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1、国际贸易术语解释通则（INCOTERMS）中英文对照EXW 工厂交货（指定地点）_工厂交货（指定地点）是指当卖方在其所在地或其他指定的地点（如工场、工厂或仓库）将货物交给买方处置时，即完成交货，卖方不办理出口清关手续或将货物装上任何运输工具。该术语是卖方承当责任最小的术语。买方必须承当在卖方所在地受领货物的全部费用和风险。但是，若双方希望在起运时卖方负责装载货物并承当装载货物的全部费用和风险时，则须在销售合同中明确写明。在买方不能直接或间接的办理出口手续时，不应使用该术语，而应使用FCA，如果卖方同意装载货物并承当费用和风险的话。A卖方义务B买方义务A1提供符合合同规定的货物卖方必须提供符合销
2、售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息，以及合同可能要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。B1支付价款买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。A2许可证、其他许可和手续应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，在需要办理海关手续时，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得为货物出口所需的出口许可证或其他官方许可。B2许可证、其他许可和手续买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口和进口许可证或其他官方许可，在需要办理海关手续时，并办理货物出口的一切海关手续。A3运输合同与保险合同a）运输合同无义务。b）保险合同无义务。B3运输合同与保险合同a）运输合同 无义务。b）保险合同 无义务。A4交货卖方必须
3、按照合同约定的日期或期限，或如果未约定日期或期限，按照交付此类货物的惯常时间，在指定的地点将未置于任何运输车辆上的货物交给买方处置。若在指定的地点内未约定具体交货点，或有若干个交货点可使用，则卖方可在交货地点中选择最适合其目的的交货点。B4受领货物买方必须在卖方按照A4和A7/B7规定交货时受领货物。A5风险转移除B5规定者外，卖方必须承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已经按照A4规定交货为止。B5风险转移买方必须按照下述规定承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险： 自按照A4规定交货之时起；及 由于买方未能按照B7规定通知卖方，则自约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日起，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即
4、清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。A6费用划分除B6规定者外，卖方必须负担与货物有关的一切费用，直到已经按照A4规定交货为止。B6费用划分买方必须支付 自按照A4规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用；及 在货物交给买方处置而买方未受领货物或未按照B7规定给予卖方相应通知而发生的任何额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限；及 在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，以及办理海关手续的费用。 买方必须偿付卖方按照A2规定给予协助时所发生的一切费用。A7通知买方卖方必须给予买方有关货物将于何时何地交给买方处置的充
5、分通知。B7通知卖方一旦买方有权确定在约定的期限内受领货物的具体时间和/或地点时，买方必须就此给予卖方充分通知。A8交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息无义务。B8交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息买方必须向卖方提供已受领货物的适当凭证。A9查对、包装、标记卖方必须支付为了将货物交给买方处置所需进行的查对费用（如查对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用）。卖方必须自付费用提供按照卖方在订立合同前已知的有关该货物运输（如运输方式、目的地）所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例，合同所指货物通常无需包装）。包装应作适当标记。B9货物检验买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，包括出口国有关当局强制进行
6、的检验。A10 其他义务应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助其取得由交货地国和/或原产地国所签发或传送的为买方出口和/或进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境所需要的任何单据或有同等作用的电子讯息。应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。B10 其他义务买方必须支付因取得A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息而发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方给予协助时所发生的费用。EXWEX WORKS (. named place)“Ex works means that the seller delivers when he places the goods at the disp
7、osal of the buyer at the seller s premises or another named place ( i. e. wa&s, factory, warehouse, etc. ) not cleared for export and not loaded on any collecting vehicle. This term thus represents the minimum obligation for the seller, and tile buyer has to bear all costs and risks involved m takin
8、g the goods from the sellers premises.However, if the parties wish the seller to be responsible for the loading of the goods on departure and to bear the risks and all the costs of such loading, this should be made clear by adding explicit wording to this effect in the contract of sale1. This term s
9、hould not be used when the buyer cannot carry out the export formalities directly or indirectly. In such circumstances, the FCA term should be used, provided the seller agrees that he will load at his cost and risk.THE SELLERS OBLIGATIONSTHE BUYERS OBLIGATIONSA1 Provision of goods in conformity with
10、 the contractThe seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity, which may be required by the contract.B1 Payment of the priceThe buyer must pay the price as provided in the
11、contract of sale.A2 Licenses, authorizations and formalitiesThe seller must render the buyer, at the latters request, risk and expense, every, assistance in obtaining, where applicable2, any export license or other official authorization necessary for the export of the goods.B2 Licenses, authorizati
12、ons and formalitiesThe buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any export and import license or other official authorization and carry out, where applicable3 all customs formalities for die export of the goods.A3 Contracts of carriage and insurancea) Contract of carriage No obligation4.b) Cont
13、ract of insurance No obligation5.B3 Contracts Of carriage and insurancea) Contract of carriage No obligation6.b) Contract of insurance No obligation7.A4 DeliveryThe seller must place the goods at the disposal of the buyer at the named place of delivery, not loaded on any collecting vehicle, on the d
14、ate or within the period agreed or, if no such time is agreed, at the usual tiny, for delivery of such goods. If no specific point has been agreed within the named place, and if there are several points available, the seller may select the point at the place of delivery which best suits his purpose.
15、B4 Taking deliveryThe buyer must take delivery of the goods where they have been delivered in accordance. with A4 and A7/B7.A5 Transfer of risksThe seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance
16、 with A4.B5 Transfer of risksbuyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time, they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and from the agreed date or the expiry date of any period fixed for taking delivery which arise because he fails to give notice in accordance with B
17、7, provided, however, that the goods has been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods. A6 Division of costsThe seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have bee
18、n delivered in accordance with A4.B6 Division of costs The buyer must pay all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered m accordance with A4; and any additional costs incurred by failing either to take delivery of the goods when they have been placed at his disposal, or to g
19、ive appropriate notice in accordance with B7 provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and where applicable8 , all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs of can out cus
20、toms formalities payable upon export. The buyer must reimburse all costs and charges incurred by the seller in rendering assistance in accordance with A2.A7 Notice to the buyerThe seller must give the buyer sufficient notice as to when and where the goods will be placed at his disposal.B7 Notice to
21、the sellerThe buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time within an agreed period and/or the place of taking delivery, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic messagesNo obligation9B8 Proof of delivery, transport docum
22、ent or equivalent electronic messagesThe buyer must provide the seller with appropriate evidence of having taken delivery.A9 Checking packingmarkingThe seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose
23、 of placing the goods at the buyers disposal.The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the particular trade to make the pods of the contract description available unpacked) which is required for the transport of the goods, to the extent that the circumstances relat
24、ing to the transport (for example modalities, destination) are made known to the seller before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging is to be marked appropriately.B9 Inspection of goodsThe buyer must pay the costs of any pre shipment inspection, including inspection mandated by the authoritie
25、s of the country of export.A10 Other obligationsThe seller must render the buyer at the latters request, risk and expense, every assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages issued or transmitted in the country of delivery and/or of origin which the buyer may require for t
26、he export and/or import of the goods and, where necessary, for their transit through any country.The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for procuring insurance.B10 Other obligationsThe buyer must pay all costs and char incurred m obtaining the documents or eq
27、uivalent electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith.FCA 货交承运人（指定地点）_“货交承运人（指定地点）”是指卖方只要将货物在指定的地点交给买方指定的承运人，并办理了出口清关手续，即完成交货。需要说明的是，交货地点的选择对于在该地点装货和卸货的义务会产生影响。若卖方在其所在地交货，则卖方应负责装货，若卖方在任何其他地点交货，卖方不负责卸货。该术语可用于各种运输方式
28、，包括多式联运。“承运人”指任何人在运输合同中，承诺通过铁路、公路、空运、海运、内河运输或上述运输的联合方式履行运输或由他人履行运输。若买方指定承运人以外的人领取货物，则当卖方将货物交给此人时，即视为已履行了交货义务。A卖方义务B买方义务A1提供符合合同规定的货物卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息，以及合同可能要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。B1支付价款买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。A2许可证、其他许可和手续卖方必须自当风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物出口所需要的一切海关手续。B2许可证、其他许可和手
29、续买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物进口和从他国过境的一切海关手续。A3运输合同与保险合同a）运输合同无义务。但若买方要求，或者如果是商业惯例而买方未适时给予卖方相反指示，则卖方可按照通常条件订立运输合同，费用和风险由买方承当。在任何一种情况下，卖方都可以拒绝订立此合同；如果拒绝，则应立即通知买方。b）保险合同无义务。B3运输合同与保险合同a）运输合同买方必须自付费用订立自指定的地点运输货物的合同，卖方按照A3a）订立了运输合同时除外。b）保险合同无义务。A4交货卖方必须在指定的交货地点，在约定的交货日期或期限内，将货物交付给买方指定的承运
30、人或其他人，或由卖方按照A3a）选定的承运人或其他人。交货在以下时候完成：a）若指定的地点是卖方所在地，则当货物被装上买方指定的承运人或代表买方的其他人提供的运输工具时；b）若指定的地点不是a）而是其他任何地点，则当货物在卖方的运输工具上，尚未卸货而交给买方指定的承运人或其他人或由卖方按照A3a）选定的承运人或其他人的处置时。若在指定的地点没有决定具体交货点，且有几个具体交货点可供选择时，卖方可以在指定的地点选择最适合其目的的交货点。若买方没有明确指示，则卖方可以根据运输方式和/或货物的数量和/或性质将货物交付运输。B4受领货物买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时，受领货物。A5风险转移除B5规定
31、者外，卖方必须承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已经按照A4规定交货为止。B5风险转移买方必须按照下述规定承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险：自按照A4规定交货之时起；及 由于买方未能按照A4规定指定承运人或其他人，或其指定的承运人或其他人未在约定时间接管货物，或买方未按照B7规定给予卖方相应通知，则自约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日起，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。 A6费用划分除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付与货物有关的一切费用，直至已按照A4规定交货为止；及 在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口应办理的海关手续费用及出口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用
32、。 B6费用划分买方必须支付自按照A4规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用；及 由于买方未能按照A4规定指定承运人或其他人、或由于买方指定的人未在约定的时间内接管货物、或由于买方未按照B7规定给予卖方相应通知而发生的任何额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。 在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，以及办理海关手续的费用及从他国过境的费用。 A7通知买方卖方必须给予买方说明货物已按照A4规定交付给承运人的充分通知。若在约定时间承运人未按照规定接收货物，则卖方必须相应地通知买方。B7通知卖方买方必须就按照A4规定指定的人
33、的名称给予卖方充分通知，并根据需要指明运输方式和向该指定的人交货的日期或期限，以及依情况在指定的地点内的具体交货点。A8交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息卖方必须自担费用向买方提供证明按照A4规定交货的通常单据。除非前项所述单据是运输单据，否则，应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以取得有关运输合同的运输单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单、内河运输单据、空运单、铁路托运单、公路托运单或多式联运单据）。如买卖双方约定使用电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以使用有同等作用的电子数据交换（EDI）讯息所代替。B8交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息买方必须接受按照A8规定
34、提供的交货凭证。A9查对、包装、标记卖方必须支付为了按照A4交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用）。卖方必须自付费用提供按照卖方在订立销售合同前已知的有关该货物运输（如运输方式、目的地）所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例，合同所述货物通常无需包装发运）。包装应作适当标记。B9货物检验买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。A10 其他义务应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地国和/或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境所需要的任何单据或有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的
35、除外）。应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。B10 其他义务买方必须支付因取得A10所述单据或电子讯息而发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方按照该款给予协助以及按照A3a)订立运输合同所发生的费用。当买方按照A3a）规定要求卖方协助订立运输合同时，买方必须给予卖方相应的指示。FCAFREE CARRIER (. named place)Free Carrier means that the seller delivers the goods, cleared for export, to the carrier nominated by the buyer at the named place
36、. It should be noted that the chosen place of delivery has an impact on the obligations of loading and unloading the goods at that place. If delivery occurs at the sellers premises, the seller is responsible for loading. If delivery occurs at any other place, the seller is not responsible for unload
37、ing.term may he used irrespective of the mode of transport, including multimodal transport.Carrier means any person who, in a contract of carriage, undertakes to perform orto procure the performance of transport by rail, road, air, sea, inland waterway or by a combination of such modes.If the buyer
38、nominates a person other than a carrier to receive the goods, the seller is deemed to have fulfilled his obligation to deliver the goods when they me delivered to that person.THE SELLERS OBLIGATIONSTHE BUYERS OBLIGATIONSA1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contractThe seller must provide the
39、 goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity which may be required by the contract.B1 Payment of priceThe buyer must pay the price as provided m the contract of sale.A2 Licenses, authorizations a
40、nd formalitiesThe seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export license or other official authorization and carry out, where applicable1, all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods.B2 Licenses, authorizations and formalitiesThe buyer must obtain at his own risk and exp
41、ense any import license or other official authorization and carry out, where applicable2, all customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their transit through any country.A3 Contracts of carriage and insurancea) Contract of carriageNo obligation3. However, if requested by the buyer or i
42、f it is Commercial practice and the buyer does not give an instruction to the contrary in due time, the seller may contract for carriage on usual terms at the buyers risk and expense. In either case, the seller may decline to make the con tract and, if he does, shall Promptly notify the buyer accord
43、ingly.b) Contract of insuranceNo obligation4B3 Contracts of carriage and insurancea) Contract of carriageThe buyer must contract at his own expense for the carriage of the goods from the named place, except when the contract of carriage, is made by the seller as provided for in A3 a).b) Contract of
44、insuranceNo obligation5.A4 DeliveryThe seller must deliver the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer, or chosen by the seller in accordance with A3 a), at the named place on the date or within the period agreed for delivery.Delivery is completed,a) If the named place is the s
45、ellers premises, when the goods have been loaded on the means of transport provided by the carrier nominated by the buyer or another person acting on his behalf.b) If the named place is anywhere other than a), when the goods are placed at the disposal of the carrier or another person nominated by th
46、e buyer, or chosen by the seller in accordance with A3 a) on the sellers means of transport not unloaded.If no specific point has been agreed within the named place, and if there are several points available, the seller may select the point at the place of delivery which best suits his purpose.Faili
47、ng precise instructions from the buyer, the seller may deliver the goods for carnage m such a manner as the transport mode and/or the quantity and/or nature of the goods may require.B4 Taking deliveryThe buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance with A4.A5 Transfer of risksThe seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.B5 Transfer of risksThe buyer must bear al