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1、专题二专题二 学会使用并列句与复合句进行写作学会使用并列句与复合句进行写作根据历年高考英语评卷情况看，在高考英语写作中，考生更多使用的是结构单一、长度相当的简单句，这样句子与句子之间缺乏连贯性和逻辑性，文章自然就会平淡乏味。其实，一篇好的文章应含有多种句式，即：简单句、并列句和复合句。它们虽各自具有不同的特点(见下表)，但灵活使用，巧妙组合，就会使文章句式多变、逻辑连贯、表达流畅，具有一种表达形式多样化的美感。简单句、并列句与复合句的特点简单句、并列句与复合句的特点句 子优 点缺 点简单句强劲有力，意思清晰，与长句子配合使用会有摇曳多姿的美感如果全文是简单句，评卷教师可能认为考生语言水平有限并
2、列句意义对称、对比、对仗，读起来错落有致，富有韵味句间关系平等，互不依存，用多了显得枯燥，结构松散复合句主要意义在主句，次要意义在从句，逻辑泾渭分明，语言读来有气势语法容易出错，即使对了，句子太长会增加理解的难度要学会使用并列句与复合句进行写作，应从如下两个方面着手。一、掌握各类并列连词的使用一、掌握各类并列连词的使用并列句是由两个或两个以上不分主次、相互独立的简单句构成的。并列句通过并列连词、并列副词或分号三种方式连接起来。依据并列句前后分句的逻辑关系，并列句可表示递进关系、转折关系、选择关系、因果关系、时间关系、对比关系等。这些关系都是通过并列连词来表现的。以下为各类并列句的常用并列连词。
3、类 型 连 词递进关系and/and then/once more/as well(as)/not onlybut also/neithernor转折关系but/yet/whereas/even if/though/while选择关系eitheror/neithernor/notbut/whetheror not因果关系as/since/for/because/now that/thus/therefore/so对比关系but/however/while/whereas/nevertheless/still例如：1.Study hard or youll fail(in)the exam.2.
4、Youd better put on your sweater,for its rather cold outside.3.Try it another time and youll succeed.4.The equipment is neither accurate nor safe.5.She could not speak the language,nor could her brother.6.Im eager to go with you but I cant,for Im now as busy as a bee.二、掌握各类复合句的写作二、掌握各类复合句的写作复合句由一个主句和
5、若干个从句构成，主句和从句都具有完整的主谓结构，主句是主体，从句是主句的一个句子成分，不能独立存在。从句对主句进行修饰，起补充说明作用。根据从句所起的词性作用，可分为：名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)，定语从句和状语从句。各类从句连接词的使用是要掌握的重点。例如：1.The girl is spoken highly of.Her composition was well written.The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of(定语从句)2.The flat is on Fangcao
6、 Street.It is in a building and it is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street,which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.(定语从句)总之，我们在学习和使用并列句时，应熟练掌握常用的由并列连词构成的句式并避免汉语化表达引起的错误。在学习和使用主从复合句时，应注意复合句中各部分的连接手段，从句与主句的时态呼应及复合句的综合语意。即时巩固即时巩固1.根据句子意思，使用正确的连词填空。_ the I
7、nternet is bridging the distance between people,it may also be breaking some homes or will cause other family problems.The main reason for the population growth isnt so much a rise in the birth rate _ a fall in death as a result of improvement of medical care.Ants are the most common life form in ea
8、rth._ tiny,their combined weight is greater than that of all humans.I think youve got to the point where a change is needed._，youll fail._ youve mentioned it,I do remember.The company has a meeting every week,_ there is nothing to discuss.I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I pi
9、cked up the phone.Key：1.WhileasThoughOtherwiseNow thatunlessthe moment/as soon as/the instant/immediately 2.以下是使用连词时出现的错误，请改正。One morning it was raining heavily.However,I was late for school,and the teacher didnt criticize me for that._In the end,we drove to a service station and waited there unless
10、 the road was clear for at least two cars to go._The owner of the wallet was very thankful to Xiaohua that he took out a 100-yuan note to reward her though was refused._As the night air was hot,we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey down the valley._Although regular exercise
11、 is very important,but its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime._Key:2.HoweverSo;andbutunlessuntil veryso;thoughbutAs the night air was hotHot as the night air was或Though the night air was hot去掉but或去掉Although并将regular首字母大写。3.请把以下简单句变为并列句或复合句。It was the third time that he had won the ra
12、ce.It surprised us all.并列句：_ 复合句：_Please find ways to praise your children often.Youll find that they will open their hearts to you.并列句：_倒装句：_China recently tightened the control over its waters near Diaoyu Islands.This will prevent other countries from attacking Chinese fishing boats in the East Ch
13、ina Sea.定语从句：_状语从句：_简单句：_ Key:3.并列句：It was the third time that he had won the race and it surprised us all./It was the third time that he had won the race and we were all surprised at that.复合句：It was the third time that he had won the race,which surprised us all./We were all surprised at the fact th
14、at he had won the race for the third time.并列句：Find ways to praise your children often and you will find they will open their hearts to you.倒装句：Not until you find ways to praise your children will you find that they will open their hearts to you.定语从句：China recently tightened the control over its wate
15、rs near Diaoyu Islands,which will prevent other countries from attacking Chinese fishing boats in the East China Sea.状语从句：China recently tightened the control over its waters near Diaoyu Islands so that we will prevent other countries from attacking Chinese fishing boats in the East China Sea.简单句：Ch
16、ina recently tightened the control over its waters near Diaoyu Islands to/in order to/so as to prevent other countries from attacking Chinese fishing boats in the East China Sea.或China recently tightened the control over its waters near Diaoyu Islands to prevent Chinese fishing boats from being atta
17、cked by other countries in the East China Sea.We are living in a new age.In this age,most information is available with greater ease than ever before.定语从句：_同位语从句：_Ive made a promise to myself.It says that this year,my first year in high school,would be completely different.定语从句：_同位语从句：_宾语从句：_ Key:定语
18、从句：We are living in a new age,in which/when most information is available with greater ease than ever before.同位语从句：We are living in a new age in the way that most information is available with greater ease than ever before.Key:定语从句：Ive made a promise to myself，which says that this year,my first year
19、 in high school,would be completely different.同位语从句：Ive made it a promise to myself that this year,my first year in high school,would be completely different.宾语从句：I have promised to myself that this year,my first year in high school,would be completely different.4.阅读短文，请将适当的连接词填入空格处(每空一词)，使短文意思完整。To
20、lerance means respecting others and valuing differences,_ matters when you try to gain friendship from others.Tolerance is a virtue for everyone.Being tolerant means keeping an open mind _ treating others with a heart full of mercy.In fact，I didnt realize the significance of being tolerant _ I had a
21、 fierce quarrel with my best friend Lily.We had been getting along well with each other,_ two weeks ago，Lily misunderstood me for something _ I didnt know,_ she avoided talking with me.I was so angry _ I quarrelled with her.Thus,we separated.I thought she was to blame for that.Having learned the whole thing,my mother advised me to talk to her first,_ neither of us would feel at ease.I followed her advice,and now we are _ close as before.I think its being tolerant _ has helped me regain our friendship.Key:whichanduntilbutthat so that or asthat