《复习十一句子种类和成分(教育精品).ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《复习十一句子种类和成分(教育精品).ppt（17页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、 复习十一复习十一 句子种类和成分句子种类和成分(P94 P102)句子的种类句子的种类：(P95)一、陈述句一、陈述句(P95，考点，考点1)句子按句子按使用目的使用目的可分为可分为陈述句陈述句、疑问句疑问句、祈使祈使句句、感叹句感叹句和和倒装句倒装句五种。五种。1.肯定句I like English.He likes Chinese.I am short.He is tall.They are tall,too.2.否定句借助借助否定词否定词not,no,never,no one,nobody,none等，以及等，以及半否定词半否定词hardly,few,little等构等构成否定句。成否
2、定句。You must go home.I can stay here.We cant leave without water.注意：注意：Im too hungry.I can hardly walk.(1)肯定句变为否定句时，and要改为or。She likes apples and pears.She doesnt like apples or pears.Not everything he said is right.（部分否定）(2)含有all,both,each,every等的肯定句加not变否定句后，表示部分否定；若表示全部否定则用none,neither,no one,nobo
3、dy等。None of us likes/like him.（全部否定）(3)含有already,too的肯定句变为否定句时，already,too要分别变为yet,either。He has already finished his homework.He hasnt finished his homework yet.She likes oranges,too.She doesnt like oranges,either.1.一般疑问句一般疑问句(P95-P96)二、疑问句二、疑问句(P95-P96，考点，考点2)Are you a student?Yes,I am./No,I am no
4、t.Must I go home?Yes,you must./No,you neednt./No,you dont have to.Dose he like eggs?Yes,he does./No,he doesnt.2.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句(P96)用疑问词提问的句子，不用yes或no 回答，而是根据具体情况进行回答。What do you do?Im a student.Whose book is this?Its my sisters.3.选择疑问句选择疑问句(P96)提出两种或两种以上情况，要求对方选择一种情况回答。不能用yes或no作答，要选择其中之一作答。(1)一般疑问句+被选择
5、部分+or+另一被选择部分？Do you like Chinese or math?I like Chinese.Is he a teacher or a student?A student.(2)特殊疑问句特殊疑问句,被选择部分+or+另一被选择部分？Who is taller,the boy or the girl?The boy.4.反意疑问句反意疑问句(P96-P97，考点，考点3)陈述句，陈述句，+简略问句？简略问句？(1)肯定，+否定？You are right,arent you?He doesnt like it,does he?简略问句部分的主语与陈述部分的主语保持一致，且只
6、能用相应的人称代词(there be句型除外)。简略问句的谓语动词也要与陈述句的谓语动词保持一致；如果是否定，一定要用缩写。(2)否定，+肯定？There is some water in the glass,isnt there?注意：注意：(P96-P97，考点，考点3)1.前面用Im，后面用arent I;Im tall,arent I?2.前面有little,few,no,never,nothing,nobody,hardly等表示否定意义的词时，后面要用肯定形式；She has little money,does she?3.前面的主语是nothing,something,anyth
7、ing时，后面的主语用代词it；前面的主语是everyone,no one,someone,everybody,nobody,anybody时，后面的主语常用they,有时也用he；Everything is ready,isnt it?Everyone is here,arent they?4.前面的主语是this或that时，后面的主语用it；前面的主语是these或those时，后面的主语用they；This is a book,isnt it?Those arent pens,are they？5.在在宾语从句宾语从句中，后面一般根据中，后面一般根据主句的主语主句的主语来变来变化，但当
8、化，但当主句的主语是主句的主语是I(we)(dont/didnt)think(believe,suppose)时，后面就根据时，后面就根据从句从句的主语的主语来变化，来变化，He says that I did it,doesnt he?I think he is wrong,isnt he?I dont believe its true,is it?6.前面的情态动词must表示猜测，“一定是，必定”时，后面根据must后的动词来变化，不能用mustnt；当must表示“一定要，必须”时，后面要用neednt；当前面是mustnt（不准）时，后面用must。He must be a doct
9、or,isnt he?（表猜测，一定是）You must do it,neednt you?（必须）We mustnt play with fire,must we?（不准）7.祈使句的反意疑问句Lets,shall we?前面是肯定的，后面用will you或wont you;前面是否定的，后面用will you;三、祈使句三、祈使句(P98，考点，考点4)No photos!Listen to me carefully.Please be careful.肯定式的肯定式的:以动词原形开头以动词原形开头Come in,please.否定式的否定式的:1.Dont+动词原形.Dont be l
10、azy.2.Never+动词原形.Never give up.3.No+名词/动名词No smoking!Please be quiet,will you/wont you?Dont talk,will you?Lets study hard,shall we?8.感叹句的反意疑问句一律用否定形式；9.对反意疑问句作答时，需要根据实际作答，实际是肯定的，用“Yes,+肯定结构”；实际是否定的，用“No,+否定句结构”。You dont know him,do you?What bad weather,isnt it？How fast he runs,doesnt he?Yes,I do.（认识
11、）He is a doctor,isnt he?No,he isnt.（不是医生）四、感叹句四、感叹句(P98，考点，考点5)1.How+形容词形容词/副词副词（+主语主语+谓语）谓语）！How beautiful the flowers are!以以how引导的感叹句：引导的感叹句：How well he writes!2.How+主语主语+谓语（谓语（+宾语）宾语）！How I love you!How time flies!以以what引导的感叹句：引导的感叹句：1.What+a/an+形容词形容词+可数名词单数可数名词单数（+主语主语+谓语）！谓语）！What a good boy h
12、e is!What an old bike it is!2.What+形容词形容词+不可数名词不可数名词（+主语主语+谓语）谓语）！What exciting news it is!3.What+形容词形容词+可数名词复数可数名词复数（+主语主语+谓语）！谓语）！What bad weather!What good students you are!4.What+(a/an)+名词（省略主语和谓语）！What a pity!What a shame!五、倒装句五、倒装句 1.以Here/There开头的倒装句Here comes the bus!There goes the bell!Here
13、 he comes!2.前者和后者的情况一样且表示肯定时，用倒装：注意：注意：主语是人称代词时，即使Here/There放在句首也不能用倒装。So+助动词助动词/be/情态动词情态动词+主语主语。也一样也一样He studies hard.So does she.They are strong.So am I.She can dance.So can I.Neither/Nor+助动词助动词/be/情态动词情态动词+主语主语。3.前者和后者的情况一样且表示否定时，用倒装：也不也不He doesnt like math.Neither/Nor do I.She wasnt doing her homework this time last night.Neither/Nor was he.I couldnt ride a bike when I was 6.Neither/Nor could she.核对核对P94的练习答案。的练习答案。核对核对P99 P102的练习答案。的练习答案。课后完成课后完成P103,P106 P108的练习题的练习题Goodbye!