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1、1）Life and Career2）Works3）The Jazz Age Roaring Twenties American Dream The Lost Generation4）Writing Style5）The Great GatsbyMajor TopicsMajor Topics第1页/共38页Life experience Francis Scott Fitzgerald was born in St.Paul,on September 24,1896.Raised in St.Paul,Minnesota,he did poorly in school and was sen
2、t to New Jersey boarding school in 1911.He was educated at Princeton University in 1913.There he was surrounded by people richer,more sophisticated than he was.He felt inferior(劣势的)to his classmates.But he cut a figure on the football field and made a place for himself in the university literary gro
3、ups.第2页/共38页 Enlisted in the army in 1917,he became a second lieutenant(少尉),and was stationed at Camp Sheridan,in Montgomery,Alabama,where he met and fell in love with Zelda Sayre.Zelda,a wild 17-year-old beauty who was crazy for wealth,fun and leisure,agreed to marry him as long as he could prove a
4、 success 第3页/共38页 He published his first novel This Side of Paradise(1920),and became a literary sensation(轰动)，earning enough money and fame to convince Zelda to marry him.Then he published his famous works:The great Gatsby(1925)Tender is the night(1934).第4页/共38页 In 1930 Zelda suffered several nervo
5、us breakdowns and was later diagnosed as schizophrenia（精神分裂症）.This was repeated and she was placed in a sanitarium（疗养院）in 1932.He died of heart attack while working on his last novel,The Last Tycoon第5页/共38页弗司各特菲茨杰拉德1896年9月24日菲兹杰拉德生于明尼苏达州圣保罗市。父亲是家具商。他年轻时试写过剧本。读完高中后考入普林斯顿大学。在校时曾自组剧团，并为校内文学刊物写稿。后因身体欠佳，
6、中途辍学。1917年菲兹杰拉德入伍，终日忙于军训，未曾出国打仗。1920年菲兹杰拉德出版了长篇小说人间天堂，从此出了名，小说出版后他与吉姗尔达结婚。婚后携妻寄居巴黎，结识了安德逊、海明威等多位美国作家。1925年了不起的盖茨比问世，奠定了他在现代美国文学史上的地位，成了20年代“爵士时代”的发言人和“迷惘的一代”的代表作家之一。吉珊尔达对他的生活与创作影响很大，他的小说里许多女主人公都有她的面影。第6页/共38页1934年菲茨杰拉尔德出版了另一部重要的长篇小说夜色温柔，成功地表现了上层资产者的自私与腐化，对主人公的沉沦满怀同情。但评论界对它反应冷淡。1936年不幸染上肺病，妻子又一病不起，使他
7、几乎无法创作，精神濒于崩溃，终日酗酒。1940年12月21日菲兹杰拉德迸发心脏病，死于洛杉矶，年仅44岁。第7页/共38页This Side of Paradise (life in Princeton,frustration of young men)The Beautiful and the Damned(love story with Zelda)The Great Gatsby(masterpiece)Tender is the NightThe Last Tycoon(unfinished)第8页/共38页The Great Gatsby第9页/共38页The Beautiful a
8、nd Damned 美女和被诅咒的人第10页/共38页 This Side of the Paradise天堂的这一边第11页/共38页Jazz Age爵士时代Tender and the Night 夜色温柔第12页/共38页The Last Tycoon最后的大亨第13页/共38页works剧本：美女和被诅咒的人、伟大的盖茨比、生死同心、女人、乱世佳人、居里夫人、我最后一次看到巴黎、绮梦初艳等长篇小说：最后一个大亨、明智的事、了不起的盖茨比、夜色温柔、最后一个巨头、天堂的这一边、人间天堂等短片小说：姑娘们与哲学家们、爵土时代的故事、富家公子、本杰明巴顿奇特的一生、伯妮斯剪发、遗失的十年等第
9、14页/共38页第15页/共38页Roaring Twenties The Roaring Twenties is a phrase used to describe the 1920s.The phrase was meant to emphasize the periods social,artistic,and cultural dynamism.The spirit of the Roaring Twenties was marked by a general feeling of discontinuity associated with modernity,a break with
10、 traditions.第16页/共38页 Everything seemed to be feasible through modern technology.Formal decorative frills were shed in favor of practicality in both daily life and architecture.At the same time,jazz and dancing rose in popularity,in opposition to the mood of the specter of World War I.As such,the pe
11、riod is also often referred to as the Jazz Age.第17页/共38页The Jazz Age第18页/共38页1920s MusicJazz(爵士乐),Ragtime(拉格泰姆)and Broadway musicals（百老汇音乐剧）were features of 1920s music第19页/共38页1920s Music Jazz is a musical tradition and style of music that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African
12、American communities in the Southern United States from a confluence of African and European music traditions.第20页/共38页1920s Literature Literature of the times captured the changes in Society.Authors of the period struggled to understand the changes occurring in society.While some writers praised th
13、e changes others expressed disappointment in the passing of the old ways.As the average American in the 1920s became more enamored of wealth and everyday luxuries,some began satirizing the hypocrisy and greed they observed.第21页/共38页 The American Dream is the idea held by many in the United States of
14、 America that through hard work,courage,and determination one can achieve financial and personal success.These were values held by many early European settlers,and have been passed down to subsequent generations.第22页/共38页Lost Generation Group of expatriate American writers residing primarily in Pari
15、s during the 1920s and 1930s.The group never formed a cohesive literary movement,but it consisted of many influential American writers.Its name was given by Gertrude Stein,who,used an expression a lost generation,to refer to expatriate Americans bitter about their World War I experiences and disillu
16、sioned with American society.第23页/共38页第24页/共38页Writing Style Many of Fitzgeralds works are half autobiography properties.Because he married with a typical south woman,Fitzgerald showed interest in the southern United States in his novels.Fitzgerald created a kind of refreshing literature feminine im
17、age in his novels.They were trendy,independent and attractive.In the other hand,they had the courage to pursue their happiness at any cost.第25页/共38页 Fitzgeralds novels got praise of the field.But in fact,his short stories give him a commercial success and get him to win the general public recognitio
18、n,rather than his novels.Fitzgeralds short stories are generally strong entertaining.They often own O.Henrys typical unexpected ending.If you read them,they will make you into great enjoyment.第26页/共38页第27页/共38页 Gatsby is a poor youth from the Midwest.He falls in love with Daisy,a girl from a wealthy
19、 family.Gatsby is too poor to marry her,so Daisy is married to a rich young man named Tom.Determined to win Daisy back,Gatsby engages himself in Bootlegging(违法的)and other illegal activities.Then he hosts dazzling parties every weekend in the hope of attracting the Buchanans to come.By chance his nex
20、t-door neighbor,Nick Carraway,is Daisys relative and he helps Gatsby to make an appointment.They finally come and Gatsby meets Daisy again.But he finds Daisy is no longer the ideal love of his dream.The plot of the great Gatsby第28页/共38页故事情节 年轻时的盖茨比并不富有，他是一个少尉军官。他爱上了一位叫黛茜的姑娘，黛茜对他也情有所钟。后来第一次世界大战爆发，盖茨比
21、被调往欧洲。似是偶然却也是必然，黛茜因此和他分手，转而与一个出身于富豪家庭的纨绔子弟汤姆结了婚。黛茜婚后的生活并不幸福，因为汤姆另有情妇。物欲的满足并不能填补黛西精神上的空虚。盖茨比痛苦万分，他坚信是金钱让黛茜背叛了心灵的贞洁，于是立志要成为富翁。几年以后，盖茨比终于成功了。他在黛茜府邸的对面建造起了一幢大厦。盖茨比挥金如土，彻夜笙箫，一心想引起黛茜的注意，以挽回失去的爱情。尼克为盖茨比的痴情所感动，便去拜访久不联系的远房表妹黛茜，并向她转达盖茨比的心意。黛茜在与盖茨比相会中时时有意挑逗。盖茨比昏昏然听她随意摆布，并且天真地以为那段不了情有了如愿的结局。然而真正的悲剧却在此时悄悄启幕。茜早已不
22、是旧日的黛茜。黛茜不过将她俩目前的暖昧关系，当做一种刺激。尼克终于有所察觉，但为时已晚。一次黛茜在心绪烦乱的状态下开车，偏偏轧死了丈夫的情妇。盖茨比为保护黛茜，承担了开车责任，但黛茜已打定主意抛弃盖茨比。在汤姆的挑拨下，致使其情妇的丈夫开枪打死了盖茨比。盖茨比最终彻底成为了牺牲品。盖茨比至死都没有发现黛茜脸上嘲弄的微笑。盖茨比的悲剧在于他把一切都献给了自己编织的美丽梦想，而黛茜作为他理想的化身，却只徒有美丽的躯壳。尽管黛西早已移情别恋,尽管他清楚地听出“她的声音充满了金钱”,却仍不改初衷,固执地追求重温旧梦然。人们在为盖茨比举行葬礼，黛茜和她丈夫此时却早已在欧洲旅行的路上。不了情终于有了了结。
23、尼克目睹了人类现实的虚情寡义，深感厌恶，于是怀着一种悲剧的心情，远离喧嚣、冷漠、空洞、虚假的大都市，黯然回到故乡。第29页/共38页 Written in 1925,the Great Gatsby is one of the greatest library documents of that period At first glance,the novel appears to be a simple love story,but further examination reveals Fitzgeralds masterful scrutiny（审视）of American societ
24、y during the 1920s and the corruption of the American dream.第30页/共38页-So we beat on,boats against the current,borne-So we beat on,boats against the current,borne back ceaselessly into the past.back ceaselessly into the past.-我们继续奋力向前划，逆水行舟，不停地倒退，我们继续奋力向前划，逆水行舟，不停地倒退，回到往昔。回到往昔。-Whenever you feel like
25、 criticizing any Whenever you feel like criticizing any one,one,he told me,he told me,just remember that all the just remember that all the people in this world havenpeople in this world havent had the advantages t had the advantages that youthat youve had.ve had.-“每逢你想要对别人品头论足的时候，每逢你想要对别人品头论足的时候，”他对他对我说，我说，“要记住，世上并非所有的人，都有你那要记住，世上并非所有的人，都有你那样的优越条件。样的优越条件。”第31页/共38页第32页/共38页第33页/共38页第34页/共38页第35页/共38页第36页/共38页第37页/共38页感谢您的观看！第38页/共38页