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1、 直流电动机具有启动转矩大、调速范围广、调速精度高、能够实现无级平滑调速以及可以频繁启动等一系列优点。高精度切削机床 轧钢机课题十 并励直流电动机的基本控制线路第1页/共41页 造纸机 龙门刨床 外型图 内部接线图 第2页/共41页一、启动控制线路1.手动启动控制线路BQ3直流电动机启动变阻器外形图 并励直流电动机手动启动控制电路图 05-分段静触头 6-电磁铁 7-弧形铜条第3页/共41页QFKT1KT1KM1KM2L+KM2LKM1SB2KA1KA2SB1KA2KA1IKM1KM1KM3R2KM12.电枢回路串电阻二级启动控制线路IKM1KM1KM3R2KM1IKM1KM1KM3R2KM1
2、IKM1KM1KM3R2KM1IKM1KM1KM3R2KM1IMR1KM1KT2KM3KT2经过整定时间KT2动断触头延时闭合,KM3线圈得电KM3触头闭合切除全部电阻电动机全速运行KT22.电枢回路串电阻二级启动控制线路第8页/共41页二、正反转控制线路直流电动机实现正反转有电枢绕组反接法和励磁绕组反接法两种。第9页/共41页KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2KAL+L-KTKAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MR并励直流电机正反转控制线路IQFKM2KM1电路分析KM2KM1第10页/共41页KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTK
3、M1KM1MRIKM2KM1正转启动:合上QF励磁绕组得电励磁线圈KA得电，动合触头闭合KT线圈得电，延时闭合瞬时断开触头断开KM2KM1L+L-QFKM3KM1KM2KAKT并励直流电机正反转控制线路第11页/共41页KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MRIKM2KM1按下SB1KM1线圈得电，KM1触头动作电动机串联 电阻正转起动KT线圈失电KM2KM1L+L-QFKM3KM1KM2KAKT并励直流电机正反转控制线路第12页/共41页KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MRIKM2KM1KT经过整定时
4、间KT动断触头延时闭合,KM3线圈得电KM3触头闭合切除电阻电动机全速运行KM2KM1L+L-QFKM3KM1KM2KAKT并励直流电机正反转控制线路第13页/共41页KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MRIKM2KM1停:按下SB3KM2KM1L+L-QFKM3KM1KM2KAKT并励直流电机正反转控制线路第14页/共41页KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MRIKM2KM1反转启动:合上QF励磁绕组得电励磁线圈KA得电，动合触头闭合KT线圈得电，延时闭合瞬时断开触头断开KM2KM1L+L-QFKM3
5、KM1KM2KAKT并励直流电机正反转控制线路第15页/共41页KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MRIKM2KM1按下SB2KM2线圈得电，KM2触头动作电动机串联 电阻反转起动KT线圈失电KM2KM1L+L-QFKM3KM1KM2KAKT并励直流电机正反转控制线路第16页/共41页KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MRIKM2KM1KT经过整定时间KT动断触头延时闭合,KM3线圈得电KM3触头闭合切除电阻电动机全速运行KM2KM1L+L-QFKM3KM1KM2KAKT并励直流电机正反转控制线路第17
6、页/共41页 能耗制动是指保持直流电动机的励磁电流不变，将电枢绕组的电源切除后，立即使其与制动电阻连接成闭合回路，电枢凭惯性处于发电运行状态，将动能转化为电能并消耗在电枢回路中，同时获得制动力矩，迫使电动机迅速停转。.能耗制动控制线路三、制动控制线路第18页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1并励直流电动机能耗制动原理 IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMUKM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1L电路组成分析第19页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1 IKM3SB
7、2KM1KM1RBKAMUKM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1L合上QF并励直流电动机能耗制动原理第20页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1 IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMUKM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1L按下SB1并励直流电动机能耗制动原理第21页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1 IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMUKM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1LKT1瞬时断开延时闭合触头闭合并励直流电动机能耗制动原理第22页/共41页L+KV
8、QFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1 IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMUKM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1LKT2瞬时断开延时闭合触头闭合并励直流电动机能耗制动原理第23页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1 IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMUKM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1L按下SB2并励直流电动机能耗制动原理第24页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1 IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMUKM4
9、KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1LKV闭合KM2线圈得电KM2闭合能耗制动开始并励直流电动机能耗制动原理第25页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1 IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMUKM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1L速度减小到一定值时,KV分断并励直流电动机能耗制动原理第26页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1 IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMUKM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1L电动机停转并励直流电动机能耗制动原理第27页/共41页.反接
10、制动控制线路直流电动机的反接制动，通常是通过改变电枢两端电压极性或改变励磁电流的方向来改变电磁转矩的方向，形成制动转矩，从而迫使电动机迅速停转。第28页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1 IKM3KM1KM4KT2L电路组成分析MKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM4KM5KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2第29页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1 IKM3KM1KM4KT2L合上QFMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM
11、2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KM4KM5第30页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1 IKM3KM1KM4KT2L按下SB1KM1线圈得电MKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KM4KM5第31页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1 IKM3KM1KM4KT2LKM1触头动作电动机串联全部电阻启动MKA
12、SB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KM4KM5第32页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1 IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KT1经过整定时间KT1动断触头延时闭合,KM6线圈得电KM6触头闭合电动机串联R2继续启动KM4KM5第33页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3
13、KT1SB2KT2KT1 IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KV线圈升高到一定值KV触头闭合电动机串联R2继续启动KM4KM5第34页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1 IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KT2经过整定时间KT2动断触头延时闭合,KM7线圈得
14、电KM7触头闭合切除全部电阻电动机继续启动全速运行KM4KM5第35页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1 IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2按下SB3KM1线圈失电KM4KM5第36页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1 IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2
15、KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KM1触头动作KM4KM5第37页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1 IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KM3线圈得电KM3触头动作SB3动合触头闭合KM2线圈得电KM4KM5第38页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1 IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KM2触头动作电动机串联电阻反接制动KM4KM5第39页/共41页L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1 IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2电动机转速降低到一定值时KV触头断开电动机停转KM4KM5第40页/共41页感谢您的观看！第41页/共41页