《商务英语 BEC写作(超详细讲义).pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《商务英语 BEC写作(超详细讲义).pdf（48页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、BEC初级写作第一课时BEC写作概述BEC写作简介：写作考试与阅读共同进行，建议占用30分钟，写作分数占总成绩的25%。l 写作目的与要求1 Can make notes that are useful to both him/herself and to colleagues.2 Can write most letters he/she is likely to be asked to do;such etrnrn as occur will not prevent understanding of the message.更多的报名信息和成绩查询方法诸上网了解：yY教育部考试中心2 测试
2、范围与选材l、身份介绍(PersonalIdentification)2、工作环境与日常事务(Theoffice,general business,environment and routine)3、接待与闲暇活动(Entertainmentof clients,free time,relationships with colleagues and clients)4、商务旅行(Travel)5、健康(Health)6、购买与销售(Buyingand seJling)7、公司结构、系统及程序(Companystructures,systems,processes)8、产品与服务(Product
3、sand services)9、成果与成就(Resultsand achievements)其外，还会涉及其他的一般商务话题(Businessissues)。3 测试题型分析BEC初级考试写作部分的试题包括两项内容：第一项要求写一则3040词的尚务便函或商务便条；第二项要求写一篇6080词的商务书信或商务报告。下表是剑桥ESOL提供的考试说明列出的BEC初级考试写作部分的试题种类和格式。I Functions/Communicative Task II Input Writing a note,message,memo or e-mail,for Rubric only example to
4、plus layout of(re-)arrange appointments,ask for permission output text or give instructions type 2 Writing a letter,fax or e-mail,for example to One piece of apologise and offer compensation,n咄eor input which alter reservations,deal with rec1uests,or give may be information about a product business
5、correspondence(the medium may be a letter,fax or e-mail),internal communication(the medium may be a note,memo or e-mail),notice,advert.etc.(plus layout of output text type,unless a letter)题型：1.商务便条、便函类；2.商务书信类注意：BEC不是单纯的英语考试，也不是考察商务知识。对策：学习、模仿高水平的论文例题：II Response Registe r Internal co1nnmnication 30
6、-40 words Business Neutral/cotTespondence(the f0t1叫medium may be a letter,fax or e-mail)60-80 words Part One You have to organise an urgent meeting at 9am tomorrow with aU the staff from your department.Write an email to the staff:saying when the meeting will be telling them where the meeting will b
7、e explaining what the meeting will be about Write about 30-40 words on your Answer Sheet.I1-蠹晒l-,l 0 Send I Ql Save Draft I Iii Attach.I i I丘Tools.l区CancelTo:匣affFavorite Contacts Cc:Bcc:Subject:urgent meeting notice 丛屯屯IParagraph Font Style Font Size于ID I!:I匡夸毛1枉拦幸圭I一心I少Al，令，Show All Edit F 注意区分英式拼
8、写和美式拼写，BEC两者都接受。英美语言书马上还有其他区别，比如日期表达、个别词义等。注意时间的正确表达方法。如nineam,9:00am,15 oclock等为错误用法。注意题目当中有需要自已发挥的内容点。相关词汇f meeting semmar conterence convention lecture,senlin扛，tutorialreserve,book conference organiser,hotel,conference centre conference facilities:laser/inkjet printer,projector(Barco),photocopier
9、(Xerox),telephone,fax machine,scanner,computer,internet connections catering:dinner,buffet,tea 使函便条类题目的结构Input:situation description Task:memo,note,email content points Write:internal message(30-40 words)注意：格式；发挥部分要确切评分标准Task 1 全部完成大体要求，包含所有内容点，阅读不费力。很好完成答题要求，包含所有内容点，阅读衙要一些努力。答题令人满意，包含两条内容点一条内容点也没能完
10、成，和（或）有明显的遗漏或不相关内容不能完成任务；没有提到内容点，内容儿乎不相关，可能误解题目要求。没有相关的回答或表达方式单一，不能给分注意：content;accuracy;conciseness 商务书信类分数5 4 3 2 1。这一题型要求考生根据所提供的短文，如书信、传真、便函、留言条（电话留言条）等，起草一封书信，字数要求达到120140词左右。题目结构：Input:1 situation description 2 task 3 target reader Reading:texts in note,letter,fax,memo+content points(handwritt
11、en notes;second letter)Write:business letter(60-80 words)注意字数问题例题Part Two Read this part of a letter from John Biggs,who is the president of a business club As President of the Clifton Business Club,I would like to invite you to speak at our annual dinner on 5 July.The dinner which starts at 7.30pm,
12、will be held at the Mayflower Restaurant,Clifton.I hope that you are able to accept the invitation and would be grateful if you could give me the subject of your talk,so that I can include it on the invitations to our members.I look forward to receiving your reply as soon as possible.Write a letter
13、to Mr Biggs:accepting the invitation telling him the subject of your talk asking how long the talk should be enquiring whether accommodation will be arranged for you.W1ite 60-80 words on your Answer Sheet.Do not include postal ad由esses.注意：l适当发挥2不要跑题3目标读者4不要抄袭三种对策：a换句型e.g.This rule-There are the ntle
14、（肯定句变否定句）b换同义词e.g.The put forward by these two authors are 1!砰釭!ythe same.The业expressedby the two writers are!11?-c改词性e.g.The English language has had a major impact on developing other world languages Other world languages have been greatly affected by the English language in their developments.第二课
15、时BEC写作的语言、语法评分标准：级别Task 2 5 全部完成答题要求.包含全部4个内容点。.语言自信和有强烈的表达愿望；由千强烈愿望和没有阻碍而错误较少.多样化的语言结构和丰富的词汇址。.有效地组织，适当的使用一些简单的连接方式。.语域和格式完全适当。给读者的印象极仕。4 较好的完成答题要求.包含3或4条内容点。.有使用语言的强烈愿望；一些没有妨碍的错误。.结构和词汇范围超过要求。.人体上组织较好，注意前后呼应。.语域和格式总体来说适当。给读者的印象良好。3 尚能达到答题要求.包含3条内容点。.出现一些错误，但不妨碍交流。.结构和词汇掌握范围适度。.组织和连贯性总体上令人满意。.语域和格式
16、尚可，虽然并不完全成功。给读者满意的印象。2 不能完全达到答题要求.包含了2或3条内容点。.大量错误，有时妨碍交流。.结构、词汇掌握范围有限。.内容条理不沽、不连贯，造成理解困难。给读者的印象不佳。l 未能达到答题要求.包含1或2条内容点。.严重不规范，经常出现基本错误。.题目要求的结构和词汇几乎没有提到。.缺乏组织，造成交流失败。.几乎没有使用适当的语域和格式。给读者的印象极差。什么要求也没完成。字数少千所需字数的25%，或是完全不能辨认或是完全不切题。分数9或10分7或8分5或6分3或4分1或2分0分评分五个方面：l content 2 language 3 structure&vocab
17、ulary 4 organisation 5 register 展开论述上面的5个方面1内容的完整性2语言6C原则1.准确(correctness)包括四层意义，即 阅读人能理解、接受的英语水平；使用精确措词，传达准确信息；正确地使用语法和标点符号；拼写正确。(1)恰当的语言风格请比较下面两组例词：Formal approximately inquire ascertain obtain assist participate construct purchase contribute sufficient difficult utilize(2)准确的措词和信息Informal About A
18、sk find out receive help share build buy 已!IVe enough hard use 下面列出的是一系列极易混淆的单词及词组，诸注意区分：a lot/allot all right/alright cannot/can not different from/different than.due to I because of effect/affect fewer I less lie/lay principal/principle that/which their/them/they re wait for/wait on who I whom(3)正
19、确的语法和标点符号2.清楚(Clarity)(1)逻辑布局(LogicalOrganization)常用的逻辑布局方法包括：CD因果关系(Cause&Effect)时间顺序(ChronologicalDevelopment)序列顺序(SequentialDevelopment)比较(Comparison)一般到特殊(FromGeneral to Specific)特殊到一般(FromSpec币cto General)(2)合理构架句群与段落(Well-WrittenSentences&Paragraphs)例句：修改前：MarshallCorporation was founded forty
20、 yeai-s ago,and it now has branch offices in four states,and it employs nearly 400 individuals.修改后：MarshallCorporation was founded forty years ago.With branch offices in four states,it now employs nearly 400 individuals.(3)统一性与一致性(Unityand Coherence)(4)强调(Emphasis)CD位臂重复数量技巧(5)将句中关系紧密的词尽量靠近。比较下面三对句子
21、：A.They bought a bicycle in Beijing in a small shop which costs$25.00.They bought a bicycle for$25.00 in a small shop in Beijing.B.He was warned not to d1ink water even in a restaurant which had not been boiled.He was warned not to drink water which had not been boiled.C.Those who work rapidly get i
22、ll in these conditions.Those who work in these conditions rapidly get ill.(6)避免在同一个句子中使用意义不同的同一个字。We shall take a firm line with the firm.We shall take a strong line with the film.3.简洁(Conciseness)A.We have begun to export our machjne.We have begun to our machines.B.In the event that you speak to Mr
23、.Wood to production,ask him to give consideration to the delivery schedule.If you speak to Mr.Wood ill2Q.!production,ask him to consider the delivery schedule C.We require furniture e.We require.(1)使用简洁的语言(Usesimple language)尽量使用please prefer because 避免使用will you be good enough to express a preferen
24、ce for for the reason that(2)少用陈词滥调(Omittrite expressions)as the case may be it has come to my attention at an early age avail yourself of this opportunity previous to crack of dawn pursuant to your request take the Ii berry to due to the fact that thai止ingyou in advance enclosed herein this is to i
25、nform you under separate cover with kindest regards I wish to state(3)避免冗长的表达方式和不必要的重复(avoidwordy expressions&unnecessary repetition)。Wordy Concise I.We would like to 2.For the month of August 3.Pursuant to the end of this week 4.A long period of time 5.At this time 6.ls at this time 7.The weight wa
26、s higher than 8.J expected it to be please for August now a long time now is the weight was greater than expected 9.During the year of 1995 10.For the development of 11.In the city of Dallas 12.The problem was that the car would not start 13.Square in shape 14.in accordance with your request 15.Sign
27、 on the front of this form 16.During the time that 17.Consensus of opinion 18.Remember the fact that 19,Held a meeting 20.this is the situation at this time during 1995 for developing in Dallas the car would not start square you requested sign this form while we agree remember met now(4)删改无关紧要的成份(Re
28、moveunneeded facts)A.this is the best we can do,B.we enclose a catalogue.C.we have received your invoice.I.as soon as possible by July I 0 2.as you indicated in your letter as you in山cated3.at all times always 4.at tllis time 5.continue to utilize the old form until such time as the new form is avai
29、lable 6.despite the fact that 7.for the month of Apiil 8.for obvious reason that 9.I would ask that you IO.in conjunction with 11.in the mere recent past 12.in the unlikely event that 13.in the unlikely event that I am unable to be on time,please delay the meeting 14.in view of the fact that 15.it w
30、ill be greatly appreciated if you 16.our production of the new product will commence on July 1 17.please be advised that we expect you to review the enclosed contract(5)多使用主动语态的句子结构以明确表达意思。now start using the new fo1m on Febrnary despite for April because please with recently if ifl am late,please d
31、elay the meeting because please production will begin on July l please review the contract Payment of their accounts will be made by John sons next week.Johnsons will pay their accounts next week.4.具体(Concreteness)(l)尽可能地提供明确、具体的信息。A.These brakes can stop a car within a short distance.These Goodson
32、power brakes can stop a 2-ton car within 24 feet.B.We hope the equipment will be delivered to our company as soon as possible.Please deliver the equipment to our company before next Friday C.She is a fast typist.She types at the fast rate of 85 words per minute.(2)使用具体词汇A.We have no hesitation in ad
33、vising you.We advise you.B.The preparation of new price scale is in hand.New price scales are being prepared this week.C.Due to the unusual nature of the request,.As the request is unusual,.a great deal of time,bad,Jarge,good,small,around,old,convenient,young,little,majority,minority,most,less 5.完整(
34、Completeness)自查：谁(Who)？什么(What)？什么时候(When)？在哪里(Where)？为什么(1/hy)？怎么样(How)?6.礼貌(Courtesy)例如：Dear Mrs.Walters,Because you delayed so long in your response,Model GSF is off stock.If you are interested,we have some sitnilar models on hand Yours truly,修改：Dear Mrs.Walters If l had known your needs before M
35、ay 20,I could have shipped Model GSP immediately However,the spring sale drained our stock.The Model GSK,a si1nilar instrument,is in stock,and you could have it at the same price as the GSF.It normally sells for$10,000 mo芘wewill ship it as soon as you give us the word(1)使用礼貌友好的词汇A.说叮hankyou，例如：Thank
36、 you for your letter of yesterday.Thank you for your prompt reply.Yours sincerely Thank you for helping us in this respect Thank you for your information.(2)体谅对方的写作态度(You-Attitude)Writer emphasis:We are shipping your order on Friday.Reader emphasis:You will receive your order by Monday,October I 0 W
37、riter emphasis:To reduce our costs,we are changing the billing system.Reader emphasis:To provide you with clear records,we are changing our b仆lingsystem Writer emphasis:I was pleased to hear that the project was completed.Reader emphasis:Congratulations on successfully completing the project Writer
38、emphasis:We regret that you closed your account with us a week ago.We believe that people may come back to our bank again sooner or later since we have a good credit among our customers.Reader emphasis:A week ago you closed your account with us.Whatever the reason,we a芘pleasedto have played some sma
39、ll part in your program.You are cor山allyinvited to use ourother services as occasion may require.(3)措辞得体(AppropriateWording)a.避免采用消极性的词汇或句式Negative Wording:Positive Wording:Negative Wording:Positive Wording:Negative Wording:Positive Wording:Negative Wording:Positive Wording:Negative Wording:Positive
40、 Wording:Negative Wording:Positive Wording:b有失礼貌的言词We deny your c困mThe office is closed after four Oclock,The office is open until four Oclock.When I received your complaint,I checked our records.When I received your Jett.er,l checked our records.Because you f扣ledto connect the cable,the picture was
41、 blurred.The picture was blurred because the V-2 cable was not connected to the terminal.You did not read my recent letter.Please refer to my June 10th letter.The Executive Board did not receive notification.Several members of the Executive Board inquired about the time of our December meeting.Will
42、you please send them a follow-up?Your letter was not clear,I would appreciate an outline of our marketing differences that you mentioned in your October 14th plaint We do not believe We are not sure We find it difficult to understand We expect We insist We are forced We take issue You forgot You neg
43、lected You failed to You nlisunderstood You must You should know You do not have You are delinquent You insist that You did not say Your ignoring Your credit refusal Your recent complaint Your failure to Your nlisunderstanding Your neglectful attitude Your disregard for Your insinuation Your lack of
44、 commun_ication Your delinquent account(4)避免使用有性别歧视之婕的词语A.用“pe岱on”代替第三人称单数。例如confusion contrary contnvance delinquent deny disagreeable exasperate failure ignorance impatience incompetent incredible inexcusable inference msmcere insinuate insulting intolerable irresponsible initated lack neglect obj
45、ection obnoxious offensive unbelievable uncooperative Instead of:Please share this report with your supervisor.He will find it int.eresting.Say:Please share this report with your supervisor,who will find it interesting B.有一些常用的商务英语词汇有性别歧视之嫌，应该稍加改变。Instead of Say Businessman business person Businessm
46、en employees Chairman chairperson Foremen supervisors Salesman sales representative/sales person Spokesman spokesperson Stockboy stock clerk Workman employee/worker(5)及时答复(TimelyResponse)例：Wewill examine your camera to determine the shutter-response problem and have it back to you w血nthree weeks,if
47、repairs axe needed,I will call you for approval to make the repairs.例：Mr.Smith is out of the office until the end of the month.I am sure he will be able to provide you with all of the information you requested when he returns.语法常见的词的语法形式错误主要表现在如下几个方面：l、名词（包括词组或矫语）单、复数变化名词的单、复数变化主要影响谓语数的形式，这是在短文写作中常见
48、的一种错误。例误：Manykinds of aircrafts were involved in the attack of the harbor.正：Manykinds of aircraft were involved in the attack of the harbor.分析：有些名词的单、复数相同。像这样的名词还有sheep,deer,fish,trout,means,Chinese,works（工厂）等。2、搭配错误词的搭配错误主要指名词、动词形容词与介词搭配错误。例误：Weaie paid in the month but they are paid in the day.千：W
49、eare paid by the month but they are paid by the day.分析：paysomebody by the month or by the day属固定搭配，意为”按月（按日）付酬。再如：Eggs are sold by the dozen.（鸡蛋论打卖）3、动词的语法错误动词的语法错误涉及动词的及物性和不及物性、动词的时态变化、动词的延时性和瞬时性、动词的同义性以及动词的语态特征等。例误：Theman dressing a black jacket is wearing a boy.正：Theman wearing a black jacket is
50、dressing a boy 分析：上面这句话不仅反映了动词的搭配关系，而且同时也反映了动词的延时性特征。Dress常用的结构是：bedressed in,dress oneself in和dresssomebody（给某人穿衣服），既可以表动作，也可以表状态。而wear一词只能表示状态，而不能表示动作。4、副词用法错误副词用法错误主要涉及到一些容易混淆的副词，例误：Hespent sometime working in the garden every day 正：Hespent some time working in the garden every day.分析：sometime是个副