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1、2021-2022学年浙江省杭州市富春实验中学高三（上）开学英语试卷AOver the years,Rachel and her family witnessed a severe change in the landscape of their homein Pennsylvania.The population grew,and the town got dirtier and polluted as it became moreindustrial.Fm going to be a writer,Rachel told her good friend Olga.AndJm going t
2、o write about mylove of nature.I want to show how industrialization and progress can cause damage andchanges to animals,birds,and plants.When Rachel went to college,she majored in English.But because of her love of nature,shesoon switched to biology and later worked for the U.S.Fish and Wildlife Ser
3、vice.I n 1945,Rachel first became aware of the possible dangers of pesticides.PesticidesC 杀虫剂），like DDT,are chemicals that kill insects that might hurt plants and crops.Years later,her friendOlga witnessed this danger firsthand.uI t was horrible,1 she told Rachel.After the use of DDT,seven songbirds
4、 died in one place.Then for days after,we*d find more birds dead.nI know,said Rachel.True,DDT kills harmful insects,but it also kills the good insects weneed for pollination and other purposes.lt stays in the environment.When birds eat the poisonedinsects,they get sick.I f the bird doesnt die,the po
5、ison can harm its offspring.Olga waved her arms wildly.We have to do something about this.*Rachel went to her deskand grabbed a handful of papers.She handed them to Olga/Tm writing a book from all theresearch I ve gathered.lt will be called Silent Spring.I I l show how pesticides and other harmfulch
6、emicals can hurt nature.Olga raised her eyebrows.nYou know the chemical manufacturers will fight you.I f thegovernment believes pesticides are harmful,theyll begin an investigation and possibly outlawthem.The manufacturers will lose money.Rachel lowered her eyes.I know,but its a battleworth fighting
7、.We have to protect the environment.1.What motivates Rachel to become an environmentalist?A.Her familys support.B.Olgas constant encouragement.C.Her switch of major in college.D.Negative effects from development.2.What do we know about the book Silent Spring?A.I t is based on the result of Rachefs r
8、esearch.B.I ts about the damage caused by industrialization.C.I t is intended to raise peoples awareness of the risk from chemicals.D.I t tells the story about Olgas witness of several birds death from poison.3.Whats the last paragraph mainly about?A.Olga was worried about the harmful pesticides.B.T
9、he government will take action about pesticides.C.Rachel was determined to protect the environment.D.Chemical manufacturers will probably oppose Rachel.BTo determine if dogs display jealous（妒忌的）behavior,investigators set up a testing conditionwhere the dogs could imagine that social interaction betw
10、een their owner was taking place withanother dog.For safetys sake,they didnt use another real dog,but rather a realistic model of adog that might be viewed as a potential competitor for attention.As a control comparison,theyused a cylinder（圆柱）that was wrapped in wool.The test started out with the do
11、gs tied on one side of the room.The dogs observed the dogcompetitor sitting next to their owner.While the dog watched,a barrier was rolled into placebetween the dog and its potential competitor1 so that they could only see their owner from thewaist up.Although the dogs could not see what their owner
12、 was doing with his hands,they couldsee him or her bending over and repeating some loving phrases like What a good boy!”.The chain that the dog was tied to was attached to the equipment that could record how hard thedog was pulling on it.Thus the measure of the degree of jealousy was how powerfully
13、dogsattempted to reach their owners when they appeared to be petting the competitor dog behindthe barrier.lt was determined that this pulling really was based on jealousy because,in thecondition where the owners were petting a wool-covered cylinder rather than the model dog,thedogs pulled with far l
14、ess force.Remember that all of these activities happened just because ofthe dogs mental picture as to what was going on since everything below the owners waist washidden by the barrier.Dogs*ability to connect the dots and infer that their owners actions were directed toward ahidden competitor sugges
15、ts that dogs not only are capable of mentally representing socialinteractions but also specifically do so when interpreting interactions that might threaten thesocial bond they have with their owners.This means that dogs,like people,can feel the strongnegative emotion that Shakespeare called the gre
16、en-eyed beast.4.Why is a cylinder wrapped in wool used in the study?A.To hide the owners waist.B.To control the model dog.C.To act as a comparison to the competitor dog.D.To provide comfort for the dogs feeling jealousy.5.How is the dogs degree of jealousy measured?A.How their owners pet the cylinde
17、r.B.How forcefully the dogs pull on the lead.C.How often the loving phrases are repeated.D.How their owners show love to the model dog.6.What makes the dogs show their jealousy?第2 页，共 16页A.The model dog was sitting nearby.B.Their owners were bending over to repeat loving words.C.Below the owners wai
18、st was a wool-covered cylinder.D.Some competitor dog was stealing their owners love away from them.cHappiness is not natural.I ts a mere human construct.I t*s a state of contentment discouraged byour genetic design because it would lower our guard against possible threats to our survival.Chasing hap
19、piness is like chasing a shadow,but the positive thinking industry claims to knowits secrets.Self-help was popularized by Norman Vincent Peale,an American minister.Heinvented positive thinking,a concept now deeply rooted in our culture and steadily growingin influence.Popular films and books are ful
20、l of supposedly inspirational statements about how all you needto do is believe in yourself and then youll be able to achieve anything in life.This is simply,andobviously,not true.I dont think there is a need to explain that many obstacles and misfortunesin life are unavoidable,or cannot be overcome
21、.Our ancestors knew this,and many philosophicaland religious traditions are based on the acceptance that being alive is a very challengingtask,which comes with significant amounts of suffering.lt goes without saying that we shoulddo all we can to maximize our sense of wellbeing and minimize our suff
22、ering,but the end resultcannot be a state of sustained happiness.We are not designed that way.I t could be argued that positive psychology blames those who are suffering for theirsuffering,as it is based on the idea that unhappiness is entirely avoidable.lt follows thereforethat an unhappy person mu
23、st be inadequate and incompetent.Positive psychology encouragespeople who are struggling with a particular goal to persevere in the face of unfavorablepossibilities,which is much more punishing psychologically in the long run than acceptingdefeat.I believe that coming to terms with life as it is,and
24、 not as the happiness industry tells us it couldbe,will make us happier,and we will feel more at peace with ourselves and with theworld.Unfortunately,the devil always has thn best tunes.7.Which of the following statements will the writer probably agree?A.Happiness is a goal that can be achieved.B.Ha
25、ppiness is an idea created by human being.C.Popular culture helps discover the secrets of happiness.D.Happiness enables people to fight against our survival dangers.8.Whats the writers attitude towards positive thinking industry?A.Disapproving.B.Supportive.C.Sympathetic.D.I ndifferent.9.What does th
26、e writer mean by saying the devil always has the best tunes in lastparagraph?A.Happiness industry has strong influence on people.B.People begin to accept that life is full of challenge.C.Reducing suffering can guarantee lite-long happiness.D.Unhappiness will not necessarily dominate peoples life.10.
27、What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Happiness in Suffering B.The Pursuit of HappinessC.The Happiness Fantasy D.Happiness Chasing I ndustryI n gardens across Britain the grass has stopped growing.(1)I n fact,they are greener and tidierthan before.That is because the lawns are actually artific
28、ial made from plastic.(2)Country estates have long competed to have the most perfectly cut grassland.What youresaying in big loud capital letters,is*Fm so wealthy,says Fiona Davison of the RoyalHorticultural Society(RHS),a society for eco-gardeners.With the coming of the grass-cuttingmachines in 183
29、0,the middle classes joined the fun.But now Britons have fallen in love with artificial grass.Evergreens UK,which sells thestuff,says it has seen a 120%rise in sales since 2015.Grass Direct reports they are up by 50%this year.(3)These match different regions：Scottish turf(草 皮)is darker than Cornish
30、turf.Artificial grass is popular with families who have children or dogs and dont want mud pulledbehind through their houses.lt has an attractive factor,too.Andy Driver of Evergreens UK sayspeople now see gardens as outside rooms-pairing carpets of artificial grass withcomfortable seating.Not everyo
31、ne is a fan.(4)A study finds earthworms(蚯 蚓)gain 14%less body weight whenoperating under artificial grass.That might not be a problem lor its fans,as worm holes are aregular headache,but it upsets green types.Extinction Rebellion dug up artificial grass outside achurch in Harrogate in protest.Three
32、protestors have tried to stop artificial grass spreading.(5)The RHS is concerned aboutartificial grass,bul prefers persuasion to law-making.A.Britons are fascinated by lawns.B.They are not lacking water or drought-stricken.C.These eco-gardeners are more likely to be environmentalists.D.Betap,a Dutch
33、 firm,has recently launched its first British designs.E.Man-made grasses contain microplastics that ruin soil and risk flooding.F.Wildlife-loving gardeners are growing,many preferring to catch the insects.G.The government says restricting what people do in their backyards is wrong.11.A.AB.BG.GC.CD.D
34、E.EF.F12.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G13.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G第4页，共16页14.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G15.A.AB.B C.CEF.FG.GD.D E.British Cycling had recently hired Dave Brailsford as its new director.At the tim,professionalcyclists in Great Britain had(16)nearly one hundred years of mediocrity(平庸).I n fact,their(17)
35、had been so poor that one of the top bike companies in Europe(18)to sell bikes to the teambecause they were afraid that it would hurt sales if other professionals saw the British peopleusing their bikes.What made Brailsford different from previous coaches was his(19)of searching for a tinyimprovemen
36、t in everything they do.The whole principle came from the idea that if you(20)everything you could think of that goes into riding a bike,improve it by 1 percent and you willget a(21)increase when you put them all together.Brailsford and his coaches began by making small(22).They redesigned the bike
37、seats to makethem more(23).They asked riders to wear electrically heated over-shorts to(24)ideal muscletemperature while riding and used biofeedback sensors to(25)how each athlete responded to aparticular workout.But they didnt stop there.They(26)to find 1 percent improvements in overlooked areas.Th
38、eyhired a(n)(27)to teach each rider the best way to wash their hands to reduce the(28)ofcatching a cold.They even painted the(29)of the team truck white,which helped them(3O)littlebits of dust that would normally slip by(3i)but could affect the performance of the(32)tunedbikes.As these and hundreds
39、of other small improvements were(33),the results came faster thananyone could have(34).Just five years after Brailsford took over,they(35)the road and trackcycling events in all the important Games.16.A.lostB.enjoyedC.showedD.suffered17.A.scoreB.trackC.performanceD.model18.A.failedB.refusedC.expecte
40、dD.pretended19.A.promiseB.opinionC.dreamD.philosophy20.A.broke downB.took downC.put upD.gave away21.A.flexibleB.temporaryC.significantD.random22.A.differencesB.adjustmentsC.programsD.efforts23.A.attractiveB.emptyC.softD.comfortable24.A.maintainB.raiseC.reduceD.discover25.A.changeB.monitorC.manageD.p
41、roduce26.A.continuedB.happenedC.learnedD.bothered27.A.coachB.secretaryC.assistantD.surgeon28.A.sessionsB.chancesC.recordsD.reactions29.A.tyresB.roofC.insideD.seats30.A.gatherB.recognizeC.spotD.send31.A.surroundedB.unnoticedC.removedD.discovered32.A.finelyB.initiallyC.slightlyD.positively33.A.took of
42、fB.picked upC.built upD.got off34.A.achievedB.rememberedC.mentionedD.imagined35.A.dominatedB.witnessedC.celebratedD.attended36.Fuzhou,capital of southeastern Fujian province,rarely features on travel plans for peoplecoming to China.However,it deserves a place on(1)(traveler)maps,as it hasan excellen
43、t place for explorers,cultural enthusiasts and fbodies,and it also(2)(offer)a unique glimpse(一瞥)into another side of a more real China off the beatentourist track.Fuzhou locals represent the southern Chinese mentality of openness and friendliness sothey will be happy(3)(give)you a warm welcome.And a
44、s temperatures canreach up to 20 even in January,Fuzhou is a perfect place for a winter destination fromChinas cold north.(4)(locate)on the banks of the Min River and right across from Taiwan onthe East China Sea,Fuzhou is in many ways the perfect example of the southern Chinesecapital.Next(5)the li
45、vely and busy local streets of the inner city you get seaviews,mountains(6)historical sites,but also some of the(7)(delicious)food in all of China and a night life full of energy.(8)place,with its marvelousgreen parks and gardens,also(9)(know)as the City of Banyans,because ofthe numerous banyan tree
46、s planted there since the Song Dynasty.I f you are looking toescape the noisy urban life,Fuzhou offers a wide range of places for(10)(relax)and adventure.37.假定你是李华，上周六你校举办了服务社区的志愿者活动，请你自拟标题为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1.参加人员；2.活动内容：陪护老人、健康宣讲；3.活动的意义。注意：1.词数8 0 左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。38.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事
47、。Wrapping paper flew everywhere as Cali opened her gift.The box had a picture of a prettygirLShe was wearing white ice skates and turning around a frozen pond.Cali looked up at her aunt and uncle with her big brown eyes.Figure skates?WowJHownice of you!But,the little girl hesitated,1,but I dont know
48、 how to skate.n She looked第6 页，共 16页embarrassed.nDont worry,said Aunt Lisa.Thats the fun part learning how to do it!uThats right,1 said Uncle George.nWe will take you to the ice rink（冰场）and all goskating together.I dont know-1 said Cali.She wasnt too sure she was going to be able to do it.Sometimess
49、he had a hard time learning new things.She looked again at the happy girl on the box.ltdid look like fun.Cali imagined herself moving and turning on the ice like a real figureskater.Okay,“she agreed.Lets do it!”The next day Cali went to the skating rink with her aunt and uncle.Her eyes twinkled andh
50、er face lit up with excitement as she looked at the other skaters around her.She sat downon the bench and slipped her feet into the skates.Holding the strings in her fingers,shecould not figure out how to tie them up.nI dont know how to do it,she said.She felt sadthat this was another thing she coul