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1、哈佛大学演讲 哈利.波特作者J.K罗琳President Faust,members of the H arvardC orporation and the Board of Overseers,members of the faculty,proud parents,and,aboveall,graduates,福斯特主席，哈佛公司和监察委员会的各位成员，各位老师、家长、全体毕业生们：The first thing I wou1d like to say is“thankyou.Not only has H arvard given me an extraordinaryhonor,but
2、the weeks of fear and nausea I ve enduredat the thought of giving this commencement address havemade me lose weight.A win-win situation!Now all I haveto do is take deep breaths,squint at the red bannersand convince myself that I am at the world s largestGryffindorsJ reunion.首先请允许我说一声谢谢。哈佛不仅给了我无上的荣誉，
3、连日来为这个演讲经受的恐惧和紧张，更令我减肥成功。这真是一个双赢的局面。现在我要做的就是深呼吸几下，眯着眼睛看看前面的大红横幅，安慰自己正在世界上最大的格兰芬多聚会上。Delivering a commencement address is a greatresponsibility;or so I thought until I cast my mindback to my own graduation.The commencement speakerthat day was the distinguished British philosopherBaroness Mary Warnock
4、.Reflecting on her speech hashelped me enormously in writing this one,because itturns out that I can t remember a single word she said.This liberating discovery enables me to proceed withoutany fear that I might inadvertently influence you toabandon promising careers in business,law or politicsfor t
5、he giddy delights of becoming a gay wizard.发表毕业演说是一个巨大的责任，至少在我回忆自己当年的毕业典礼前是这么认为的。那天做演讲的是英国著名的哲学家Baroness Mary Warnock,对她演讲的回忆，对我写今天的演讲稿，产生了极大的帮助，因为我不记得她说过的任何一句话了。这个发现让我释然，让我不再担心我可能会无意中影响你放弃在商业，法律或政治上的大好前途，转而醉心于成为一个快乐的魔法师。You see?If all you remember in years to come isthe gay wizard,joke,I ve still c
6、ome out ahead ofBaroness Mary Warnock.Achievable goals-the firststep to self-improvement.你们看，如果在若干年后你们还记得一快乐的魔法师II这个笑话，那就证明我已经超越了 Baroness MaryWarnocko建立可实现的目标这是提高自我的第一步。Actually,I have wracked my mind and heart for whatI ought to say to you today.I have asked myself whatI wish I had known at my own
7、 graduation,and whatimportant lessons I have learned in thel years that hasexpired between that day and this.实际上，我为今天应该和大家谈些什么绞尽了脑汁。我问自己什么是我希望早在毕业典礼上就该了解的，而从那时起到现在的1年间，我又得到了什么重要的启示。I have come up with two answers.On this wonderfulday when we are gathered together to celebrate youracademic success,I
8、have decided to talk to you aboutthe benefits of failure.And as you stand on thethreshold of what is sometimes called real life,I want to extol the crucial importance of imagination.我想到了两个答案。在这美好的一天，当我们一起庆祝你们取得学业成就的时刻，我希望告诉你们失败有什么样的益处；在你们即将迈向一现实生活II的道路之际，我还要褒扬想象力的重要性。These may seem quixotic or parad
9、oxical choices,but bear with me.这些似乎是不切实际或自相矛盾的选择，但请先容我讲完。Looking back at thel-year-old that I was atgraduation,is a slightly uncomfortable experience forthe2-year-old that she has become.H alf my lifetime ago,I was striking an uneasy balance between the ambitionI had for myself,and what those close
10、st to me expectedof me.回顾2 1岁刚刚毕业时的自己，对于今天4 2岁的我来说，是一个稍微不太舒服的经历。可以说，我人生的前一部分，一直挣扎在自己的雄心和身边的人对我的期望之间。I was convinced that the only thing I wanted todo,ever,was to write novels.H owever,my parents,bothof whom came from impoverished backgrounds and neitherof whom had been to college,took the view that
11、myoveractive imagination was an amusing personal quirkthat could never pay a mortgage,or secure a pension.我一直深信，自己唯一想做的事情，就是写小说。不过，我的父母，他们都来自贫穷的背景，没有任何一人上过大学，坚持认为我过度的想象力是一个令人惊讶的个人怪癖，根本不足以让我支付按揭，或者取得足够的养老金。I know the irony strikes like with the force ofa cartoon anvil now,but我现在明白反讽就像用卡通铁砧去打击你，但.They
12、 had hoped that I wou 1 d take a vocationaldegree;I wanted to study English Literature.A compromise was reached that in retrospectsatisfied nobody,and I went up to study ModernLanguages.H ardly had my parents car rounded thecorner at the end of the road than I ditched German andscuttled off down the
13、 C lassics corridor.他们希望我去拿个职业学位，而我想去攻读英国文学。最后，达成了一个双方都不甚满意的妥协：我改学现代语言。可是等到父母一走开，我立刻放弃了德语而报名学习古典文学。I cannot remember telling my parents that I wasstudying C lassics;they might well have found out forthe first time on graduation day.Of all the subjectson this planet,I think they would have been hard
14、putto name one less useful than Greek mythology when itcame to securing the keys to an executive bathroom.我不记得将这事告诉了父母，他们可能是在我毕业典礼那一天才发现的。我想，在全世界的所有专业中，他们也许认为，不会有比研究希腊神话更没用的专业了，根本无法换来一间独立宽敞的卫生间。I would like to make it clear,in parenthesis,thatI do not blame my parents for their point of view.Thereis
15、 an expiry date on blaming your parents for steeringyou in the wrong direction;the moment you are oldenough to take the wheel,responsibility lies with you.What is more,I cannot criticise my parents for hopingthat I would never experience poverty.They had beenpoor themselves,and I have since been poo
16、r,and I quiteagree with them that it is not an ennobling experience.Poverty entails fear,and stress,and sometimesdepression;it means a thousand petty humiliations andhardships.C limbing out of poverty by your own efforts,that is indeed something on which to pride yourself,but poverty itself is roman
17、ticized only by fools.我想澄清一下：我不会因为父母的观点，而责怪他们。埋怨父母给你指错方向是有一个时间段的。当你成长到可以控制自我方向的时候，你就要自己承担责任了。尤其是，我不会因为父母希望我不要过穷日子，而责怪他们。他们一直很贫穷，我后来也一度很穷，所以我很理解他们。贫穷并不是一种高贵的经历，它带来恐惧、压力、有时还有绝望，它意味着许许多多的羞辱和艰辛。靠自己的努力摆脱贫穷，确实可以引以自豪，但贫穷本身只有对傻瓜而言才是浪漫的。What I feared most for myself at your age was notpoverty,but failure.我在你
18、们这个年龄，最害怕的不是贫穷，而是失败。At your age,in spite of a distinct lack ofmotivation at university,where I had spent far too longin the coffee bar writing stories,and far too littletime at lectures,I had a knack for passing examinations,and that,for years,had been the measure of successin my life and that of my
19、 peers.我在您们这么大时，明显缺乏在大学学习的动力，我花了太久时间在咖啡吧写故事，而在课堂的时间却很少。我有一个通过考试的诀窍，并且数年间一直让我在大学生活和同龄人中不落人后。I am not dull enough to suppose that because youare young,gifted and well-educated,you have neverknown hardship or heartache.Talent and intelligencenever yet inoculated anyone against the caprice of theFates,a
20、nd I do not for a moment suppose that everyonehere has enjoyed an existence of unruffled privilegeand contentment.我不想愚蠢地假设，因为你们年轻、有天份，并且受过良好的教育，就从来没有遇到困难或心碎的时刻。拥有才华和智慧，从来不会使人对命运的反复无常有所准备；我也不会假设大家坐在这里冷静地满足于自身的优越感。H owever,the fact that you are graduating fromH arvard suggests that you are not very we
21、ll-acquaintedwith failure.You might be driven by a fear of failurequite as much as a desire for success.Indeed,yourconception of failure might not be too far from theaverage person,s idea of success,so high have youalready flown academically.相反，你们是哈佛毕业生的这个事实，意味着你们并不很了解失败。你们也许极其渴望成功，所以非常害怕失败。说实话，你们眼中
22、的失败，很可能就是普通人眼中的成功，毕竟你们在学业上已经达到很高的高度了。Ultimately,we all have to decide for ourselveswhat constitutes failure,but the world is quite eagerto give you a set of criteria if you let it.So I thinkit fair to say that by any conventional measure,a mereseven years after my graduation day,I had failed onan ep
23、ic scale.An exceptionally short-lived marriagehad imploded,and I was jobless,a lone parent,and aspoor as it is possible to be in modern Britain,withoutbeing homeless.The fears my parents had had for me,and that I had had for myself,had both come to pass,and by every usual standard,I was the biggest
24、failureI knew.最终，我们所有人都必须自己决定什么算作失败，但如果你愿意，世界是相当渴望给你一套标准的。所以我想很公平的讲，从任何传统的标准看，在我毕业仅仅七年后的日子里，我的失败达到了史诗般空前的规模：短命的婚姻闪电般地破裂，我又失业成了一个艰难的单身母亲。除了流浪汉,我是当代英国最穷的人之一，真的一无所有。当年父母和我自己对未来的担忧，现在都变成了现实。按照惯常的标准来看，我也是我所知道的最失败的人。Now,I am not going to stand here and tel 1 you thatfailure is fun.That period of my life w
25、as a dark one,and I had no idea that there was going to be what thepress has since represented as a kind of fairy taleresolution.I had no idea how far the tunnel extended,and for a long time,any light at the end of it was ahope rather than a reality.现在，我不打算站在这里告诉你们，失败是有趣的。那段日子是我生命中的黑暗岁月，我不知道它是否代表童话故
26、事里需要历经的磨难，更不知道自己还要在黑暗中走多久。很长一段时间里，前面留给我的只是希望，而不是现实。So why do I talk about the benefits of failure?Simply because failure meant a stripping away of theinessential.I stopped pretending to myself that I wasanything other than what I was,and began to direct allmy energy into finishing the only work that
27、 matteredto me.H ad I reallysucceeded at anything else,I might never havefound the determination to succeed in the one arena Ibelieved I truly belonged.I was set free,because mygreatest fear had been realised,and I was still alive,and I still had a daughter whom I adored,and I had anold typewriter a
28、nd a big idea.And so rock bottom becamethe solid foundation on which I rebuilt my life.那么为什么我要谈论失败的好处呢？因为失败意味着剥离掉那些不必要的东西。我因此不再伪装自己、远离自我,而重新开始把所有精力放在对我最重要的事情上。如果不是没有在其他领域成功过，我可能就不会找到，在一个我确信真正属于的舞台上取得成功的决心。我获得了自由，因为最害怕的虽然已经发生了，但我还活着，我仍然有一个我深爱的女儿，我还有一个旧打字机和一个很大的想法。所以困境的谷底，成为我重建生活的坚实基础。You might never
29、fail on the scale I did,but somefailure in life is inevitable.It is impossible to livewithout failing at something,unless you live socautiously that you might as well not have lived at all-in which case,you fail by default.你们可能永远没有达到我经历的那种失败程度，但有些失败，在生活中是不可避免的。生活不可能没有一点失败,除非你生活的万般小心，而那也意味着你没有真正在生活了。
30、无论怎样，有些失败还是注定地要发生。Failure gave me an inner security that I had neverattained by passing examinations.Fai lure taught methings about myself that I could have learned no otherway.I discovered that I had a strong will,and morediscipline than I had suspected;I also found out thatI had friends whose valu
31、e was truly above the price ofrubies.失败使我的内心产生一种安全感，这是我从考试中没有得到过的。失败让我看清自己，这也是我通过其他方式无法体会的。我发现，我比自己认为的，要有更强的意志和决心。我还发现，我拥有比宝石更加珍贵的朋友。The knowledge that you have emerged wiser andstronger from setbacks means that you are,ever after,secure in your ability to survive.You will never trulyknow yourself,o
32、r the strength of your relationships,until both have been tested by adversity.Suchknowledge is a true gift,for all that it is painfullywon,and it has been worth more to me than anyqualification I ever earned.从挫折中获得智慧、变得坚强，意味着你比以往任何时候都更有能力生存。只有在逆境来临的时候，你才会真正认识你自己，了解身边的人。这种了解是真正的财富，虽然是用痛苦换来的，但比我以前得到的任
33、何资格证书都有用。So given a Time Turner,I would tell myl-year-oldself that personal happiness lies in knowing that lifeis not a check-list of acquisition or achievement.Yourqualifications,your C V,are not your life,though youwill meet many people of my age and older who confusethe two.Life is difficult,and
34、complicated,and beyondanyone?s total control,and the humility to know thatwill enable you to survive its vicissitudes.如果给我一部时间机器，我会告诉21岁的自己，人的幸福在于知道生活不是一份漂亮的成绩单，你的资历、简历，都不是你的生活，虽然你会碰到很多与我同龄或更老一点的人今天依然还在混淆两者。生活是艰辛的，复杂的，超出任何人的控制能力，而谦恭地了解这一点，将使你历经沧桑后能够更好的生存。You might think that I chose my second theme,
35、theimportance of imagination,because of the part itplayed in rebuilding my life,but that is not whollyso.Though I will defend the value of bedtime storiesto my last gasp,I have learned to value imaginationin a much broader sense.Imagination is not only theuniquely human capacity to envision that whi
36、ch is not,and therefore the fount of all invention and innovation.In its arguably most transformative and revelatorycapacity,it is the power that enables us toempathise with humans whose experiences we have nevershared.对于第二个主题的选择想象力的重要性你们可能会认为是因为它对我重建生活起到了帮助，但事实并非完全如此。虽然我愿誓死捍卫睡前要给孩子讲故事的价值观，我对想象力的理解已
37、经有了更广泛的含义。想象力不仅仅是人类设想还不存在的事物这种独特的能力，为所有发明和创新提供源泉，它还是人类改造和揭露现实的能力，使我们同情自己不曾经受的他人苦难。One of the greatest formative experiences of mylife preceded H arry Potter,though it informed much ofwhat I subsequently wrote in those books.Thisrevelation came in the form of one of my earliest dayjobs.Though I was s
38、loping off to write stories duringmy lunch hours,I paid the rent in my earlyOs by workingat the African research department at AmnestyInternational?s headquarters in London.其中一个影响最大的经历发生在我写哈利波特之前，为我随后写书提供了很多想法。这些想法成形于我早期的工作经历，在2 0多岁时，尽管我可以在午餐时间里悄悄写故事，可为了付房租，我做的主要工作是在伦敦总部的大赦国际研究部门。There in my little
39、office I read hastily scribbledletters smuggled out of totalitarian regimes by men andwomen who were risking imprisonment to inform theoutside world of what was happening to them.I sawphotographs of those who had disappeared without trace,sent to Amnesty by their desperate families and friends.I rea
40、d the testimony of torture victims and saw picturesof their injuries.I opened handwritten,eye-witnessaccounts of summary trials and executions,ofkidnappings and rapes.在我的小办公室，我看到了人们匆匆写的信件，它们是从极权主义政权被偷送出来的。那些人冒着被监禁的危险，告知外面的世界他们那里正在发生的事情。我看到了那些无迹可寻的人的照片，它们是被那些绝望的家人和朋友送来的。我看过拷问受害者的证词和被害的照片。我打开过手写的目击证词，
41、描述绑架和强奸犯的审判和处决。Many of my co-workers were ex-political prisoners,people who had been displaced from their homes,or fledinto exile,because they had the temerity to thinkindependently of their government.Visitors to ouroffice included those who had come to give information,or to try and find out what
42、had happened to those whothey had left behind.我有很多的同事是前政治犯，他们已离开家园流离失所，或逃亡流放，因为他们敢于怀疑政府、独立思考。来我们办公室的访客，包括那些前来提供信息，或想设法知道那些被迫留下的同志发生了什么事的人。I shall never forget the African torture victim,a young man no older than I was at the time,who hadbecome mentally ill after all he had endured in hishomeland.H e
43、 trembled uncontrollably as he spoke intoa video camera about the brutality inflicted upon him.H e was a foot taller than I was,and seemed as fragileas a child.I was given the job of escorting him to theUnderground Station afterwards,and this man whose lifehad been shattered by cruelty took my hand
44、withexquisite courtesy,and wished me future happiness.我将永远不会忘记一个非洲酷刑的受害者，一名当时还没有我大的年轻男子，他因在故乡的经历而精神错乱。在摄像机前讲述被残暴地摧残的时候，他颤抖失控。他比我高一英尺，却看上去像一个脆弱的儿童。我被安排随后护送他到地铁站，这名生活已被残酷地打乱的男子，小心翼翼地握着我的手，祝我未来生活幸福。And as long as I live I shall remember walkingalong an empty corridor and suddenly hearing,frombehind a c
45、losed door,a scream of pain and horror suchas I have never heard since.The doorMichael Bloomberg H arvard C ommencementSpeech014迈克尔彭博2014年哈佛毕业典礼演讲Thank you Katie,and thank you to President Faust,the Fellows of H arvard C ollege,the Board of Overseers,and all the faculty,alumni,and students who havew
46、elcomed me back to campus.感谢凯蒂，感谢福斯特校长、哈佛大学理事会成员、监事会成员，还有迎接我回校的所有教职员工、校友及同学们。I m excited to be here,not only to address thedistinguished graduates and alumni at H arvardUniversity s63rd commencement but to stand in the exactspot where Oprah stood last year.OMG.站在这里我非常激动，不仅是因为我能在哈佛大学第3 6 3届毕业典礼上面对各位优
47、秀的毕业生及校友讲话，更是因为能站在去年奥普拉曾站过的地方。我的天啊。Let me begin with the first order of business:Let，s have a big round of applause for the C lass of014.They ve earned it.下面让我从最重要的环节开始：让我们把最热烈的掌声送给2014届毕业生们，这是他们赢得的。As excited as the graduates are,they are probablyeven more exhausted after the past few weeks.Andpare
48、nts,I m not referring to their final exams.Im talking about the Senior Olympics,the Last C hanceDance,and the Booze C ruise-I mean,the moonlightcruise.毕业生们都一样的兴奋，但同时这儿周或许也让他们有些精疲力竭吧。各位家长，我指的可不是期末考试哦，我说的是高年级运动会、最后一次交际舞会和游轮酒宴一一我指的是午夜巡游会。Anyway,this year has been exciting on campus：H arvard beat Yale f
49、or the seventh straight time infootball.The men s basketball team went to thesecond round of the NC AA tournament for the secondstraight year.And the Men s Squash team won nationalchampionship.不管怎样，今年的校园很令人振奋：哈佛橄榄球队连续第七次击败耶鲁，男子篮球队连续两年打入全国大学体育协会冠军赛的第二轮，还有男子壁球队则获得了全国冠军。Who d a thunk it:H arvard,an ath
50、letic powerhouse!Pretty soon they re going to be asking whether you haveacademics to go along with your athletic programs.谁会想到：哈佛，竟然有如此强大的运动天团！不久后，可能就会有人问，你们的学术水平是否能和体育水平相媲美？My personal connection to H arvard began in 1964,when I graduated from Johns H opkins University inBaltimore and matriculated