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1、中考中考专题专题 动词动词的的时态时态1.1.概念：概念：时态是动词的一种形式，用来表示在不同的时间以不同的方式发生的动作或存在的情况。2.2.分分类类：在初中阶段，主要掌握六种时态：现现在在进进行行时时、一般一般现现在在时时、一般一般过过去去时时、一、一般将来般将来时时、过过去去进进行行时时和和现现在完成在完成时时。考点一：考点一：现现在在进进行行时时 1.表示“现在正在”。肯定肯定结构：“am/is/are+doing（现在分词）”；否定否定句结构：“am/is/are+not+doing”；一般疑一般疑问问句把am/is/are调到句首。常用的标标志志词词有：now/right now，
2、at the moment，at present，these days，Look，Listen，Be quiet！Look out/Watch out/Be careful。e，go，leave，arrive，begin，start，fly，move等表示位置移动的动词，常用进进行行时时表示将来表示将来。如：I am leaving for Shanghai.我将出发去上海。3.be+介介词词/副副词词，也可表示正在进行的动作。如：She isnt in.=She isnt staying at home.她没在家。考点二：一般考点二：一般现现在在时时1.表示现阶段段经经常性、常性、习惯习惯性
3、性的动作或存在的状态、特征或客客观观真理真理。动词常用be动词、实义动词原形或第三人称单数。否定式否定式用“dont+动词动词原形原形”或“doesnt+动词动词原形原形”。一般疑问句用助动词do/does开头，后面用动词原形。常用的标标志志词词有：always；often；usually；sometimes；every；in the morning；on Sunday；once a week等。如：They are both fine,and they do sports every morning.他们两个都很好,每天早上做运动。2.在条件状条件状语语从句从句和时间时间状状语语从句从句中，
4、从句用一般现在时。常用的标标志志词词有：if，unless，as soon as，when，not until，before。如：Youll be late for school if you dont take a taxi.如果不搭计程车，你上学就迟到了。考点三：一般考点三：一般过过去去时时表示过过去某个去某个时间时间发生的动作、存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作。动词常用was/were/实义动词过去式。否定式用“didnt+动词动词原形原形”。一般疑问句用助动词did开开头头，后面用动词原形。常用的标标志志词词有：just now，ago，the other day，at the end
5、of last term，used to，last，in the old days，in 1998。如：It was really hot yesterday.昨天真的很热。考点四：一般将来考点四：一般将来时时1.表示将要将要发生的动作、状态、计划或打算，准备要做某事。结结构构：“will+动词原形”或“am/is/are going to+动词原形”。否定否定结构在will或am/is/are后面加not,后面接动词原形，will not=wont。一般疑疑问问句句用will或am/is/are开头，后面接动词原形。常用的标志词有：soon，tomorrow，the day after to
6、morrow，in the future，next year，in a few days/in a few days time，in 2 hours，in 2020，from now on。如：We will visit Germany this summer vacation.这个暑假我们将去德国旅游。2.在条件状条件状语语从句从句和时间时间状状语语从句从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，简称为“主将从主将从现现”。常用的标标志志词词有：if，unless，as soon as，when，not until，before。如：You will fail your test unles
7、s you work hard.如果你不努力学习，你考试将会不及格。考点五：考点五：过过去去进进行行时时表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在正在进进行行或发生的动作，意为“那时正在”。结结构构：“was/were+doing（现在分词）”。否定否定结构为“wasnt/werent+doing”。一般疑一般疑问问句句用was/were开头。常用的标标志志词词组：at 2:00 yesterday，at this time yesterday，while/when，then/at that time/at that moment；when my father got home如：I was doing
8、my homework at 8:00 yesterday evening.昨晚八点我在做作业。考点六：考点六：现现在完成在完成时时1.表示过过去去发发生的生的动动作作对现对现在的影响在的影响，结结构构“have/has+done（过去分词）”。否定句否定句结构“havent/hasnt done”。一般疑一般疑问问句把have或has提到句首。常用的标标志志词词有：since，for，so far，already，yet，recently，ever，twice，in the last/past few years。如：She hasnt finished her homework yet.她
9、还没有完成她的作业。2.与表示一段时间的标志词连用，短暂性动词要变为持续性动词。表示一段时间的标志词有：for，since，how long。3.常用的现在完成时的句型结构（1）It has been/Its+时间时间段段+since+过过去去时时从句从句/过过去去的的 时间时间如：It has been/Its three years since we met each other last time.（2）时间时间段段+has passed+since+过过去去时时从句从句如：Many years has passed since we knew each other.4.辨析（1）alr
10、eady用于肯定句；yet用于否定句或疑问句。如：He has already told me the secret.I havent fed my pet dog yet.（2）for+一段一段时间时间，表示，表示“持持续续”since+ago/过过去去时时的的句子，表示“自从以来”。如：I have studied in this school for 3 years.I have studied in this school since I was 12 years old.（3）have been to表示表示“曾曾经经去去过过（人已回来）（人已回来）”；have gone to意为“
11、已经去了（人不在这里）”；have been（in/at）表示“待在一段时间”。如：Linda isnt at home.She has gone to the library.The Greens have been in China for 10 years.（4）现在完成时与一般过去时的区区别别：现在完成时侧重对现在的影响；一般过去时只是对过过去的描述去的描述，不强调影响，是过去的时间点发生的事情。When提问时间点，不能跟现在完成时连用。如：I have had breakfast.我已经吃了早餐了。（已经饱了，不用再吃了）I had breakfast.我吃过早餐了。1.Look!S
12、imon in the playground.A.run B.runs C.is running D.running2.May I speak to Mrs.Black?Sorry,mom cant come to the phone now.She a shower.A.has B.had C.is having D.was having3.Now Jerry the exchange programme with his classmates in the meeting room.A.discussed B.is discussing C.was discussing D.has dis
13、cussedCCB动词时态动词时态能力能力综综合合测试测试4.Where are you going,Bob？To go hiking.Eric for me at the school gate！A.was waiting B.waits C.waited D.is waiting5.Where is Joan?She a novel in her study.A.has read B.reads C.will read D.is reading6.Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain,but all the happiness ha
14、ppens while you it.A.climb B.climbed C.are climbing D.have climbedDDC7.Is your mother a teacher?Yes,she is.She at a junior high school.A.taught B.teaches C.will teach D.is teaching8.Next month were going to somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday .A.will begin B.has begun C.begins D.is beginnin
15、g9.I think Ill take a bus to the meeting.The bus?If you ,you will be late.A.do B.have done C.will do D.didBCA10.Look at the sign!It says“No Smoking”.Oh,sorry.I it.A.dont see B.havent seen C.wasnt seen D.didnt see11.Where did you go last weekend?I to the Great Wall.A.go B.went C.will go D.have goneDB
16、12.Last time,he offered to do my homework for me,but I .A.refused B.refuse C.have refused D.will refuse13.There is someone knocking at the door.It must be the computer repairman.I him to come to fix my computer.A.call B.have called C.called D.will callAC14.Do you have any plans for tonight?Yes,I at
17、the new Italian restaurant in town.A.eat B.have eaten C.ate D.am going to eat15.Have you watched the new movie Kung Fu Panda 3,Kelly?Not yet.I it with my classmate tonight.A.will watch B.was watching C.have watched D.am watchingDA16.The Chinese dream true if everyone works hard enough.A.come B.comes
18、 C.will come D.came17.Stop smoking,Joe!You yourself if you keep on doing it like that!A.will kill B.have killed C.kill D.killedCA18.I missed his call because at that time I a shower.A.had B.have had C.have D.was having19.My mother dinner when I got home yesterday.A.has cooked B.was cooking C.will co
19、ok D.cooksDB20.Our classmates went to a concert yesterday afternoon.What a pity!I my homework.A.had done B.was doing C.am doing D.would do21.Bob took a photo of his girlfriend while she at the party.A.dances B.was dancing C.has danced D.is dancingBB22.Over fifty countries the AIIB(亚投行)so far.A.joine
20、d B.was joining C.had joined D.have joined23.I the History Museum twice.Ive learned a lot there.A.visit B.am visiting C.have visited D.will visit24.Amy,can we give away these soft toys?We them for many years.Mom,but I want to keep the bear.A.bought B.had C.have bought D.have hadDCD25.Please look at
21、these stamps.I them for five years.Wow,they are fantastic!A.have kept B.have bought C.borrowed D.kept26.How happy the grandparents are!Yes,they for fifty years.A.have been married B.have married C.have got married D.married27.William Shakespeare for 400 years,but his works still have great influence
22、 today.A.died B.was dying C.has died D.has been deadAAD28.The film has for an hour.A.started B.begun C.been on D.finished29.Im sorry to have kept you waiting long.Never mind.I here for only a few minutes.A.came B.have been C.have come D.had come30.Long time no see!Oh!It five years since we met last
23、time.A.was B.were C.has been D.have beenCBC31.Hi,Lily!Why dont you go swimming with them?Because I my homework .A.didnt finish；yet B.wont finish；already C.havent finished；yet D.dont finish；already32.Miss Lin has taught us English we came to this school.A.for B.since C.before D.when33.How many times
24、Carl to the Great Wall?Only once.A.does；go B.did；go C.has；gone D.has；beenCBD34.What age did you leave home?I left home at 18,Neil.I your city for five years.A.have gone to B.have been to C.have been in D.have come to35.Hobo and Eddie the cinema to watch the film Zootopia.Oh,thats why I cant find the
25、m now.A.have gone to B.have been to C.has gone to D.has been toCA36.When you here?Two days ago.A.did；come B.have；come C.will；come D.do；come37.Have you watched the movie The Left Ear?Yes,I it last night with my sister.A.have watched B.watched C.will watch D.was watchingAB3138.He often_his clothes on
26、Sundays.A.washing B.washes C.has washed D.wash 39.May_to school.A.never walks B.is never walking C.walk never D.never is walking40.We will start as soon as our teacher_.A.comes B.will come C.come D.is coming41.It_ hard when I left my house.A.is raining B.rains C.was raining D.will rain42.Dont talk s
27、o loudly.Your father_.A.sleeps B.is sleeping C.slept D.had sleptBAACB3243.He_for three years.A.has joined B.has been in the army C.joined D.has served the army44.His grandfather_for thirty years.A.died B.was dead C.has been dead D.has died45.-Did your brother go to America last year?-_.A.No,he did n
28、ever go there B.No,he has never gone here C.No,he never was there D.No,he has never been there46.Last week John_his leg.A.felt and broken B.fell and broke C.feels and breaks D.fallen and brokenBCDB3347.Next month_twenty five.A.my sister has B.my sister will be C.my sister shall have D.my sister is g
29、oing to be48.You_her again in a few weeks.A.will see B.have seen C.had seen D.have been seen49.By the end of last term we_English for two years.A.have studied B.have been studied C.would studied D.had studied 50.Mrs Brown_in New York for three years before she went to London.A.lived B.has lived C.ha
30、d lived D.will liveBADC3451.When we arrived,the dinner_.A.already began B.has already begun C.had already begun D.was just begun52.My sister_to see me.Shell be here soon.A.comes B.is coming C.had come D.came53.The old man said that light_faster than sound.A.went B.will go C.travels D.will travel 54.
31、-How long have you been collecting stamps?-_ A.For two years B.Since two years C.Two years ago CBCA351.1.My mother cant take me to the movie if she _ My mother cant take me to the movie if she _ free this weekend.free this weekend.A.isnt B.wont be C.wasnt D.wouldnt be A.isnt B.wont be C.wasnt D.woul
32、dnt be2.-Have you got a job offer?2.-Have you got a job offer?-Not yet.I _.-Not yet.I _.A.waited B.am waiting C.wait D.was waiting A.waited B.am waiting C.wait D.was waiting3.We were in Qingdao last week and _ great fun there.3.We were in Qingdao last week and _ great fun there.A.will have B.have ha
33、d C.had D.have A.will have B.have had C.had D.have4.-Would you like to see the film with me?4.-Would you like to see the film with me?-Im sorry I _ it twice.-Im sorry I _ it twice.A.see B.am seeing C.will see D.have seen A.see B.am seeing C.will see D.have seen 直直击击中考：中考：365.-Do you think John will
34、help me move the piano?5.-Do you think John will help me move the piano?-Youd better not ask him.He _ a composition.-Youd better not ask him.He _ a composition.A.write B.writes C.is writing D.wrote A.write B.writes C.is writing D.wrote6.Im sorry youve missed the train.It _10 minutes ago.6.Im sorry y
35、ouve missed the train.It _10 minutes ago.A.left B.has left C.had left A.left B.has left C.had left7.I _ my homework while my parents_ TV last night.7.I _ my homework while my parents_ TV last night.A Adiddid；have watched B.was doing;were watchinghave watched B.was doing;were watching C Cdid;were wat
36、ching D.would do;were watchingdid;were watching D.would do;were watching8.-Have you mended your shoes8.-Have you mended your shoes，Bob?Bob?-Yes -Yes，I_ them twenty minutes agoI_ them twenty minutes ago A Ahave mended Bhave mended Bmend mend C Chad mended Dhad mended Dmendedmended379.-When _ for Hong
37、 Kong,do you know?-Im not sure.When he _,Ill let you know.A.he leaves;leaves B.will he leave;will leave C.he leaves;will leave D.will he leave;leaves10.-Has he returned the library book yet?-Not yet.Dont worry.He _it soon.A.returned B.has returned C.will return D.returns 11.If it _ tomorrow,we _ tra
38、vel outside.A.will rain;will B.rains;wont C.will rain;wont12.-_ the latest Time magazine _yet?-Sorry,its late.Maybe tomorrow.A.Will;arrive B.Has;arrived C.Do;arrive D.Did;arrive 3813.Susan isnt here now.She _ to England.She will come back next month.A.will go B.has gone C.goes D.went14.-How long _Ko
39、rean singer Jang Nara _China?-Four years.She can speak and sing in Chinese.A.does;go to B./;was in C.has;been to D.has;been in15.-Mary,could you help me?-Wait a moment.I _.A.read a book B.did my homework C.was watching TV D.am cooking dinner 16.Lucy_ her dog and now she is walking it.A.will find B.i
40、s finding C.has found D.finds3917.In the past few years there _ great changes in my hometown.A.have been B.were C.had been D.are18.-They say theres a new restaurant nearby -Yes，and it_ for no more than a week Ahas been open Bopens Cis opening Dis opened19.-How long _ the film KING KONG_?-For just se
41、veral minutes Adid，begin B.has，begun Chas,been on20.-I called you yesterday evening,but there was no answer.-OhIm sorry.I_ dinner at my friends home.A.had B.was having C.have had 4021.-I knocked into a tree when I went to the railway station for my friend.-I suppose you _too fast.A.drive B.are drivi
42、ng C.drove D.were driving 22.-Dick gave me a note while I _in the library.-I guess he made it to say“sorry”to you A.am reading B.was reading C.reads D.will read23.I hear that he will be back _ two weeks time.A.at B.in C.after D.for24.I _ on the computer when Jim came to see me yesterday evening.Adraw Bdrew C.was drawing D.am drawing