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1、Contents:Propeller sequence(Periodically Rotated Overlapping Parallel Lines with Enhanced Reconstruction)Motion artifactTheoretical basisApplications第1页/共36页第一页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。MotionPeriodic:cardiac motion,respiration,blood flowSporadic:irritable patients motionTranslation,rotation,through-planeArti
2、fact in MRIblurring and ghosting CauseLonger encoding step第2页/共36页第二页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Scan time=TR x matrix x Average Long scan time第3页/共36页第三页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。MR image reconstruction under the assumption of objects motion-free condition during whole k space coverage第4页/共36页第四页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Motion a
3、rtifacts-Most ubiquitous and noticeable artifacts in MRIdue to voluntary and involuntary movement,and flow(blood,CSF)-Mostly occur along the phase encode direction,since adjacent lines of phase-encoded protons are separated by a TR interval that can last 3,000 msec or longer-Slight motion can cause
4、a change in the recorded phase variation across the FOV throughout the MR acquisition sequence第5页/共36页第五页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Motion artifact:ghost and blurring第6页/共36页第六页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Solution for motion compensation-Navigator echo usage to estimate the motion or motion related phase from extra collec
5、ted data-Cardiac and respiratory gating-Respiratory ordering of the phase encoding projections based on location in respiratory cycle-Signal averaging to reduce artifacts of random motion-Short TE spin echo sequences(limited to spin density,T1-weighted scans).Long TE scans(T2 weighting)are more susc
6、eptible to motion第7页/共36页第七页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。第8页/共36页第八页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Motion(abrupt)phase error position errorSolutionPhase informationNavigation Motion correction by phase information第9页/共36页第九页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Key ideas in propeller sequenceK space:partial covering for whole imageMotion detection:
7、blade usageCorrection:FFT properties usage第10页/共36页第十页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Diagram of the PROPELLER collection reconstruction process for motion corrected MRI.第11页/共36页第十一页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Rectangular fillingkxkyData acquisitionPropeller filling第12页/共36页第十二页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Phase CorrectRedundant data must
8、 agree,remove phase from each blade imageImperfect gradient balancing,Eddy current effect:echo center shift第13页/共36页第十三页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。第14页/共36页第十四页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。James G.Pipe第15页/共36页第十五页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。WindowingBeforeAfterPhase correction第16页/共36页第十六页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Bulk Transformation Correctio
9、nFourier transform correspondence Image space k spaceTranslation Phase rollRotation RotationSeparate estimation of rotation and translation 第17页/共36页第十七页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。rotate imagerotate dataFourier Transform Properties第18页/共36页第十八页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Reference(only inner circle)Magnitude of the averag
10、e of stripsRotation(only inner circle)CorrelationRotation correction(magnitude image)第19页/共36页第十九页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Blade by blade operationRotation at maximum correlation Correction第20页/共36页第二十页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Fourier Transform Propertiesshift image phase roll across datab is blade image,r is referen
11、ce image 第21页/共36页第二十一页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。max at Dx第22页/共36页第二十二页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。TranslationComplex average k-space dataReference(only inner circle)Complex of the average of stripsInverse FT(maximum)Multiplication第23页/共36页第二十三页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Blade by blade operationTranslation at maximum correlation C
12、orrection第24页/共36页第二十四页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Blade Correlation throw out bad or difficult to interpolate-data 第25页/共36页第二十五页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Through-plane motion:low weighting coeff.第26页/共36页第二十六页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Reconstruction(FFT)non-Cartesian sampling requires gridding convolutionKxKy第27页/共36页第二十七页,编辑于星期
13、六:八点 五十八分。w/motion correction 第28页/共36页第二十八页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。no correctioncorrelation correction onlymotion correction onlyfull corrections第29页/共36页第二十九页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。T2-FSET2-PropellerT2-Propeller(corrected)Artifact reduction due to head motion第30页/共36页第三十页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。DWI-EPIB=1000s/mm2DWI-Pro
14、peller(FSE)James G Pipe,2002第31页/共36页第三十一页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。DWI(b=700s/mm2)a.EPI(TR/TE/avg=2700/113/15)b.Propeller EPI(TR/TE/blade=1600/70/26)Wang FN,2005第32页/共36页第三十二页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Useful application in propeller sequenceMotion-or Bo-inhomogeneities insensitiveIrritable patientDiffusion weighted im
15、ageLimitations in propeller sequenceRedundant acquisition Long scan time:High SAR:problem in higher field MR systemSolutions Undersampling(Konstantinos Arfanakis,2005)Parallel imagingTurbopropeller(James G Pipe,2006)Propeller EPI第33页/共36页第三十三页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。Propeller sequenceLow sensitivity to imag
16、e artifacts,Bo inhomogeneity and motionT2-,Diffusion-weighted images(High SNR,low geometric distortion,low SAR)第34页/共36页第三十四页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。References1.Pipe J,MRM 42(5):963-62,1999.2.Pipe J,et al.,MRM 47(1):42-53,20023.Wu Y,Field AS,Alexander AL.ISMRM,Toronto,Canada,2003.2125.4.Roberts TP,Haider M.ISMRM,Kyoto,Japan,2004.946.5.Sussman MS,White LM,Roberts TP.ISMRM,Kyoto,Japan,2004.211.6.Pipe J and Zwart N.Magn Reson Med 55:380385,2006.7.Cheryaukaa AB,et al.Magnetic Resonance Imaging 22:139-148,2004第35页/共36页第三十五页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。感谢您的观看。第36页/共36页第三十六页,编辑于星期六:八点 五十八分。