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1、高中英语语法之With 的复合结构1.结构：with+名词./代词.+形容词/形容词短语/副词/介词短语/不定式/现在分词/过去分词.(1).with+名词./代词.+形容词/形容词短语 With her father asleep,the daughter walked quietly out of the bedroom.父亲睡着了,女儿悄悄地走出了卧室.It is considered to be bad manners to speak to others with your mouth full of food.满嘴食物和别人说话被认为是不礼貌的.(2).with+名词/代词+副词
2、Im used to working with the radio on.我习惯开着收音机工作.I stood there with my dog behind.我站在那儿,我的狗在我后面.(3).with+名词/代词+介词短语With some beautiful flowersin her hands,she ran to thehero.她手捧鲜花向英跑去.They sat under the tree with their back to the wall.他们背对着墙坐在树下(4).with+名词/代词+不定式 With the computer to do all the work
3、,he had more free time.有计算机做所有的工作,他的空闲时间更多了.He was left alone,with no one to look after him.他被单独留下,无人照顾.(5).with+名词/代词+现在分词The teacher came in with some of his students following him.老师走了近来,后面跟着几个他的学生.With the boy leading him the way,the old man had no trouble finding his old friends house.由于有小男孩给他引
4、路,这位老人毫不费力地找到了他老朋友的家.(6).with+名词/代词+过去分词He had to walk to the school with his bike broken.自行车坏了,他不得不步行上学.With her taken care of,we could go on with our work.有人照顾她,我们可以继续工作了.2.句法功能:常在句中作状语(表伴随,原因,时间等)和后置定语.(1).在句中作状语 The streets are more beautiful with all the lights on.华灯齐放,大街更漂亮了.With time going on
5、,Einsteins theory proved to be correct.随着岁月的流逝,爱因斯坦的理论证明是正确的.(2).在句中作后置定语 Any man with eyes in his head can see that hes exactly like a rope.任何一个长眼睛的人都看到他正像一根绳子.The girl reached a river bank with so many flowers on both banks.小女孩来到一条两岸开满鲜花的河边.3.宾语补足语形式的选择:依据它和宾语之间的逻辑关系选择宾语补足语的形式.若为主表关系,选择形容词,副词和介词短语
6、;若为主谓关系,选择现在分词(表示正在进行的动作);若为动宾关系,选择过去分词;选择不定式则表示将来的动作.(1).主表关系I once lived in a house with many trees and flowers around it.我曾住在一间鲜花和绿树环绕的房子里.The boy pulled on his shirt,with the wrong side out.小男孩反穿着衬衫.He likes to sleep with the window open.他喜欢开着窗户睡觉.(2).主谓关系The boy lay on the grass,with his eyes l
7、ooking at the sky.小男孩躺在草地上,两眼望着天空.With night coming on,we started for home.夜幕来临,我们动身回家了.(3).动宾关系With nothing taken home,the girl was afraid to see her stepfather.没有东西可带回家,小女孩不敢见继续父With so much work to do,we had to sit up throughout the night.由于有许多工作要做,我们不得熬了个通宵.4.作状语时,with 的复合结构可以和独立主格互换The maths teacher walked into the classroom with a book in his hand.=The maths teacher walked into the classroom,book in hand.数学老师手里拿着一本书走进教室.With the meeting over,they all left the hall in a great hurry.=The meeting(being)over,they all left the hall in a great hurry.会议结束了,他们匆忙离开会议室.THANK YOU