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1、Object Clauses 宾语从句宾语从句M3U3 GrammarM3U3 Grammar 1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾语语从从句句连词连词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）什么是宾语？I know him.Do you have the time?I think(that)she is beautiful.Why dont you pay attention to me?宾语位于谓语动词或者介词后一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，从
2、句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。eg.We know Mr Green teaches English.She asked if these answers were right.二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态由由从属连词从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由由从属连词从属连词 wh
3、ether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句（一）引导词1 12 23 3e.g.1.Ihear(that)_.2.Hesaid(that)_.3.Theteachertoldus(that)_.hewillbebackinanhour hemissedusverymuch theearthmoves由由从属连词从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略aroundthesunthat不能省略的不能省略的2种情况种情况（2）用）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时
4、做形式宾语的宾语从句时（it常可以放在动词常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾）从句则放在句尾）I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.We heard it that she would get married next month.（1）当）当that作介词作介词except,inexcept,in 宾语时宾语时They believe in that she must still be
5、 single.I know nothing about him except that he is living in Beijing.由从属连词由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句Iwanttoknow_.2.Askhim_.3.Iwonder_.4.Couldyoutellme_?if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithuswhether(if)hecancomewhetheritisgoingtorainornotif/whether“是否是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在楚。常用在ask,wo
6、nder,can(could)you tell me 等后。等后。whether(if)MrLiliveshere只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况1.在介词后面：在介词后面：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.2.在动词不定式前在动词不定式前(whether to do sth.)：They asked me whether to go skating.3.当与当与or not连用，或连用，或提出两种选择提出两种选择时时:I don
7、t know whether hes free or not.Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room.4.宾语从句提前时：宾语从句提前时：Whether this is true or not,I cant say.Practice timeif/whether1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2.Were worried about _ he is safe.3.I wonder _ he
8、is well.4.I dont know _ or not he is well.5.I dont know _ to go.if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether1.He asked _.2.Do you know_?3.He asked_.4.Do you know _?5.Please tell me _.6.Can you tell me _?7.Could you tell me _?who could answer the questionwhom they are waiting for whose bike was the best
9、 in the class when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾从引导的宾从代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。二、语序二、语序宾语从句的语序用宾语从句的语序用陈述语序陈述语序：连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语
10、谓语+其他成分其他成分1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?Idontknowwhatdidhewanttobuy.Idontknowwhathewantedtobuy.主句主句+连接词连接词+从句（主从句（主+谓谓+其他成分）其他成分）Whats wrong?Whats the matter?Whats happening?What happened?注：当从句的原句为以下句子注：
11、当从句的原句为以下句子 以及以及what,who作主语时，作主语时，语序不变语序不变：eg:I dont know whats the matter.Can you tell me who is over there?Can you tell me who he is?做主语做主语做宾语做宾语否定的转移否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等，等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式到主句谓语上，从
12、句谓语用肯定式。I dont think this dress fits you well.I dont think you are right.Ithinkthisdressfitsyouwell.Ithinkyouareright.vI know he lives here .vI know he lived here ten years ago.vI have heard that he will come tomorrow.三、时态三、时态1.主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定根据实际情况而定。2.2.如果主句是过去的时态（
13、一般过去时，过去进行时），如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）vI knew who lived here.vI saw she was talking with her mother.vHe asked whether his father would come back tomorrow.vHe said that he had seen it.The teacher told me she was
14、born in 1960.I heard that he went to Paris last night.3.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。仍用一般现在时。Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.He told the boy that three and three is six.He told me the earth moves around the sun.4.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生 在主句动作前，仍用
15、一般过去时。在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.I hear they _ (return)it already.4.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)5.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)will be goes have returned had been rise
16、s宾语从句宾语从句三要素三要素时时 态态Summary (小结）小结）引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus_Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime4.Doesanybodyknow_wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.if
17、B.whereC.whetherD.thatDABC Practice5.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation6.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike7.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredi
18、dyouliveCBD8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis9.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina10.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.A.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoC.rain
19、s,wontgoD.rain,willgoBCD将将下列句子合并为一句下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do they like to go skiing?He asked.4.He is doing his homework.He said.5.He will come back.Tom said.I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me wha
20、t you will speak at the meeting?He asked if they liked to go skiing.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.6.Is she doing her homework?Jim asked.7.When will he come back?Tom asked.8.How can I get to the station?Could you tell me?9.Why is the train late?Would you tell me?10.Where is Tom?They asked.Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was.Jim asked if she was doing her homework.