu底盘u传动系统u内燃机u转向系统u制动系统u传动轴u发电机u变速器u点火线圈u悬挂u发动机u零件u蓄电池第21页/共26页IdentifytheEnglishnamesofchassisaccordingtothepicture.III.Exerciseslengine;clutch(离合器）离合器）;ltransmission;lpropeller shaft;ldifferential（差（差速器）速器）;lrear axle（后轴）（后轴）第22页/共26页I.Translatethefoll
16、owingsentencesintoChinese.Ineffect,thedrivingsystemworksbytransmittingenginepowertothedrivingwheels.实际上，传动系统的作用是将发动机的动力传递到驱动车轮。Theelectricsystemsupplieslightinganddrivingpowerfortheautomobile.电气系统可为汽车提供照明和驱动的电力。Thebodystylingprovidesanattractive,colorful,modernappearanceforthevehicle.车身的式样为汽车提供了诱人的，多彩的，现代的外观形象。III.Exercises第23页/共26页汽车主要由四个部分组成，他们是：发动机、底盘、车身和电气设备。Anautomobileisgenerallycomposedoffoursectionssuchasengine,chassis,bodyandelectricalsystem.III.ExercisesII.Translate the following sentences into English.第24页/共26页第25页/共26页谢谢您的观看！第26页/共26页