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1、直接引语直接引语:直接引用别人的话直接引用别人的话,把它放在引号内。把它放在引号内。(direct speech)间接引语间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话用自己的话转述别人的话(indirect speech)这两种引语都是宾语从句，但是直接引语放在引这两种引语都是宾语从句，但是直接引语放在引号内，不用连词连接；间接引语不用引号，通常号内，不用连词连接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句连接。用连接词与主句连接。I am a beautiful girl.例如：例如：“What do you want,Lucy?”Mr.Li said.(直接引语直接引语)Mr.Li asked Lucy w
2、hat she wanted.(间接引语间接引语)一一.直接引语变间接引语的方法直接引语变间接引语的方法1).直接引语为陈述句时直接引语为陈述句时,变为间接引语变为间接引语,要用要用that引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。如：如：“The storm was extremely violent,”said a local man.A local man said that the storm had been extremely violent.2).直接引语为一般疑问句变为间接引语直接引语为一般疑问句变为间接引语,要用要用if/whether 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句,并将原并将原来来 的疑
3、问语序变为陈述语序。的疑问语序变为陈述语序。如：如：The teacher asked,“is every body here today?”The teacher asked if every body was here that day.3).直接引语为特殊疑问句直接引语为特殊疑问句,变为间接引语变为间接引语,用原来的疑问词引导从句用原来的疑问词引导从句,并将疑句语序并将疑句语序 变为陈述语序。变为陈述语序。如：如：“What shall I do next?”the girl wondered.The girl wondered what she should do next.4).直接
4、引语为祈使句直接引语为祈使句,变为间接引语变为间接引语,一般一般 用以下结构：用以下结构：order/tell/ask sb.(not)to do如：如：The headmaster said,“dont litter the floor with scraps(碎片碎片)of paper.”The headmaster told us not to litter the floor with scraps of paper.5)选择疑问句变成以选择疑问句变成以whetheror引导的引导的宾语从句，谓语动词多用宾语从句，谓语动词多用ask。She said,”Would you like c
5、offee or tea?”She asked(us)whether we would like coffee or tea.二、二、直接引语变为间接引语需要注意的直接引语变为间接引语需要注意的问题问题 人称的变化：人称的变化：在主句和直接引语中指同一个人，代词在主句和直接引语中指同一个人，代词却不一样时，变为间接引语时应将直接却不一样时，变为间接引语时应将直接引语中的代词变为主句中的代词相一致。引语中的代词变为主句中的代词相一致。“I went to the Great Wall yesterday,”Li Ming said.Li Ming said that he had gone to
6、 the Great Wall the day before.语序变化语序变化直接引语时一般疑问句或特殊疑问句时，变直接引语时一般疑问句或特殊疑问句时，变为间接引语时要把疑问句的语序变为陈述语为间接引语时要把疑问句的语序变为陈述语序。并且如果主句谓语动词是序。并且如果主句谓语动词是say或或say tosb，一般变为，一般变为ask或或ask sb。He said to me,“Have you done your homework?”He asked me whether/if I had done my homework.变化项目变化项目直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语时态变化时态变化一般
7、现在时一般现在时现在进行时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时过去进行时过去进行时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去将来时过去将来时过去完成时过去完成时时态的变化时态的变化He said,“Im using the knife.”He said that he was using the knife.Zhou Lan said,“Ill do my homeworkafter class.Zhou Lan said that she would do herhomework after class.变化项变化项
8、目目直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语指示代指示代词词thisthese时间状时间状语语nowtoday,tonightthis week/monththatthosethenthat day,that nightthat week/month指示代词指示代词/时间状语时间状语/地点状语等的变化地点状语等的变化yesterdayten days/weeksagotomorrow/next year.地点状地点状语语here方向性方向性动词动词comebringthe day beforeten daysbeforethe next day/year.theregotake【温馨提示温馨提示】1.
9、当直接引语强调的是客观事实或真当直接引语强调的是客观事实或真理，变为间接引语时，从句中的时态理，变为间接引语时，从句中的时态不变。如：不变。如：Mr.Wang said,“The earth travels around the sun.”Mr.Wang said(that)the earth travels around the sun.2.当直接引语中有表示过去的具体的时当直接引语中有表示过去的具体的时 间状语时，变为间接引语时，从句中间状语时，变为间接引语时，从句中 的谓语时态可以不变。如：的谓语时态可以不变。如：She said,“I was born in 1995.”She sai
10、d(that)she was born in 1995.3.当主句是现在时或将来时，变为间接当主句是现在时或将来时，变为间接引语时态不变。引语时态不变。He says,“I am a teacher.”He says he is a teacher.4.所转述的动作或状态说话时仍在继续时，所转述的动作或状态说话时仍在继续时，时态不变。时态不变。The doctor said,“You look pale and tired.”The doctor said that I look pale and tired.5.直接引语中的直接引语中的would，should，ought，might，had
11、 better，used to等一般不变。等一般不变。I.将下列直接引语转换为间接引语。将下列直接引语转换为间接引语。1.Linda said,“Im meeting David for dinner.”Linda said(that)she _ _ David for dinner.2.Bill said,“I forgot to pay my electricity bill.”Bill said(that)he _ _ to pay his electricity bill.was meetinghad forgotten3.I asked Jack,“Do you know the callers name?”I asked Jack _ _ _ _ _ _.whether he knew the callers name 4.“Dont make so much noise,boys,”the teacher said.The teacher told the boys _ _ _ so much noise.not to make