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1、2022年高三年级期初调研检测英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第 一 部 分 听 力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选
2、出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What will the man do?A.Head for lunch.B.Meet the manager.C.Lend a hand.2.Where are probably the speakers?A.In a kitchen.B.In a restaurant.C.In a supermarket.3.Why was Jenny absent from school?A.She was ill.B.She overslept.C.She had to look after her
3、mother.4.What are the speakers talking about?A.A holiday plan.B.The mans relatives.C.The mans invitation.5.How does the woman sound?A.Helpful.B.Grateful.C.Anxious.第二节（共 15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间
4、。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6 段材料，回答第6、7 题。6.What is the woman dissatisfied with about the red sweater?A.The price.B.The style.C.The material.7.What is the woman likely to do next?A.Go to another store.B.Try on the green dress.C.Buy the pink dress.听第7 段材料，回答第8、9 题。8.What kind of room does the man prefer?A.A doubl
5、e room.B.A single room.C.A suite.9.What is the mans requirement for the room?A.It has beautiful scenery.B.It is on the lower floor.C.It is smoke-free.听第8 段材料，回答第10至 12题。10.What does the man ask the woman about?A.Her work schedule.B.Her hotel information.C.Her flight number.11.What will the woman do
6、on October 12th?A.Visit some factories.B.Have a conference.C.Sign a contract.12.Where is the woman now?A.In Milan.B.In Venice.C.In Sao Paulo.听第9 段材料，回答第13至 16题。13.Where does the conversation take place?A.At an airport.B.On a plane.C.In a taxi.14.What does the man think of the woman?A.She is warm-hea
7、rted.B.She is modest.C.She is knowledgeable.15.What is the man going to do next?A.Visit Los Angeles.B.Pick up his baggage.C.Catch his flight.16.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Family members.B.Close friends.C.Fellow passengers.听第10段材料，回答第17至 20题。17.What is the main purpose o
8、f the talk?A.To share some useful apps.B.To show the power of sound.C.To explain the causes of hearing loss.18.What can users hear at A Soft Murmur?A.Ocean noises.B.White noise.C.Water,field and forest noises.19.Who is probably Robert?A.A reporter.B.A user.C.An ear specialist.20.What does Robert say
9、 about the device?A.Ifs affordable.B.It*s convenient.C.It*s enjoyable.第二部分 阅 读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共 15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACommunity colleges offer low tuition,job-specific training and other benefits.Whether youre a high schoolstudent unsure of which colleges to apply to
10、or someone considering going back to school,there are plenty of reasonsto put community colleges on your list.Lower CostsThe most frequently cited benefit of community colleges is the relatively low cost of attendance.According todata from the College Board,community colleges cost,on average,about o
11、ne-third of in-state tuition at four-yearpublic universities.A Path to a Four-year CollegeMany four-year universities have transfer agreements with local community colleges.These agreements allowstudents who complete specific requirements to easily transfer into a four-year program at a nearby unive
12、rsity.Transfer students can then earn a bachelors degree while only having to pay two years of higher tuition.FlexibilityCommunity colleges allow for flexible scheduling,making them a particularly good option for older studentswho are working professionals or parents.Many community colleges also all
13、ow high school students to takecollege-level courses during evenings or weekends.Workforce TrainingCommunity colleges tend to offer a wide range of career and technical education programs in fields like nursingor firefighting.The highly applied nature of these programs prepares students fbr entering
14、 the workforce.Fromculinary（烹饪）arts to automobile mechanics,community colleges offer a broad selection of professionalizedcoursework that four-year universities often do not.1.Who are most likely to attend community colleges?A.High school students facing college choices.B.Adults planning to work at
15、high schools.C.College students anxious to improve themselves.D.Professionals eager for college-level courses.2.Which is thought to be the biggest advantage of community colleges?A.Lower Costs.B.A Path to a Four-year College.C.Flexibility.D.Workforce Training.3.Which of the following can best descri
16、be the workforce training programs?A.Interesting.B.Time-consuming.C.Practical.D.Demanding.【答案】l.A 2.A 3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是把社区大学列入申请名单的几条理由。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的 a Whether youre a high school student unsure of which colleges to apply to orsomeone considering going back to school,there are plenty of
17、 reasons to put community colleges on your list.（无论你是一个不确定要申请哪所大学的高中生，还是一个考虑重返校园的人，有很多理由把社区大学列入你的名单。）”可知，最有可能上社区大学的是面临大学选择的高中生，故选A。2 题详解】细节理解题。根据 Lower Costs 部分的“The most frequently cited benefit of community colleges is the relativelylow cost of attendance.（最常被提及的社区大学的好处是入学成本相对较低。）”可知，社区大学最大的优势是更低的
18、成本，故选A。【3 题详解】推理判断题。根据 Workforce Training 部分的Community colleges tend to offer a wide range of career andtechnical education programs in fields like nursing or firefighting.The highly applied nature of these programsprepares students for entering the workforce.（社区大学倾向于提供广泛的职业和技术教育课程，如护理或消防等领域。这些课程的高应
19、用性为学生进入职场做好了准备。）”可知，劳动力培训计划是实用的，故选C。BValerie Bolduc is exploring a path under a four-lane highway to fit wildlife cameras,when she gets stuck in themud.I am really stuck,“says the road ecology student,trying to pull her feet out of a streambed that travels throughthe concrete culvert（涵洞）of Quebec Ro
20、ute 117.“I do not want to be a deer going through that.”Bolducs dilemma makes evident the risks for wild animals using the same path.A warming climate is pushing many animals to migrate toward higher latitudes（纬度）to remain within theirdesirable environments,but that comes with risks as they cross da
21、ngerous areas,such as highways.In eastern Canada,Bolduc and other researchers and conservationists are trying to preserve safe corridors（走廊）for wildlife.The motion-activated cameras they have brought will record which species are using the tunnels.Anoutward-facing camera will identify what animals a
22、pproach but do not enter,perhaps prevented by traffic noise,thetunnefs size or other factors.Bolduc explains that this highway running through southern Quebec separates a series of Canadian national andregional parks on either side,along with their animal populations.uIfs super important,she notes,b
23、ecause theanimals want to move north and they encounter these and then can they move through?Will they get hit by a car?WeH need to figure that out.And we need to help them,at least I want to help them.”After finishing fitting their cameras on the northbound side of the highway,Bolduc and her team d
24、ecide theyneed an alternate path to the other side to avoid another misfortune in the mud.Were generally trying to be safe/*Bolduc says,“but for the animals,this is their life!,4.What can we learn from Bolducs experience of being trapped?A.It is difficult to fit wildlife cameras.B.She is out of luck
25、 during the exploration.C.Road conditions of the highway are unexpected.D.It is dangerous for wild animals to cross this area.5.What do these animals move to higher latitudes for?A.Less traffic noise.B.Wanner climate.C.Safe corridors.D.Favorable environments.6.What function is expected of the wildli
26、fe cameras?A.lb record the changes in traffic flow.B.To figure out difficulties wild animals face.C.To track animals in and around the tunnels.D.lb photograph the living environment of wild animals.7.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.High Tech Protects WildlifeB.Animal Migr
27、ation Is under ThreatC.Ecologists Fear the Future of WildlifeD.Researchers Seek Paths for Animals to Migrate【答 案】4.D 5.D 6.C 7.D【解 析】【导 语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主 要 讲 的 是Valerie Bolduc及其他研究人员通过安装动态摄像机为动物迁徙寻找路径。【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Bolducs dilemina makes evident the risks for wild animals using the samepath.（Boldu
28、c的两难处境清楚地说明了野生动物走同一条路的风险。）”可知，我们能从博尔达克被困的经历中学到野生动物穿过这个地区是危险的。故选D。【5 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“A warming climate is pushing many animals to migrate toward higher latitudes toremain within their desirable environments,but that comes with risks as they cross dangerous areas,such ashighways.（气候变暖正迫使许多动物向高纬度地区迁徙，
29、以留在它们理想的环境中，但这也伴随着风险，因为它们要穿过危险的地区，比如高速公路。）”可知，这些动物迁移到高纬度地区是为了有利的环境。故选Do【6 题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“The motion-activated cameras they have brought will record which species areusing the tunnels.An outward-facing camera will identify what animals approach but do not enter,perhapsprevented by traffic noise,the
30、tunnefs size or other factors.（他们带来的动态摄像机将记录哪些物种正在使用隧道。一个朝外的摄像头将识别哪些动物靠近但没有进入，也许是因为交通噪音、隧道大小或其他因素。）”可知，野生动物摄像机的功能是用来追踪隧道内外的动物。故选C。【7 题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的Valerie Bolduc is exploring a path under a four-lane highway to fitwildlife cameras,when she gets stuck in the mud.（瓦莱丽 博尔达克正在四车道高速公路下探索一条小路，以便安装
31、野生动物摄像机，这时她被困在了泥里。）”和第三段的uIn eastern Canada,Bolduc and otherresearchers and conservationists are trying to preserve safe corridors for wildlife.（在加拿大东部，Bolduc 和其他研究人员以及自然资源保护主义者正在努力为野生动物保护安全的走廊。）”可知，本文主要讲的是ValerieBolduc及其他研究人员通过安装动态摄像机为动物迁徙寻找路径，因此最好的题目是D 选 项“ResearchersSeek Paths for Animals to Migr
32、ate（研究人员为动物迁徙寻找路径）”，故选D。CCovered in lush fur,the thickest in the animal kingdom,sea otters（海獭）can live their entire lives in the ocean,feeding heavily upon seafloor animals such as shellfish.They are often seen to eat clams（蛤）,which bury themselvesin meadows of eelgrass（大叶藻场），a wide-ranging plant sp
33、ecies growing in water.Eelgrass meadows where seaotters dig for clams become partly bare,which is commonly a concern for ecologists.As it turns out,the meadows with otters are healthier,with more eelgrass,according to a new study published inScience.Thats because by gently disturbing the seabed,the
34、otters make the plants flower and produce seeds.Whatsmore,their digging provides more space and sunlight for seeds to settle and grow.The enhanced genetic diversitycaused by sea otters could make eelgrass more adaptable to present and future threats.The finding is a powerful example of how animals s
35、uch as otters influence their ecosystems beyond predation（捕食），often in unseen and little-known ways,says study leader Erin Foster,a research associate at the HakaiInstitute.It also means sea otters,an endangered species,are vital to their environments and give eelgrass,which is indanger worldwide,a
36、better chance at staying healthy and surviving.Seagrass habitats are also important for many fish,providing food for animals,absorbing,and filtering harmfulpollution and bacteria from the water.Genetic diversity typically strengthens the adaptability of species,andconsidering the challenges were fac
37、ing.this will be important for eelgrass meadows,and from this aspect,theimpact the otters are having deserves our lasting concern,says Foster.8.What do we know about sea otters?A.They live part of their lives underwater.B.They mainly feed on sea animals like fish.C.They eat clams beneath eelgrass me
38、adows.D.They become a new concern for ecologists.9.How does the author develop paragraph 2?A.By giving opinions.B.By presenting reasons.C.By clarifying concepts.D.By comparing results.10.Why does the author mention the endangered condition of eelgrass?A.To provide examples of sea otters*predation.B.
39、To show the urgency to protect the environment.C.To highlight the role of otters in their ecosystems.D.To warn against the potential risk of climate change.11.What does Foster think of the impact otters have on underwater meadows?A.Overestimated.B.Noteworthy.C.Temporary.D.Unpredictable.【答案】8.C 9.B 1
40、0.C 11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述海獭，一种濒危物种，对它们的环境至关重要，并给全世界处于危险中的鳗草提供了更好的保持健康和生存的机会。【8 题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段 They are often seen to eat clams,which bury themselves in meadows of eelgrass,awide-ranging plant species growing in water.（人们经常看至它们吃蛤蛆1,蛤蝌把自己埋在鳗草草甸中，鳗草是一种广泛生长在水中的植物。）”可知，海獭吃在鳗草下面的蛤蝌。故选C 项。【9 题详解】推理判
41、断题。由文章第二段“As it turns out,the meadows with otters are healthier,with more eelgrass,accordingto a new study published in Science.Thats because by gently disturbing the seabed,the otters make the plantsflower and produce seeds.Whats more,their digging provides more space and sunlight fbr seeds to sett
42、le and grow.The enhanced genetic diversity caused by sea otters could make eelgrass more adaptable to present and futurethreats.（根据发表在 科学上的一项新研究，事实证明，有水獭的草地更健康，有更多的鳗草。这是因为水獭通过轻轻搅动海床，使植物开花并产生种子。更重要的是，他们的挖掘为种子的定居和生长提供了更多的空间和阳光。海獭导致的遗传多样性增强可能使鳗草更适应当前和未来的威胁。）”可知，文章第二段先给出结论 As it turns out,the meadows wi
43、th otters are healthier,with more eelgrass,后面再说明原因，所以第二段是通过给原因来论证的。故选B 项。【10题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段”】t also means sea otters,an endangered species,are vital to their environments andgive eelgrass,which is in danger worldwide,a better chance at staying healthy and surviving.（这也意味着海獭，一种濒危物种，对它们的环境至关重要，并给全世界处
44、于危险中的鳗草提供了更好的保持健康和生存的机会可知，作者提到濒危的鳗草是为了突出海獭对生态系统的作用。故选C 项。【11题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段Genetic diversity typically strengthens the adaptability of species,andconsidering the challenges weYe facing.this will be important fbr eelgrass meadows,and from this aspect,theimpact the otters are having deserves our las
45、ting concern,*says Foster.（Foster 说：“基因多样性通常会增强物种的适应性，考虑到我们面临的挑战这对鳗草草地非常重要，从这个角度来看，海獭的影响值得我们长期关注。）”可知，Foster对海獭是水草的影响是值得我们长期关注的。A.Overestimated高估的；B.Noteworthy值得关注的；C.Temporary短暂的；D.Unpredictable不可预知的。故选B 项。DWinter may be seen as the time to fill up with comfort food,but in fact,the sunny summer mon
46、ths are when meneat more calories-unlike women.The effect may occur because sunlight makes the skin release anappetite-stimulating hormone called ghrelin（tJL饿激素）J says Carmit Levy at Tel Aviv University.Levy and her team noticed the unexpected effect in experiments in mice that investigated mechanis
47、ms（机制）behind skin cancer,in which male animals exposed to UV light ate more food.To see if humans do the same,theresearchers used existing data on 3,000 people who had filled in dietary questionnaires as part of the governmentsregular national health and nutrition survey.Between March and September,
48、men consumed about 17 percent morecalories per day than they did during the rest of the year while womens food intake stayed about the same.Human appetite is influenced by many systems,but ghrelin seems to be the only hormone that directlystimulates eating.It was thought to be mainly secreted by the
49、 stomach when empty.It tells the brain to eat more Jsays Caroline Gorvin at the University of Birmingham.Further investigation revealed that exposing male mice to UVB radiation raised levels of ghrelin secretion by fatcells in their skin.Boosted levels of ghrelin were also seen in skin samples that
50、were taken from men and exposed toUV light in the lab.Gorvin says the skin hadnt previously been thought to play a role in appetite.fctIf ifs real,itsquite exciting and we should spare no efforts to get to the bottom,she says.Il is unclear why the effect happens,but it may be an adaptive response to