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1、中考复习系列一般过去时&现在完成时（一）（一）一般过去时态一般过去时态和和现在完成时态现在完成时态的概念的概念一般过去时一般过去时表示在表示在过去过去某个时间发生的动词或存在某个时间发生的动词或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作常与的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作常与yesterday、yesterday afternoon、last year、in 1965、a moment ago 等表示过去的时间状语连用。等表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：例如：He came here yesterday.现在完成时现在完成时表示过去的动作（或状态）对表示过去的动作（或状态）对现在产生的影响
2、和结果例如：现在产生的影响和结果例如：He has broken his bottle.(二）一般过去时态和现在完成时的二）一般过去时态和现在完成时的区别区别：）现在完成时现在完成时是表示过去的动作与现在的联系，主是表示过去的动作与现在的联系，主要说明的是现在的情况和状态；而要说明的是现在的情况和状态；而一般过去时一般过去时则强调则强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系。例如：动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系。例如：We havent seen him since last year.(我们自从我们自从去年以来一直未见到他（现在还未见到）去年以来一直未见到他（现在还未见到）We
3、didnt see him last year.我们去年没见到我们去年没见到他（现在不一定未见到）他（现在不一定未见到）现在完成时现在完成时表示从过去发生一直持续到现在表示从过去发生一直持续到现在（包括现在）的某个动作或状态，与现在有关的（包括现在）的某个动作或状态，与现在有关的时间状语连用，时间状语连用，一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某一特定表示过去某一特定（与现在无关）的时间，与具体的表示过去的时（与现在无关）的时间，与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：间状语连用。例如：He has lived here since he was born .自他出生自他出生以来一直居住在这儿。（以来一直
4、居住在这儿。（since 自从自从以来与以来与现在有关，说明还居住在这儿。）现在有关，说明还居住在这儿。）Liumei went to see her grandmother last night.刘刘梅昨晚去看了他外婆。（只说明昨晚）梅昨晚去看了他外婆。（只说明昨晚）（三）值得注意几个问题：（三）值得注意几个问题：）动作发生在）动作发生在过去过去，一直，一直持续持续到说话的时候，并到说话的时候，并且还在延续时，要用现在完成时。例如：且还在延续时，要用现在完成时。例如：We have studied English for two years(我们学英语两年了）我们学英语两年了）指过去的经历，
5、但没有表示过去的时间状）指过去的经历，但没有表示过去的时间状语，要用现在完成时。例如：语，要用现在完成时。例如：I have been to Shanghai twice.我曾去过上海两次我曾去过上海两次）以）以When开头的特殊疑问句，要用一般过去开头的特殊疑问句，要用一般过去时。例如：时。例如：When did you lose your pen?你什么时候丢了钢笔？你什么时候丢了钢笔？）just(刚刚）与刚刚）与现在完成时现在完成时连用，连用，just now(刚才）与刚才）与一般一般过去时过去时连用。例如：连用。例如：The train has just gone.火车刚刚离开。火车刚
6、刚离开。The train left here just now.火车是刚才离开。火车是刚才离开。）since 作介词，后面跟时间名词一起作状语时，句子要作介词，后面跟时间名词一起作状语时，句子要用现在完成时；用现在完成时；since 作连词，引导状语从句时，主句用现在作连词，引导状语从句时，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。完成时，从句用一般过去时。6 ）so far 、in the last/past 与与现在完成时现在完成时连连用。例如用。例如：So far ,many countries have sent up satellites into space.In the last 3
7、0 years,our lives have changed a lot.He has worked in this factory since 1996.I have known him since he was a child.四、学习现在完成时应注意的三个区别。1 1）延续性动词与短暂性动词的区别。）延续性动词与短暂性动词的区别。2 2）since since 和和 for for 的区别。的区别。3 3）have/has gone to have/has gone to、have/have/has been to has been to 、have/has been have/has
8、been in in 的区别。的区别。A、leave been away from buyhave borrowkeep diebe dead get upbe up put onbe on come/get backbe back go to townbe in town losebe missing catch a coldhave a cold closebe closed/not open openbe open fall ill/asleep be ill/asleep begin/startbe on get/receive a letter fromhave a letter f
9、romB、come to be here/there arrive in（at）/get to/reachbe here/there join the army-be in the army/be a soldier join the League-be in the League/be a league member五、延续性动词和短暂性动词转换归纳。五、延续性动词和短暂性动词转换归纳。中招直航：一一 、Choose the right answers.()1.If my father _here now,he_tell me what to do.A were,would B were,w
10、ill C had,will D is,will()2、If I _ a bee,I _work much harder.A were,would B were,shall C had,will D have,should()3、If I _much money,I _buy a new house.Ahave,will B were,shall C had,would D have,should()4、He _ learn more quickly if he _ harder.A will,work B would,worked Cwould,work D will,worked()5、I
11、f I_ you,I _ _ do that.A was,wou;d B were,wouldnt C am,wont D were,wontCCDCD()6、If I_ ten years younger,I_ very happy.A.were,would be B.am,shall be C.were,shall beD.am,would be()7、-You can ask your brother for help.-He is not at home.If he _,I _.A is,would B.is,will C.were,would D.were,will()8、If sh
12、e _ a man,she would run for president.A.was B.were C.is D.are()9、What would you do if you won _ dollars?Atwo millions B million of C.two million D.two million of()10、If you were more friendly to people,you would _ friends.A.to have more B.have more C.has less D.to has lessCBCAD Correct the mistakes
13、in the following sentences.1、Tom has got up for half an hour.2、Liu Mei has joined the League for three years.3、The train has reached the station since 10 minutes ago.4、The little girl has fallen asleep for four hours.5、When have you cleaned the classroom?Its clean now.6、How long have you caught a co
14、ld?7、She has got ten letters from her mother since last week.火眼金睛：been upbeen upbeen inbeen inbeen atbeen atbeen asleepbeen asleepdiddidcleancleanhadhadhadhad七嘴八舌1.I _(be)busy these days.I _ (not go)to the cinema for weeks.2.How many units _ you _(learn)so far?3.Lily with her parents _(go)to Sanya.T
15、hey will be back in five days.4.Nobody _(dive)in our class before.5.Alice _(make)several friends since she _(come)to China.6._ your brother_(drive)a horse before?7.They _(stay)in the park during the past three hours.have beenhave beenhavent gonehavent gonehavehavelearntlearnthas gonehas gonehas dive
16、dhas divedhas madehas madecamecameHasHasdrivendrivenhave stayedhave stayed考点再现Where did you goWhere did you goHave you ever been there before Have you ever been there before Whats the weather like thereWhats the weather like thereHow did you get thereHow did you get thereDid you have a good journeyD
17、id you have a good journey补全对话：补全对话：A:Hello,Zhangli!Nice to meet you.B:Me,too!How are you?A:Fine,_?I havent seen you for a long time.B:Oh,I went to Sydney with my parents.Sydney is the biggest city in Australia.A:Really?_?B:No,I havent.Its the first time for me to go there.A:Thats great._?Is it too hot?B:No,Sydney is cool.Because its winter now.A:_?B:First by plane,then we went to Sydney by car.A:_?B:Yes,we had a good time.By the way,I took many photos.Would you like to see them?A:Thats wonderful!Lets go!